scholarly journals The activity of hemostatic and oxidative-reduction systems according to different classes of ulcer bleeding

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-463
Author(s):  
І.I. Dutka ◽  
F.V. Grynchuk
Keyword(s):  
Medication Management ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Ulcer Bleeding ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Conjugated Trienes ◽  
Forrest Classification ◽  
Hemostasis Factors ◽  
Classification Type

Haemostatic therapy of ulcer bleeding (UB) is based on activation of the coagulation system and depression of the fibrinolytic one. Though not so much attention is paid to the oxidation-reduction system. Aim of the study — To elaborate the recommendations on optimization of hemostatic therapy. Were examined 25 patients with UB. 4 patients were evaluated by Forrest classification, type ІВ, 5 – type ІІА, 6 — type ІІВ, and 10 — type ІІІС. Patients with type ІВ had endoscopic haemostasis procedures. All patients got a standard haemostatic complex. Two patients who were evaluated by Forrest classification type ІІА had bleeding recurrence. The following data was determined in blood plasma: fibrinolytic and proteolytic activity, fibrinase, antithrombin ІІІ, prothrombin index, isolated double bonds, diene conjugates, cetodienes and conjugated trienes, oxidation of neutral and alkaline proteins, malonic aldehyde, renew glutathione, catalase. Patients who were evaluated by Forrest classification type ІІА had both a disorder of redox system and hemostasis system balance, caused by a violation of synthesis of its factors. This contributes to the occurrence of bleeding recurrence. The results of redox system together with the criteria for hemostasis condition can be used to predict the recurrence of ulcer bleeding. Medicinal measures need to be adjusted, and antioxidants together with hepatoprotectors to be prescribed. So, patients with UB recurrence have an excessive activation of lipoperoxidation, low level of basic proteins, decrease in functional capacity of antioxidant mechanisms and hemostasis system imbalance, caused by a violation of synthesis of its factors, it is essential to take into account while predicting UB recurrence, and in case of UB one should add to the medication management those means that inhibit the activity of lipid oxidation and contribute to the restoration of synthesis processes of hemostasis factors. The prospect of further development is the assessment of the effectiveness of an optimized treatment complex.

EFFICACY OF ENDOSCOPIC HEMOCLIPS AND INTERMITTENT INTRAVENOUS PPI IN PEPTIC ULCER BLEEDING

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Van Huy Tran ◽  
Duy Lieu Dinh
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Ulcer Bleeding ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Bleeding ◽  
Forrest Classification

Background: Efficacy of continuous intravenous proton- pump inhibitors (IV PPI) and hemoclips alone was proved, but data about combination of an application of endoscopy clips and intermittent IV PPI in Vietnam was still limited. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of endoscopy hemoclip combined with intermittent IV PPI in the patients of peptic ulcer bleeding. Patients and methods: 34 patients diagnosed as peptic ulcer bleeding, having Forrest classification of Ia, Ib, IIa and IIb, were enrolled. Esomeprazole was administered as 80 mg IV bolus followed by intermittent IV injection of 40 mg/8h during 72h. Results: Immediate hemostasis was achieved in all 34 patients. Only 1 patient (2.9%) had early rebleeding. No severe complications was found in this study. Conclusion: Combination of endoscopy hemoclips and intermittent PPI showed effective, safe in patients of peptic ulcer bleeding. Key words: Peptic ulcer bleeding, intermittent PPI, endoscopy hemoclip

scholarly journals Reality and perspective of instrumental diagnostics hemostasis system functional state in critical medicine

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (4(2)) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
M. N. Shpisman ◽  
I. I. Tyutrin ◽  
V. V. Udut ◽  
Ye. G. Ripp ◽  
V. O. Sorokozsherdiyev
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Critical State ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Hemostasis Factors

In article to discuss diagnostic value of blood aggregate regulation system (BARS) and complexity of diagnostics, particularly, in critical state.Advantages and disadvantages of instrumental diagnostics technique were analyzed: thromboelastographia and lowfrequency piezoelectric hemocoagulographia of whole blood. Estimates new next-generation instrumental method of research - lowfrequency contact conductometry. This method permits to evaluate role blood plasma, cells hemostasis factors and wall of vessels in critical state BARS dysfunction.

scholarly journals Features of hemostasis before and long-term periods in patients after ovarian apoplexy

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
O.M. Ishak
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Fibrinolytic System ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Hemostasis System

The objective: to reveal the features of the parameters of the blood coagulation system in women in dynamics – from the acute period of ovarian apoplexy to the long-term postoperative period.Materials and methods. The study involved 82 women (main group, n=82), operated on for ovarian apoplexy, and 30 patients in the control group (n=30), who had no history of this pathology. All patients underwent a comprehensive examination using clinical, instrumental and laboratory research methods. The groups were homogeneous in age (average age was 26,1±2,3 years) and statistically comparable.Results. During the study, it was found that in the acute period of ovarian apoplexy, pathological changes were found in the plasma, vascular-platelet components and the fibrinolytic system of hemostasis, as evidenced by the lengthening of the thrombin time to 22,3±1,32 seconds, an increase in the concentration of fibrinogen to 6,73±0,64 g/l, SFMC up to 0,7±0,03 g/l and platelet hyperaggregation, stimulated by ADF, ristocetin and collagen, and reaching 80%. The extremely high content of D-dimer in the abdominal cavity in patients with ovarian apoplexy indicated increased thrombus formation in the damaged ovary, followed by activation of the fibrinolytic system and lysis of fibrin clots. Genetic thrombogenicity was found in general in 80,4% of patients, including those with a predominant lesion of the folate cycle enzymes - in every second patient.Positive dynamics with a tendency to normocoagulation was observed in the distant postoperative period. In the reference range were SFMC indices in 86,6% of cases, fibrinogen and thrombin time in 89,1% of cases, ristocetin-stimulated aggregatogram in 95,1% of cases (p<0,05).Conclusions. In women who underwent ovarian apoplexy, in the acute period of the disease, pathological changes in the vascular-platelet link of the hemostasis system were observed. The diagnosed thrombophilic disorders could lead to a deterioration in the rheological properties of blood, a violation of the processes of oxygenation and tissue trophism. The dynamic study of the hemostasis system in the acute and late postoperative periods of patients with ovarian apoplexy, as well as the data obtained on the prevalence of genetic thrombogenicity in the examined patients, should be taken into account when managing women from this risk group.

The conundrum of neonatal coagulopathy

Hematology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (1) ◽  
pp. 450-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoshana Revel-Vilk
Keyword(s):  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Primary Hemostasis ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
Hemostatic Disorders

Abstract The maturation and postnatal development of the human coagulation system was first studied and described more than 20 years ago. These older studies, supported by more recent data, confirm the significant and important differences in the physiology of coagulation and fibrinolysis in neonates and young children compared with older children and adults. Subsequently, significant differences were also described in the physiology of primary hemostasis and in global in vitro tests for hemostasis. These differences, which mostly reflect the immaturity of the neonatal hemostasis system, are functionally balanced. Healthy neonates show no signs of easy bruising or other bleeding diathesis and no increased tendency to thrombosis for any given stimulus compared with adults. Systemic diseases may affect hemostasis, predisposing ill neonates to increased hemorrhagic or thrombotic complications. The immaturity of the hemostasis system in preterm and very-low-birth-weight neonates may contribute to a higher risk for intraventricular hemorrhage. Therapies targeting the hemostasis system can be effective for preventing and treating these events. The concept of “neonatal coagulopathy” has an important impact on both the diagnosis and management of hemorrhagic or thrombotic events in neonates. For diagnosis of hemostasis disorders, diagnostic laboratories processing pediatric samples should use age-, analyzer-, and reagent-appropriate reference ranges. Age-specific guidelines should be followed for the management of neonates with hemostatic disorders.

scholarly journals APTT (Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time) dan (Prothrombin Time) pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangkaraya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Rinny Ardina ◽  
Fera Sartika ◽  
Lidya Prihatini Nainggolan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Management ◽  
Routine Coagulation

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a high risk of atherothrombotic events. Hyperglycemia and other metabolic disorders in T2DM are associated with abnormalities of hemostasis system and thrombosis that contribute to cardiovascular disease. Routine laboratory tests to examine the hemostasis system are Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) and Prothrombin Time (PT). This study aimed to describe the abnormalities of APTT and PT in patients with T2DM in RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangkaraya. Twenty subjects with T2DM in RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangkaraya were obtained using purposive sampling techniques and blood samples were examined with a COATX Biosystem coagulation using photocolorimetric method. This study found that was 70% APTT are shortened, 5% APTT are prolonged and 25% APTT were normal. While the PT results were 25% PT are shortened and 75% APTT were normal. Abnormalities of APTT and PT in T2DM patients in RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangkaraya showed an abnormality of the coagulation system so as to allow a tendency for bleeding and cardiovascular disease in T2DM patients. Routine coagulation test should be continued to help better diabetes mellitus management in order to prevent micro or macrovascular complications.

scholarly journals The ratio of erythrocyte populations in the blood of puppies during postnatal oxidative stress

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
M. Anfiorova ◽  
M. Broshkov ◽  
O. Danchuk
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Schiff Bases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Peroxide Oxidation ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Conjugated Trienes

The article presents new scientifi c data on the ratio of erythrocyte populations in puppies' blood during postnatal oxidative stress. It was established that the number of erythrocytes in the blood of one-day-old puppies was 5.64 ± 0.12 T / l, and half of these cells belonged to the population of "mature", 40% - "young" and 10% - "old". In day-old puppies, the content of lipid peroxidation products in erythrocyte hemolysates is quite high, which indicates the development of postnatal oxidative stress. Thus, the content of diene conjugates, ketodienes and Schiff bases is respectively 1,406 ± 0,023 Conv. units, 0.676 ± 0.004 Conv. units and 0.135 ± 0.003 Conv. units. From one to fi ve days age of puppies the number of erythrocytes in the blooddecrease by 1.5 times (p<0.001), mainly due to the decrease in the number of "mature" cells (by 1.6 times; p<0.001). The intensity of peroxide oxidation in the body of puppies even a month after birth is relatively high, as indicated by the content of Schiff bases in the erythrocytes of the blood of these animals - 0.185 ± 0.002 Conv.units. The inverse correlations of the content of Schiff bases in erythrocyte hemolysate with their number in the bloodstream were found to be r = -0.83 (p<0.001). It should also be noted the direct correlation of the content of diene conjugates in the blood of puppies with the number of erythrocytes in their blood (r = 0,58 p <0,05), but the content of ketodienes and conjugated trienes is inversely related to the content of "young" erythroid cells in the puppies' blood (r = -0.57 p <0.05). Consequently, post-natal adaptation of puppies results in the replacement of fetal erythrocytes by postnatal cells, and this process is associated with the intensifi cation of peroxide oxidation and accumulation of the end products of peroxidationin the cells. This process isaccompanied by an acceleration of the process of "aging" of young forms of erythrocytes, as a result of which prerequisites for the development of anemiaare created. Key words: erythrocytes, oxidative stress, puppies, Schiff bases, ketodienes, diene conjugates.

MODERN PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT OF WOMEN WITH ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE BLOOD COAGULATION SYSTEM STATE

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
O. A. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Blood Coagulation System ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Primary Hemostasis

Abnormal uterine bleeding in women of childbearing potential requires effective emergency care. To determine the features of disorders in the hemostasis system, 120 women were directly examined at the time of bleeding on admission to the hospital, during treatment on days 5−7 of the menstrual cycle, as well as after 6−12 months from the end of treatment. Determination of congenital and acquired defects of the hemostasis system became the main criterion for the selection of combined and isolated forms of abnormal uterine bleeding. Treatment measures for patients were etiopathogenetically selected and individually the intensity of bleeding, the degree of anemia, coagulation parameters were taken into account. The staged treatment involved stopping the bleeding, regulating the menstrual cycle and further preventing the bleeding. It has been found that uterine bleeding in reproductive age in the absence of etiopathogenetic treatment leads to the development of posthemorrhagic anemia. The severity and nature of bleeding is determined by the presence of defects in the platelet system of the hemostasis system with impaired platelet aggregation function. The study of total coagulation potential, primary hemostasis and the state of intravascular hemocoagulation in the patients using the methods for estimating the amount of platelet aggregation allows to detect and differentiate disorders in the hemostasis system. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that the use of fibrinolysis inhibitors in the patients with abnormal uterine bleeding helps to increase the activity of the blood coagulation system and complete cessation of bleeding on the 2nd−5th day. Prophylactic administration of antifibrinolytic drugs from the first day of the menstrual cycle reduces blood loss, stabilizes menstrual function and significantly improves the psycho−emotional state of patients. Key words: abnormal uterine bleeding, blood clotting, fibrinolysis inhibitors.

scholarly journals Modern view on hemostasis system: cell theory

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
I. V. Schastlivtsev ◽  
K. V. Lobastov ◽  
S. N. Tsaplin ◽  
D. S. Mkrtychev
Keyword(s):  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Cascade Model ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Cell Theory ◽  
Cascade Theory ◽  
Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Thrombin Generation Assay

For many years, there has been no model capable of explaining the complex processes of interaction between various bloodclotting factors leading to a stop of bleeding. One of the most successful models able to partially reflect the mechanisms of hemostasis for a long time was the cascade theory. The cascade model perfectly explains the processes occurring during coagulation in vitro, but was completely inadequate in attempts to evaluate the processes occurring in vivo. A significant drawback of the cascade model is the impossibility to trace the interaction of cells carrying the tissue factor, platelets and plasma coagulation factors on their surface, since these conditions cannot be imitated. The cell theory, which has replaced the cascade theory, pays attention not only to the interaction of plasma coagulation factors, but also takes into account the role of platelets as important participants of coagulation processes. It is based on a four-stage reaction cascade that includes the following stages: initiation, amplification, propagation, and termination.The cell theory of hemostasis is able to reflect the complex process of interaction of all the links of hemostasis and answer questions related to the problems in patients with disorders of the coagulation system. The cell theory of hemostasis allows to reflect more precisely the processes of hemostasis in vivo and to interpret correctly the results of tests and pathophysiological mechanisms of disorders of the coagulation system. Global tests (thrombin generation assay, thromboelastography, thrombodynamics) used for hemostasis system evaluation are more complimentary with cell theory of hemostasis.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress in women with insomnia in different stages of menopause

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
L I Kolesnikova ◽  
N V Semenova ◽  
E I Solodova ◽  
I M Madaeva
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Perimenopausal Women ◽  
Conjugated Trienes ◽  
Integral Indicator

Aim. To investigate of a lipid peroxidation (LPO) process and the antioxidant defense system (ADS) in peri- and postmenopausal women with insomnia. Subjects and methods. 47 perimenopausal women and 71 postmenopausal ones were examined. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups: 1) individuals with insomnia and 2) controls. LPO-ADS spectrophotometric studies were used in the investigation. Results. There was an increase in the serum levels of ketodienes and conjugated trienes and a decrease in those of α-tocopherol and retinol in postmenopause versus in perimenopause. In insomnia, there was a rise in the level of ketodienes and conjugated trienes in perimenopause; LPO substrates with conjugated double bonds, diene conjugates, and thiobarbituric acid-active products in postmenopause. The indicators of ADS do not differ from those in the controls. The integral indicator of oxidative stress assessment suggests that there is a LPO-ADS imbalance in the menopausal women with insomnia, which is most pronounced in postmenopause. Conclusion. The findings suggest that the patients with insomnia develop oxidative stress that is more marked in postmenopause.

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