“Elie Halévy retrouvé”. World War I and the crisis of democratic thought from the Dreyfus affair to the age of tyrannies

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-184
Author(s):  
Vincent Duclert
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
World War ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
The World ◽  
Dreyfus Affair ◽  
The Face

Elie Halévy provided a profound and lasting critique of a Europe in crisis. In the 1930s, his interpretation was rooted in his reading of the world calamities of 1914-1918, which he delivered for the famous Rhodes Memorial Lectures at Oxford University in 1929. Studying the origins of his thought in the face of the war offers a privileged perspective on one of Halevy’s most important works, The Era of Tyrannies and, in particular, the role of democracy within his work more broadly. Most importantly, at the center of his approach was an attempt to confront this new political and ideological reality, beyond idealism or a religious faith in democracy’s superiority.

scholarly journals The role of Anglo-German Naval Agreement in escalation of crisis trends of the Versailles system (based on the materials of new archival documents)

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Alexander Naumov
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
World War ◽  
Systemic Mechanism ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The World ◽  
Archival Documents

This article reviews the role of Anglo-German Naval Agreement of 1935 in escalation of crisis trends of the Versailles system. Leaning on the British Russian archival documents, which recently became available for the researchers, the author analyzes the reasons and consequences of conclusion of this agreement between the key European democratic power and Nazi Reich. Emphasis is placed on analyzing the moods within the political elite of the United Kingdom. It is proven that the agreement became a significant milestone in escalation of crisis trends in the Versailles model of international relations. It played a substantial role in establishment of the British appeasement policy with regards to revanchist powers in the interbellum; policy that objectively led to disintegration of the created in 1919 systemic mechanism, and thus, the beginning of the World War II. The novelty of this work is substantiated by articulation of the problem. This article is first within the Russian and foreign historiography to analyze execution of the Anglo-German Naval Agreement based on the previously unavailable archival materials. The conclusion is made that this agreement played a crucial role in the process of disintegration of interbellum system of international relations. Having officially sanctioned the violation of the articles of the Versailles Treaty of 1919 by Germany, Great Britain psychologically reconciled to the potential revenge of Germany, which found reflection in the infamous appeasement policy. This launched the mechanism for disruption of status quo that was established after the World War I in Europe. This resulted in collapse of the architecture of international security in the key region of the world, rapid deterioration of relations between the countries, and a new world conflict.

scholarly journals Female images in the movies of the 2010s about the World War I

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Ivanovna Tribunskikh ◽  
Daria Chuprasova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
World War I ◽  
Western Society ◽  
World War ◽  
Female Images ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Tv Shows

The subject of this research is the yet poorly studied topic of representation of the female images in military media sources, namely movies and TV series of the 2010s. The choice of sources is substantiated by the new approaches towards delivery of information, new characters and patterns that correspond to the modern media trends; as well as by a wide range of projects timed to the centenary of the World War I. The key tasks of this article lie in determination of the role of women and characteristics of female images in a number of movies and TV shows of the 2010s about the World War I. The author carries out a comparative analysis of reflection of the Western and Russian cinematography associated with the representations on the gender hierarchy that is seen through interaction between men and women in the material under review. The article reveals the main patterns that are most commonly used for describing the role of women in war. The conclusion is made that a certain variety of female images that have recently appeared in cinematography indicates the interest of historians and researchers dealing with memory, gender, media and visual culture. The comparative analysis of sources demonstrated that the representation of female images in movies of the 2010s about the World War I reflects a certain difference in the officially broadcasted sociocultural and ideological perception of women and their role characteristic to modern Russian and Western society. The Russian movies are oriented towards expressing the official state concept of traditional values and women's affiliation to family and the country; while Western movies create the images typical for their cultural reality, which do not neglect the role of wives and mothers, however allow the heroines to transcend family interests.

II. The Role of a Theologian in Genocide Prevention: Theology in Postgenocide Rwanda

Horizons ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-89
Author(s):  
Elisee Rutagambwa
Keyword(s):  
International Community ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
World Community ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Face ◽  
Second World

When the world came to its senses after the Second World War and reports of the horrors of the Holocaust began to spread, the international community reacted with disbelief. And when reality proved much worse than even the worst nightmare, the world community reacted unanimously with a general outcry: crimes of this magnitude must never happen again. It appeared quite clear that, in the future, the international community would never again remain inactive in the face of such appalling tragedy. Yet, the firm imperative “never again” has become “again and again,” and the same dreadful crimes have been repeated in many parts of the world.

Prva svetovna vojna in Slovenci: 1994–2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-171
Author(s):  
Petra Svoljšak
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Gender Studies ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Writings ◽  
The Church

WORLD WAR I AND SLOVENIANS: 1994–2014The paper examines the Slovenian historiographic production about the topic of World War I from 1994 to 2014 and represents a continuation of a commented bibliography, which encompassed the period from 1918 to 1993. The time between 1994 and 2014 was characterised by enormous production and a shift of the contents from the »Yugoslav« themes, which had tailored the statehood remembrance after World War I; the decline of the World War I themes as the focus shifted to the historiographic examination of World War II; and the very diversified research in the last period. The central theme of the historical writings is the Soča/Isonzo Front, but not merely as a military process: the focus shifted on the level of the soldiers’ experience, gender studies, the role of the Church, fatalities among soldiers, and remembrance of World War I. All of these issues have been subjected to historical research as well.

scholarly journals Становлення професійного середовища пам'яткоохоронців в українських землях (друга половина ХІХ – початок ХХ ст.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Novak
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Culture Heritage

The article deals with the analysis of the main forms of scientific communication between the monumental-protection researches at the second half of 19th – early of 20th century. The background of grow of interests to the domestic historical and culture heritage are described. The role of the Archeological Congresses in Russian Empire in the researching and popularization of Ukrainian historical and culture heritage are defined. It is also shown at the different stages between the first Archeological Congress (1869) to the World War I. The significant role of Ukrainian historians in the process of verification of information about domestic monuments is proved. The conclusion is made that the grow of interests of public to monuments of previous epochs in this period are helped to institutionalization of monumental-protection activities and spread of systematic researches of historical and culture heritage of the Ukraine.

scholarly journals The role of Michael Pupin in solving of Serbian national question

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Mirko Grcic ◽  
Rajko Gnjato
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
World War I ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
World War ◽  
National Interests ◽  
American Citizen ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The University

Michael I. Pupin was a professor at the University of Columbia, member and the president of Academy of Science in New York; one of the esteemed members of USA National Academy of Science; member and president of many experts and scientific institutions and societies in the USA; member of State Council for Scientific Research by president of the USA during the World War I. Of the great importance for political geography and geopolitics was his activity in Paris during the Peace Conference after the World War I in 1919 also as his great contribution to establishment of state borders of Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians (later Yugoslavia), which helped those nations to establish their national borders at maximum level. Pupin claimed that he was Yugoslav patriot and American citizen. Role of M. Pupin in battle for national interests and Yugoslav borders after the World War I is shown in this article.

Art historical time in the works of Ivan Сankar

2019 ◽  
pp. 383-399
Author(s):  
Tatyana Chepelevskaya
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Episode ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Folk Poetry

In the article on the example of the work of the biggest Slovenian writer Ivan Cankar (1876-1918) the subject of art historical time is studied. It raises the question of the place and role of historical time in the literary texts whose authors use it to organize plot, characters and art space. I. Cankar, as a rule, does not give expanded descriptions of one or another significant event. The historic time is presented in his works in the form of digressions, in the memories of the characters. Sometimes it refers to very recent history, presciently anticipating the importance of a phenomenon for the destinies of individuals and of entire peoples. Such events form thematic nodes, motifs, storylines of his works. Three themes dominate in the prose of I. Cankar: the peasant uprising, the World War I, and the theme of exile. Many times would he address the plots and topics of folk poetry. However his view on it and on the important for the Slovene culture folklore and mythical characters sometimes differs a lot from the views of many of his contemporaries. This was specifically reflected in his work on the drama on peasant uprisings. He dedicates special attention to those periods of the national history that underwent sacralization in the folk consciousness (“The Golden Age”). His favorite creative method is the staging of a historical episode through folklore and folk mythology, among other, to its characters. For some historical processes (the exile) he introduces the topic of the rupture of a man from their homeland.

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