Calibration of Performance Models for Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements Using Long-Term Pavement Performance Database

1998 ◽  
Vol 1629 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Bustos ◽  
Hernáan E. De Solminihac ◽  
Michael I. Darter ◽  
Andres Caroca ◽  
Juan Pablo Covarrubias
Keyword(s):  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Performance Models ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Transverse Cracking ◽  
Global Calibration ◽  
Regional Factors

A methodology for calibrating performance models for jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP) is presented; it is based on statistical analysis of data from the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) database. The methodology provides calibration factors to pavements in four climatic regions (dry-freeze, dry-nonfreeze, wet-freeze, and wet-nonfreeze) for the JPCP performance models in HDM-4: joint faulting, transverse cracking, joint spalling, and roughness. The procedure allows calculation of global calibration factors, which does not affect significantly the quality of the prediction compared with the quality achieved through the use of regional factors.

Transverse Cracking Distress in Long-Term Pavement Performance Jointed Concrete Pavement Sections

1998 ◽  
Vol 1629 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Moody
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Joint Spacing ◽  
Transverse Cracking ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Jointed Concrete Pavement

Transverse cracking is one of the more common distress manifestations in jointed concrete pavements. While the extent of transverse cracking is largely related to the specified joint spacing, there are several other primary design variables and distress mechanisms that can cause varying degrees of transverse cracking. These primary mechanisms and their associated variables are well-documented in the literature. However, all of these mechanisms often work on the pavement simultaneously over many years and, as a result, it has historically been difficult to calibrate prediction models with field data. The Strategic Highway Research Program’s Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) program has collected a significant amount of condition survey data on more than 110 jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP) and 65 jointed reinforced concrete pavements (JRCP) throughout North America over the last 7 years. The occurrence of transverse cracking in these sections is one of the principal distresses documented in the condition surveys and therefore provides an excellent data source for examining the relationships between the various primary distress mechanisms and the actual occurrence of distress in the field. Although it is premature to develop or calibrate purely “mechanistic” models based on the LTPP data, enough data have been collected to begin analyzing this distress and its association with the numerous prediction variables in the LTPP database. A complete analysis of the transverse cracking that has occurred in these LTPP test sections, along with their respective relationships with the primary prediction variables found in the primary distress mechanisms, is provided.

Analytical procedures for evaluating factors that affect joint faulting for jointed plain concrete pavements using the Long-Term Pavement Performance database

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1279-1286
Author(s):  
Jong-Suk Jung ◽  
Emmanuel B Owusu-Antwi ◽  
Ji-Hwan An
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Classification And Regression ◽  
Design And Construction

The objective of this study was to identify and quantify design and construction features most important to joint faulting of joint plain concrete pavements. With data obtained from the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) database, an analysis approach that combined pavement engineering expertise and modern data analysis techniques was to develop guidelines for improved design and construction of Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement. The approach included typical preliminary analyses, but emphasis was placed on using a series of multivariate data analysis techniques. Discriminant analysis was used to develop models that classify individual pavement into performance groups developed by cluster analysis, which was used to partition the pavements into three distinct groups representing good, normal, and poor performance. These models can be used to classify and evaluate additional or new pavements performance throughout the pavement's design life. To quantify the levels of the key design and construction features that contribute to performance, the classification and regression tree procedure was used to develop tree-based models for performance measure. The analysis approach described was used to develop the guideline on the key design and construction features that can be used by designers to decrease joint faulting of jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCPs).Key words: faulting, Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP), jointed plain concrete pavement (JPCP), cluster analysis, discriminant analysis, classification and regression tree (CART) analysis.

Performance evaluation of jointed plain concrete pavements with sealed and unsealed joints in North Texas

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 601-608
Author(s):  
Mena I. Souliman ◽  
Ashish Tripathi ◽  
Lubinda F. Walubita ◽  
Mayzan M. Isied
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
North Texas ◽  
Pavement Distress ◽  
Initial Cost ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Cost Of Construction

Joint sealing in jointed plain concrete pavement (JPCP) has been practiced throughout the world for many years as it improves the performance of concrete pavements. The infiltration of water is a common problem in concrete pavements and often increases distresses, such as faulting and pumping. For this reason, sealing the joints can help reduce water infiltration. Additionally, the infiltration of sand and small stones, aggregates, or debris into the joints can also be prevented, consequently reducing joint spalling in concrete pavements. However, it is also reported that joint sealing increases the initial cost of construction, especially if the joints need to be resealed, which leads to some additional costs. In this study, the pavement distress data was collected from the long-term pavement performance (LTPP) database for all the JPCPs sections in North Texas. The study illustrates the relative field performance in terms of spalling, faulting, roughness, and deflections of JPCP sections for both sealed and unsealed LTPP sections of North Texas.

New Long-Life Concrete Pavements in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohuslav Slánský ◽  
Vit Šmilauer ◽  
Jiří Hlavatý ◽  
Richard Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Isothermal Calorimetry ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Hydration Kinetics

A jointed plain concrete pavement represents a reliable, historically proven technical solution for highly loaded roads, highways, airports and other industrial surfaces. Excellent resistance to permanent deformations (rutting) and also durability and maintenance costs play key roles in assessing the economic benefits, rehabilitation plans, traffic closures, consumption and recycling of materials. In the history of concrete pavement construction, slow-to-normal hardening Portland cement was used in Czechoslovakia during the 1970s-1980s. The pavements are being replaced after 40-50 years of service, mostly due to vertical slab displacements due to missing dowel bars. However, pavements built after 1996 used rapid hardening cements, resulting in long-term surface cracking and decreased durability. In order to build durable concrete pavements, slower hardening slag-blended binders were designed and tested in the restrained ring shrinkage test and in isothermal calorimetry. Corresponding concretes were tested mainly for the compressive/tensile strength evolution and deicing salt-frost scaling to meet current specifications. The pilot project was executed on a 14 km highway, where a unique temperature-strain monitoring system was installed to provide long-term data from the concrete pavement. A thermo-mechanical coupled model served for data validation, showing a beneficial role of slower hydration kinetics. Continuous monitoring interim results at 24 months have revealed small curling induced by drying and the overall small differential shrinkage of the slab.

Mechanistic Evaluation of Test Data from Long-Term Pavement Performance Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement Test Sections

1998 ◽  
Vol 1629 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Jane Jiang ◽  
Shiraz D. Tayabji
Keyword(s):  
Test Data ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Distress Prediction ◽  
Program Data ◽  
Insight Into

Over the years, pavement engineers have attempted to develop rational mechanistic-empirical (M-E) methods for predicting pavement performance. In fact, the next version of AASHTO’s Guide for Design of Pavements is planned to be mechanistically based. Many M-E procedures have been developed on the basis of a combination of laboratory test data, theory, and limited field verification. Therefore, it is important to validate and calibrate these procedures using additional data from in-service pavements. The Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) program data provide the means to evaluate and improve these models. A study was conducted to assess the performance of some of the existing concrete pavement M-E-based distress prediction procedures when used in conjunction with the data being collected as part of the LTPP program. Fatigue cracking damage was estimated using the NCHRP 1–26 approach and compared with observed fatigue damage at 52 GPS-3 test sections. It was shown that the LTPP data can be used successfully to develop better insight into pavement behavior and to improve pavement performance.

scholarly journals Metabolomics Reveals Discrimination of Chinese Propolis from Different Climatic Regions

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongtong Wang ◽  
Quanhui Liu ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Limin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
1H Nmr ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Chinese Propolis

The chemical profiles of propolis vary greatly due to the botanic sources and geographic origins, which limit its standardization for modern usages. Here, we proposed a reliable 1H NMR-based metabolomic approach, to discriminate the function and quality of Chinese propolis. A total 63 Chinese propolis samples from different temperate regions were collected and extracted for NMR analysis. Twenty-one compositions in ethanol extracts were assigned based on characteristic chemical shifts and previous literature reports. Significant geographic indicators were identified after the PCA and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) analysis of the obtained 1H NMR data. It was found that the composition discriminations arose from long-term acclimation of the different climates of botanic origin and caused the differences in the biological activities. This study provides us a reasonable instruction for the quality control of Chinese propolis.

Iowa Experience on Local Calibration of AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design (PMED) for Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orhan Kaya ◽  
Leela Sai Praveen Gopisetti ◽  
Halil Ceylan ◽  
Sunghwan Kim ◽  
Bora Cetin
Keyword(s):  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Local Calibration ◽  
Performance Models ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
State Highway ◽  
Pavement Me Design

The AASHTO Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) pavement performance models and the associated AASHTOWare pavement ME design (PMED) software are nationally calibrated using design inputs and distress data largely obtained from National Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) to predict Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement (JPCP) performance measures. To improve the accuracy of nationally-calibrated JPCP performance models for various local conditions, further calibration and validation studies in accordance with the local conditions are highly recommended, and multiple updates have been made to the PMED since its initial release in 2011, with the latest version (i.e., Ver. 2.5.X) becoming available in 2019. Validation of JPCP performance models after such software updates is necessary as part of PMED implementation, and such local calibration and validation activities have been identified as the most difficult or challenging parts of PMED implementation. As one of the states at the forefront of implementing the MEPDG and PMED, Iowa has conducted local calibration of JPCP performance models extending from MEPDG to updated versions of PMED. The required MEPDG and PMED inputs and the historical performance data for the selected JPCP sections were extracted from a variety of sources and the accuracy of the nationally-calibrated MEPDG and PMED performance prediction models for Iowa conditions was evaluated. To improve the accuracy of model predictions, local calibration factors of MEPDG and PMED performance prediction models were identified and gained local calibration experiences of MEPDG and PMED in Iowa are presented and discussed here to provide insight of local calibration for other State Highway Agencies (SHAs).

Jointed Plain Concrete (JPC) Pavement Variability and Method to Complement JPC Design with 3D Pavement Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812199782
Author(s):  
Georgene Malone Geary ◽  
Yichang (James) Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Crack Detection ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Pavement Design ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Local Calibration ◽  
Design Guide ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
Departments Of Transportation ◽  
Transportation Agencies

3D pavement data are increasing in use and availability and open up new opportunities to evaluate variability in pavements. The majority of information we currently have on existing pavements is the result of the Long Term Pavement Performance Program (LTPP). While the program is comprehensive and the data are immense, the study sections are typically only 500 ft in length, which limits the ability to accurately gauge the variability of the distresses in a pavement over a longer length, especially cracking in Jointed Plain Concrete (JPC) slabs. 3D pavement data already collected by transportation agencies have the opportunity to complement LTPP data to analyze variability and improve the use of LTPP data. This paper presents a unique method to complement LTPP data using 3D pavement data, consisting of four steps: (1) crack detection using 3D pavement data; (2) categorize detected cracks by orientation and extent by slab using 3D slab-based methodology; (3) convert categorized slab level cracking into mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide cracking; and (4) perform local calibration with the 3D converted input values. The method uses 3D pavement data to provide a non-discrete value for percent cracking in GPS-3 LTPP sections for the purposes of local calibration. The proposed method is shown to be feasible using 3D pavement data and two JPC LTPP sections in Georgia. The method could be extended to any of the state Departments of Transportation that have active LTPP sections and are now or will shortly be collecting 3D pavement data.

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