Aplikasi Simple Hand Washing Station terhadap Perilaku Cuci Tangan dalam Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19 di Desa Dilem Kecamatan Kepanjen

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic that is now a global threat where this virus causes many people to die every day in various countries, one of which is Indonesia, this disease is caused by SARS-CoV-2. The many impacts caused by COVID-19 make Simple Handwashing Station (SHS) one of the prevention efforts that can build proper handwashing behavior. Based on the results of research conducted from 13-18 April 2020 which is divided into 4 strategic points in Dilem Village. This study uses a Quasi-experimental research design with a One Group Pre Post-test design approach with a sample of residents of Dilem Village precisely RT 5 and 6 RW 1 Lemah Dhuwur. The analysis technique uses Paired Sample T-Test with the results that show that there is an influence of the application of simple handwashing station on the proper handwashing behavior of the residents of Dilem Village with a P-value <0.05, based on these results it can be concluded that there is an effect of the application of simple hand washing station for handwashing behavior in preventing COVID-19 transmission in Dilem Village Kepanjen District, with this result it is expected to be able to add a simple handwashing station in several other strategic points in Dilem Village in COVID-19 prevention.

Cover, Content, and Editorial Note from Borneo J Med Lab Tech Vol. 3 No. 2 April 2021

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamin. After a long wait for almost 12 years from the first stand, finally the scientific journal of the Department of Analyst Health (Medical Laboratory Technology) Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya can be published. BJMLT published every 6 months (2 issues/year) every October and April. The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field but not limited to Blood transfusion, Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, Histopathology, Immunology, Microbiology, Parasitology, Toxicology, Food and Beverage Analysis, Molecular Biology, Medical Biology, and related fields that are of interest to medical laboratory technologies, such as epidemiology, health promotion, professional ethics, and laboratory management, It was first published online in October 2018 using Open Journal System (OJS) 3.1 platform with e-ISSN 2622-6111 by URL http://journal.umpalangkaraya.ac.id/index.php/bjmlt.This edition contains 7 articles consisting of Hematology, Microbiology, Clinical Chemistry, and epidemiology topics. Editorial boards are fully aware that there is still room for improvement in this edition, hence with all humility willing to accept constructive suggestions and feedback for improvements to the publication for the next editions.The publication of BJMLT certainly participates in disseminating the results of research and review of science and technology development conducted by lecturers and researchers from UM Palangkaraya and other universities.The editorial board would like to thank the University, all editors and reviewers, and contributors of the scientific articles who have provided the repertoire in this issue. We hope that all parties, especially the contributors of the articles, could re-participate for the success of the publication in the next edition in October 2021. Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.

Modifikasi Larutan Buah Bit (Beta vulgaris l.) sebagai Alternatif Pengganti Zat Warna Eosin 2% pada Pemeriksaan Telur Cacing STH (Soil Transmitted Helminths)

Helminthiasis is one of the infections caused by parasites. World Health Organization (WHO) data in 2018 reported 24% of the world's population was infected by Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH). Worms of this group need soil to be in their infective stage. Eosin 2% is a stain used in the examination of worm eggs. Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) is one of the plants widely used as a natural dye. Beetroot contains betacyanin which produces red pigment. This study aimed to identify the feasibility of beetroot as a substitute for eosin to stain worm eggs. This research was true experimental with a static group comparison design. The results showed that the concentration of beetroot solution proportional to the quality of 2% eosin is with a concentration of 95%. Beetroot solution produces color quality with a contrasting background so that the morphology of eggs can be clearly observed. Beetroot extract lasts for 7-day storage at cold temperature.

Review: Perbedaan Kadar Hemoglobin Menggunakan Hematologi Analyzer dan Spektrofotometer pada Ibu Hamil

Hemoglobin is the main component of red blood cells, a conjugated protein that functions to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide. Hemoglobin examination can be done using a hematology analyzer and spectrophotometry. This study aims to determine the data analysis whether there is a difference in hemoglobin levels using a hematology analyzer and spectrophotometry in pregnant women. The method used is Literature Review; the nature of this research is descriptive. The population of this research is health journals that have been through screening, namely journals of differences in hemoglobin levels using a hematology analyzer and spectrophotometry in pregnant women. In this study, the data used are secondary data and data analysis using qualitative data. The results of the evaluation of the study by the Literature Review with hemoglobin levels in pregnant women at Hermina Hospital, Surakarta, showed that the average hemoglobin level of 30 samples of pregnant women using a hematology analyzer was below normal, namely 10.3 gr/dL and normal hemoglobin level is 12.80 gr/dL. The hemoglobin level using spectrophotometry and hematology analyzer on the sample was immediately checked, the results of the hemoglobin levels were 12.98 gr/dL and 11.70 g/dL, respectively. The hemoglobin level showed that the average hemoglobin before being given Fe-Folate with orange water was 11.71 g/dL. The conclusion of this study is the difference in hemoglobin levels is not much different, so there is no difference between the spectrophotometry and the hematology analyzer

Hubungan Jumlah Eritrosit dan Hitung Jenis Leukosit pada Masyarakat dengan Paparan Polutan Tinggi di Desa Tambak Mulyo Kota Semarang

Lead (Pb) and carbon monoxide (CO) are gas components in airborne pollutants due to vehicle fumes or industrial exhaust gases that affect the blood, namely shortening the life span of erythrocytes produced in erythropoiesis. In addition, small pollutants can be inhaled and enter the alveoli and then phagocytosis and trigger the release of mediators, namely leukocyte cells, which can cause inflammation. This study aims to determine the correlation between the erythrocytes count and differential leucocyte count of the Tambak Mulyo village community, Semarang City. This research was a cross-sectional analytic study of primary data using 20 blood samples, carried out by the erythrocytes count and differential leucocyte count tests. The examination results showed that the average erythrocytes count in all samples was 5.25 million cells/mm3 with a percentage of the normal erythrocytes count is 45.00%, and a high of erythrocytes count is 55.0%. On the test of the differential leucocyte count, 4 samples are obtained with specific values. Normal leukocytes and as many as 16 samples experienced an increase and decrease in the differential leucocyte count. The chi-square test shows Asymp.Sig> 0.05, which means there is no correlation between variables, so it can be concluded that there is no significant correlation between the erythrocytes count and differential leucocyte count (lymphocytes, basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes) in the community with exposure to high pollutants in Tambak Mulyo village, Semarang City.

Analisis Kadar Rhodamin B pada Terasi yang Diperjualbelikan di Pasar Belik Kabupaten Pemalang

Terasi is a cooking spice made from fermented shrimp and is often found in the market. It is relatively affordable and easy to find, so people flavor it as a flavor enhancer for their food. The abuse of Rhodamine B as a Food Additive (BTP) in terasi is often done by the producers. This study aimed to analyze the Rhodamine B content in the terasi sold at the Pasar Belik, Pemalang Regency. The study was conducted in a descriptive observational manner where the sample was analyzed qualitatively, and if the result were positive, it would be followed by quantitative. The study was conducted in December 2020. Rhodamine B content in terasi was analyzed by univariate test. Qualitative analysis was carried out by chemical methods using 10% NaOH, Petroleum Ether, and 10% HCl. The qualitative analysis of 7 samples of shrimp paste sold at the Belik Market in Pemalang Regency were all negative and did not contain Rhodamine B. Shrimp samples that were bought and sold at the Pasar Belik in Pemalang Regency showed that they were free from Rhodamine B.

Daya Hambat Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmanni) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Kultur Darah Widal Positif Anggota Familia Enterobacteriaceae

Cinnamon has a high activity of antibacterial. Still, the antibacterial effect toward the bacteria on the positive Widal blood culture of Enterobacteriaceae family members was not clear yet. This research aimed to find out the inhibition of cinnamon on the growth of bacterium on the positive Widal blood culture of Enterobacteriaceae family members. The method used in the research was experimental research which was using the draw well method and using Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Serratia marcescens, and Enterobacter cloacae bacteria samples. Cinnamon as a test solution with a 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% concentrate. The research result was showed the inhibiting zone was able to form on the Nutrient Agar Plate (NAP) on growth of the Enterobacteriaceae, 10% concentrate that high sensitive showed to S. typhi, Ser. marcescens, E. cloacae, E.coli, and Kleb. pneumonia squent was 12 mm, 11 mm, 11 mm, 10 mm, and 8,5 mm. At the same time, 8%, 6%, 4%, and 2% concentrate of cinnamon could not perform inhibition zone 100 µl of the test solution with chloramphenicol as a positive control.

Pengaruh Variasi Suhu dan Lama Penyimpanan terhadap Viabilitas Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) dan Nilai pH Yoghurt

Consuming yogurt indicates the increasing public awareness of healthy lifestyles has led many people to consume yogurt. Yogurt is a fermented milk product by adding pasteurized skim milk concentrate and adding lactic acid bacteria culture. L. casei is the bacterial culture commonly used in the production of yogurt, which has a role in breaking down lactose into lactic acid. To maintain its quality, yogurt is generally stored at a low temperature. However, there are still many business actors who only store it in a cool box or even at room temperature. The purpose of this study was to describe the viability of LAB and the effect of variations in temperature and storage time on the viability of LAB and pH value of yogurt. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments in the form of variations in storage temperature, namely 5°C, 15°C, and 25°C, each treatment temperature was stored for 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks. This study was conducted in December 2020. The results showed that the highest viability value (289x106 CFU/mL) of lactic acid bacteria in yogurt was obtained at 5°C with two weeks of storage. Yogurt's pH value is influenced by temperature and storage time; the higher the temperature and storage time, the causes the yogurt's pH value decreases. The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that the highest viability of LAB was obtained at 5°C with a shelf life of two weeks, while the best pH value of yogurt was achieved at 5°C for one week.

Review: Effect of Red Cabbage Juice (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata f. Rubra) on SGPT Level

Red cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata f. Rubra) is a vegetable widely used in Indonesian cuisine. Red cabbage is rich in anthocyanins to reduce SGPT levels in drug-induced liver injury (DILI). This study aims to determine the effect of red cabbage juice on SGPT levels in acetaminophen-induced liver injury. In this post-test, only the control group study, male Wistar rats (300g), were randomly divided into 5 groups (K1-K2-K3-K4-K5). Acetaminophen was given to induce liver injury in rats. The rats were treated with the cabbage juice (at the dose of 0.5g/ml or 0.7g/ml or 0.9g/ ml. Data were analyzed using One way ANOVA and LSD post hoc test. Mean SGPT levels for K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 was 58.43 ± 7.18 UI / L, 71.20 ± 9.13 UI/L, 55.73 ± 9.51 UI / L, 72.80 ± 3.47 UI /L, 72.63 ± 3.01 UI /L, respectively. One way ANOVA resulted in p=0.00 (p <0.05). The post hoc LSD test showed significant differences (P <0.05) between all groups except between groups K1-K3, K2-K4, and K2-K5 (p> 0.05). Red cabbage juice can reduce SGPT in acetaminophen-induced liver injury in rats. The most effective dose was 0.5 g/ml.

Review: Gambaran Nikotin pada Perokok Pasif di Kabupaten Tulungagung

Passive smokers do not have a smoking habit but inhale cigarette smoke exhaled by those around them who smoke. Exposure to cigarette smoke, one of which nicotine, can trigger harmful substances to the body. This study aimed to analyze the presence or absence of nicotine in passive smokers in Tulungagung Regency. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a sample of 30 urine of passive smokers. The results of the examination showed negative nicotine (93%) with the criteria of the female sex (77%), 11-20 years old (20%), 11-20 years of exposure (37%), and the level of elementary school education (37%). Respondents who were positive for nicotine were 2 people (7%) with characteristics of male sex (7%), aged 31-40 years (7%), long exposure for 31-40 years (7%), and level education of elementary school and junior high school (3.3%). This study concludes that nicotine negative respondents (93%). Nicotine is hazardous for the health of passive smokers. The longer exposure to cigarette smoke, the higher the nicotine content in the body so that the body's nicotine content can be detected. People are advised to use masks and avoid exposure to cigarette smoke too often to prevent the entry of harmful substances into the body