Forecasting Paratransit Ridership Using Discrete Choice Models with Explicit Consideration of Availability

1998 ◽  
Vol 1618 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Benjamin ◽  
Shinya Kurauchi ◽  
Takayuki Morikawa ◽  
Amalia Polydoropoulou ◽  
Kuniaki Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choice Model ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Mode Share ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
Reservation System ◽  
The Impact

In most developed countries, the population of the elderly and disabled is growing rapidly. These individuals require transportation service suited to their needs. Such service may be provided by applying emerging technologies to dial-a-ride transit. This research develops a methodology to quantitatively evaluate the impact of paratransit services on a traveler’s mode choice behavior. The mode choice model explicitly considers availability of alternative modes and includes latent factors to account for taste heterogeneity. Stated preferences are also used to elicit preferences for new paratransit services. The methodology is empirically tested with data collected in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. The model system developed is applied to evaluate the effect of improving service attributes and the impact of the introduction of new cost-effective modes on modal shares. Results of the policy analysis indicate that ( a) transit policy changes, such as fare reduction, would have little effect on automobile driver and automobile passenger shares; ( b) an improved reservation system for dial-a-ride services would produce shifts in mode share; ( c) the proposed new bus deviation service was favored; ( d) free bus service reduces dial-a-ride share; and ( e) an increase in awareness of a dial-a-ride system would significantly increase its share.

The Impact of Zoning and Built Environment Characteristics on Transit, Biking, and Walking

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-129
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Mueller ◽  
Daniel J. Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Land Use Regulation ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Impact

This study furthers existing research on the link between the built environment and travel behavior, particularly mode choice (auto, transit, biking, walking). While researchers have studied built environment characteristics and their impact on mode choice, none have attempted to measure the impact of zoning on travel behavior. By testing the impact of land use regulation in the form of zoning restrictions on travel behavior, this study expands the literature by incorporating an additional variable that can be changed through public policy action and may help cities promote sustainable real estate development goals. Using a unique, high-resolution travel survey dataset from Denver, Colorado, we develop a multinomial discrete choice model that addresses unobserved travel preferences by incorporating sociodemographic, built environment, and land use restriction variables. The results suggest that zoning can be tailored by cities to encourage reductions in auto usage, furthering sustainability goals in transportation.

scholarly journals Anti-meningococcal B vaccination in Italian adolescents: a cost-effective health opportunity

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Panatto ◽  
P Landa ◽  
D Amicizia ◽  
P L Lai ◽  
E Lecini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dose Schedule ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
International Setting ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Invasive disease due to Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) is a serious public health problem even in developed countries, owing to its high lethality rate (8-15%) and the invalidating sequelae suffered by many (up to 60%) survivors. As the microorganism is transmitted via the airborne route, the only available weapon in the fight against Nm invasive disease is vaccination. Our aim was to carry out an HTA to evaluate the costs and benefits of anti-meningococcal B (MenB) vaccination with Trumenba® in adolescents in Italy, while also considering the impact of this new vaccination strategy on organizational and ethics aspects. Methods A lifetime Markov model was developed. MenB vaccination with the two-dose schedule of Trumenba® in adolescents was compared with 'non-vaccination'. Two perspectives were considered: the National Health Service (NHS) and society. Three disease phases were defined: acute, post-acute and long-term. Epidemiological, economic and health utilities data were taken from Italian and international literature. The analysis was conducted by means of Microsoft Excel 2010®. Results Our study indicated that vaccinating adolescents (11th year of life) with Trumenba® was cost-effective with an ICER = € 7,912/QALY from the NHS perspective and € 7,758/QALY from the perspective of society. Vaccinating adolescents reduces the number of cases of disease due to meningococcus B in one of the periods of highest incidence of the disease, resulting in significant economic and health savings. Conclusions This is the first study to evaluate the overall impact of free MenB vaccination in adolescents both in Italy and in the international setting. Although cases of invasive disease due to meningococcus B are few, if the overall impact of the disease is adequately considered, it becomes clear that including anti-meningococcal B vaccination into the immunization program for adolescents is strongly recommended from the health and economic standpoints. Key messages Free, large-scale MenB vaccination is key to strengthening the global fight against invasive meningococcal disease. Anti-meningococcal B vaccination in adolescents is a cost-effective health opportunity.

scholarly journals Do millennials value travel time differently because of productive multitasking? A revealed-preference study of Northern California commuters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliaksandr Malokin ◽  
Giovanni Circella ◽  
Patricia L. Mokhtarian
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Revealed Preference ◽  
Northern California ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Impact

AbstractMillennials, the demographic cohort born in the last two decades of the twentieth century, are reported to adopt information and communication technologies (ICTs) in their everyday lives, including travel, to a greater extent than older generations. As ICT-driven travel-based multitasking influences travelers’ experience and satisfaction in various ways, millennials are expected to be affected at a greater scale. Still, to our knowledge, no previous studies have specifically focused on the impact of travel multitasking on travel behavior and the value of travel time (VOTT) of young adults. To address this gap, we use an original dataset collected among Northern California commuters (N = 2216) to analyze the magnitude and significance of individual and household-level factors affecting commute mode choice. We estimate a revealed-preference mode choice model and investigate the differences between millennials and older adults in the sample. Additionally, we conduct a sensitivity analysis to explore how incorporation of explanatory factors such as attitudes and propensity to multitask while traveling in mode choice models affects coefficient estimates, VOTT, and willingness to pay to use a laptop on the commute. Compared to non-millennials, the mode choice of millennials is found to be less affected by socio-economic characteristics and more strongly influenced by the activities performed while traveling. Young adults are found to have lower VOTT than older adults for both in-vehicle (15.0% less) and out-of-vehicle travel time (15.7% less), and higher willingness to pay (in time or money) to use a laptop, even after controlling for demographic traits, personal attitudes, and the propensity to multitask. This study contributes to better understanding the commuting behavior of millennials, and the factors affecting it, a topic of interest to transportation researchers, planners, and practitioners.

scholarly journals Mode choice analysis using discrete choice model from transport user (Case study: Jakarta LRT, Indonesia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Dwi Novi Wulansari ◽  
Milla Dwi Astari
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Choice Models ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Choice Analysis ◽  
Mode Choice Model

Jakarta Light Rail Transit (Jakarta LRT) has been planned to be built as one of mass rail-based public transportation system in DKI Jakarta. The objective of this paper is to obtain a mode choice models that can explain the probability of choosing Jakarta LRT, and to estimate the sensitivity of mode choice if the attribute changes. Analysis of the research conducted by using discrete choice models approach to the behavior of individuals. Choice modes were observed between 1) Jakarta LRT and TransJakarta Bus, 2) Jakarta LRT and KRL-Commuter Jabodetabek. Mode choice model used is the Binomial Logit Model. The research data obtained through Stated Preference (SP) techniques. The model using the attribute influences such as tariff, travel time, headway and walking time. The models obtained are reliable and validated. Based on the results of the analysis shows that the most sensitive attributes affect the mode choice model is the tariff.

scholarly journals The Impact of Employer Attitude to Green Commuting Plans on Reducing Car Driving: A Mixed Method Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Ding ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Yaoyu Lin ◽  
Yaowu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Car Ownership ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Employer Attitudes ◽  
The Impact

Reducing car trips and promoting green commuting modes are generally considered important solutions to reduce the increase of energy consumption and transportation CO2 emissions. One potential solution for alleviating transportation CO2 emissions has been to identify a role for the employer through green commuter programs. This paper offers an approach to assess the effects of employer attitudes towards green commuting plans on commuter mode choice and the intermediary role car ownership plays in the mode choice decision process. A mixed method which extends the traditional discrete choice model by incorporating latent variables and mediating variables with a structure equation model was used to better understand the commuter mode choice behaviour. The empirical data were selected from Washington-Baltimore Regional Household Travel Survey in 2007-2008, including all the trips from home to workplace during the morning hours. The model parameters were estimated using the simultaneous estimation approach and the integrated model turns out to be superior to the traditional multinomial logit (MNL) model accounting for the impact of employer attitudes towards green commuting. The direct and indirect effects of socio-demographic attributes and employer attitudes towards green commuting were estimated. Through the structural equation modelling with mediating variable, this approach confirmed the intermediary nature of car ownership in the choice process. The results found in this paper provide helpful information for transportation and planning policymakers to test the transportation and planning policies effects and encourage green commuting reducing transportation CO2 emissions.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis on Residents’ Reservation Willingness for Bus Service Based on Option Price

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Zheng ◽  
Tomio Miwa
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Option Price ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
City Size ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
Bus Services

Population decline is a pressing issue facing Japan and other developed countries. Local governments in Japan are seeking solutions to insure they meet the daily travel demands of the elderly. Although subsidy for local bus companies is a highly practical policy, a careful investigation to determine its reasonable level is required. This paper investigates the option price of local bus services, that is, the willingness of residents to pay to maintain the services and attempts to gain insights on a reasonable level of subsidy for local bus companies. A comparative analysis among age groups and different city size groups was made. The result showed that elderly residents show a higher option price value than younger and middle-age residents.

scholarly journals Exploring the Influence of Attitudes to Walking and Cycling on Commute Mode Choice Using a Hybrid Choice Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Ding ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Jinxiao Duan ◽  
Yingrong Lu ◽  
Jianxun Cui
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Travel Mode ◽  
Travel Mode Choice ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hybrid Choice Model

Transport-related problems, such as automobile dependence, traffic congestion, and greenhouse emissions, lead to a great burden on the environment. In developing countries like China, in order to improve the air quality, promoting sustainable travel modes to reduce the automobile usage is gradually recognized as an emerging national concern. Though there are many studies related to the physically active modes (e.g., walking and cycling), the research on the influence of attitudes to active modes on travel behavior is limited, especially in China. To fill up this gap, this paper focuses on examining the impact of attitudes to walking and cycling on commute mode choice. Using the survey data collected in China cities, an integrated discrete choice model and the structural equation model are proposed. By applying the hybrid choice model, not only the role of the latent attitude played in travel mode choice, but also the indirect effects of social factors on travel mode choice are obtained. The comparison indicates that the hybrid choice model outperforms the traditional model. This study is expected to provide a better understanding for urban planners on the influential factors of green travel modes.

Modeling Mode Choice of Air Passengers’ Ground Access to Brisbane Airport

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (11) ◽  
pp. 756-767
Author(s):  
Md Mosabbir Pasha ◽  
Mark D. Hickman ◽  
Carlo G. Prato
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Mixed Logit ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Stated Preferences ◽  
Value Of Time ◽  
Access Mode

Like other developed countries, Australia is experiencing considerable growth in air travel demand. This growth is putting tremendous pressure on airports to improve the capacity and level of service of access and egress modes. The main goal of this study was to develop a robust mode choice model for passengers’ access to airports, in the context of Brisbane, Australia. The novelty of this study includes (1) the use of recent techniques to combine passengers’ revealed and stated preferences for mode of access to airports and (2) the development of both traditional multinomial logit (MNL) as well as mixed logit (MXL) models using these data. The data were collected from 1,435 passengers through an online survey of both revealed and stated preferences, with the stated preferences pivoting on their most recent trip to Brisbane Airport. With these data, access mode choice models were estimated. MNL and MXL models were estimated that directly considered the effects of passenger mode choice inertia as well as novel passenger-specific characteristics. These factors had a large, statistically significant effect on the estimated models. The benefit of the MXL model was shown in the results, as the passengers’ value of time from the MXL model was A$105.15/h, which was strikingly lower than the MNL-estimated value of time. In addition, there were notably high direct elasticities for bus and shuttle with respect to travel time, and for car and taxi with respect to travel cost.

Discrete Choice Elasticities for Elderly and Disabled Travelers Between Fixed-Route Transit and Paratransit

1998 ◽  
Vol 1623 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel P. Franklin ◽  
Debbie A. Niemeier
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mode Choice Modeling ◽  
Significant Factors

In the current practice of mode-choice modeling, models typically focus on the more traditional choices, such as those between automobile, transit, and nonmotorized transportation. For most travelers these are, indeed, the most relevant modes. However, for some segments of the population, particularly the elderly, the choice is more limited. This study investigates the factors that affect the elderly and disabled travelers’ choice between public transit and paratransit. Data collected from the public transit service, Sacramento Regional Transit, and the paratransit service, Paratransit, Inc., in Sacramento, California, were used to develop a mode-choice model and to calculate elasticities of significant factors. Age was found to have an elastic effect, whereas the difference in fare had an inelastic effect.

scholarly journals The Impact of Perception toward the Built Environment in Airport Access Mode Choice Using Hybrid Choice Modeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Yazdanpanah ◽  
Mansour Hadji Hosseinlou
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Access Mode ◽  
Airport Access ◽  
The Impact

Built environment (BE), as an objective variable, plays a substantial role in urban residents’ behavior. However, the perception toward a BE, as a subjective variable, varies among people. To identify the role of perception toward BE, we used a stated preference (SP) survey conducted in January–February 2015 at the Imam Khomeini International Airport (IKIA), Tehran, Iran. The data was drawn from 641 individuals; 359 of them were residents of Tehran. For the estimation of the model, a hybrid discrete choice model was used to capture the latent variable, in addition to mode attributes and trip conditions, with 1795 SP observations. Psychometric questions concerned the perception of ease in access to main streets or highways and good traffic conditions within their residential areas. The results showed that the latent variable (positive perception toward built environment or PBE) had a significant positive effect on people’s willingness to park at the airport. Moreover, the gender, age, marital status, level of education, experience living in a foreign country, and income level also influenced the formation of perception toward the BE and airport transportation mode choice.

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