Cost of Independent Bicycle and Pedestrian Projects

2017 ◽  
Vol 2644 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Srinivas S. Pulugurtha ◽  
Venkata R. Duddu ◽  
Synthia Tagar
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Facility Type ◽  
Cost Categories ◽  
Local Agencies ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Available Information ◽  
State Regional

State, regional, and local agencies need an established cost estimation method to improve the accuracy of programmed project funds. In particular, accurately estimating the cost of independent bicycle and pedestrian facilities helps improve prioritization, decision making, and the efficient allocation of funds for bicycle and pedestrian projects. The cost estimates vary by category as well as by the construction cost element. Obtaining cost data for an adequate number of projects of each facility type, although important, is challenging because of either the lack of available information or a reluctance in the sharing of information. This paper ( a) outlines methods to achieve a statistically significant sampling of cost data for bicycle and pedestrian facilities, ( b) addresses challenges associated with collecting the data from various agencies, and ( c) examines variations to better understand the estimates of individual construction cost elements. Recommendations pertaining to cost categories and cost elements that can help planners and engineers estimate the costs of independent bicycle and pedestrian projects are discussed.

Keynote

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
Ingo Weber
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Application Developers

Blockchain is a novel distributed ledger technology. Through its features and smart contract capabilities, a wide range of application areas opened up for blockchain-based innovation [5]. In order to analyse how concrete blockchain systems as well as blockchain applications are used, data must be extracted from these systems. Due to various complexities inherent in blockchain, the question how to interpret such data is non-trivial. Such interpretation should often be shared among parties, e.g., if they collaborate via a blockchain. To this end, we devised an approach codify the interpretation of blockchain data, to extract data from blockchains accordingly, and to output it in suitable formats [1, 2]. This work will be the main topic of the keynote. In addition, application developers and users of blockchain applications may want to estimate the cost of using or operating a blockchain application. In the keynote, I will also discuss our cost estimation method [3, 4]. This method was designed for the Ethereum blockchain platform, where cost also relates to transaction complexity, and therefore also to system throughput.

Application of the life cycle cost estimation method in transport infrastructure managing

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Anna Gobis ◽  
Kazimierz Jamroz ◽  
Łukasz Jeliński
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Life Cycle Thinking ◽  
Infrastructure Management ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
The Cost

The transport infrastructure management should be in line with sustainable development. Actions and activities that combine the environmental, social, and infrastructure expenditures optimally should be undertaken. The article presents a concept of life-cycle thinking that resolves these problems. The life cycle cost estimation method is a practical tool for managing transport infrastructure. The LCC analysis mustn’t generate more work than the benefits of it. Therefore appropriate assumptions should be made in constructing the method. The method assumes basic assumptions, taking into account the extensive scope of the research problem: transport infrastructure. The result of this article is a proposed mathematical model for estimating life-cycle costs. In the end, the practical use of the proposed methodology for determining the cost of the horizontal marking is provided.

scholarly journals Estimasi Biaya Konseptual Pada Jembatan Beton Bertulang Dengan Metode Indek Biaya

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Bagyo Mulyono ◽  
Paulus Setyo Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Bridge ◽  
Construction Project Cost ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Available Information

<p class="DRAbstrak">Cost estimation is the art of estimating the amount of cost required for an activity based on available information. The conceptual cost estimate is an early stage in planning a construction project. This estimate provides the cost that must be budgeted for a construction project. Cost conceptual estimates have low accuracy because the time of calculation and available information is limited. This study aims to obtain a conceptual model of the conceptual cost of short-spaced bridges. The method used is the cost index. The cost index is a figure indicating the cost per m2 of bridges at a given time. The required data are contract documents and drawings design that are built in 2012 - 2015 in Banyumas residency area. Span of bridge 4 - 38.8 meters and width of bridge 2 - 7 meters with caisson  foundation. The data were obtained from Dinas Bina Marga and Public Works Agency. The results showed that the conceptual cost model of reinforced concrete bridge with caisson foundation was BJiL = (100.540.56t2-404.528.636,58t + 406.914.286.088,58) x P x W, with t = year, P = span bridge, and W = bridge width. The error value of validation of this model is 2.31%.</p>

Hybrid Spectral Clustering Algorithm and its Application in Cost Index Estimation

2012 ◽  
Vol 461 ◽  
pp. 695-701
Author(s):  
Bing Chen ◽  
Xue Qin Hu ◽  
Bei Zhan Wang ◽  
Yin Huan Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Spectral Clustering ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
Index Estimation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Spectral Clustering Algorithm

This paper proposed a new hybrid spectral clustering algorithm in which Mean Impact Value (MIV) was used in the cost dimension reduction. The processing of system implementation is as follows: first, we used BP neural network to determine the principal items materials, and then applied the spectral clustering algorithm to calculate the principal items price according to principal items materials; finally, principal items ratio estimation method has been used to do cost estimation. This paper took the Xiamen project cost station as the actual case and experimental results shown that this algorithm could meet the cost requirements of project cost station both in time efficiency and accuracy through parameters self-adjusting.

A Rough-Cut Cost Estimation in a Finite-Capacity Stochastic Environment Based on Forced Idle Time Prediction

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Eklin ◽  
Yohanan Arzi ◽  
Avraham Shtub
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Idle Time ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
Time Prediction ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Rough Cut ◽  
Cost Estimation Models

In recent years several researchers suggested cost estimation models that consider the limited capacity of the shop. In these studies, the stochastic nature of the shop floor is modeled by a time-consuming simulation. This paper proposes five alternative rough-cut cost estimation methods that can replace the simulation. Three of five methods based on forced idle time prediction. The study compares the cost estimations derived from these methods. A cost estimation method, based on the forced idle time of the bottleneck workstation, was found to be outperform the others. As the best method, the bottleneck-based method was compared to the actual order’s cost and was found as a replacement to simulation.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Performance of “Unit Area Cost Method” (UACM) and “Unit Price Method” (UPM) Used in Estimating the Costs of the Reinforced Concrete Multi-Storey Housing Buildings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Latif Onur Uğur ◽  
◽  
Kadir Penbe
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Unit Price ◽  
The Cost

Unit Price Method (UPM) and Unit Area Cost Method (UACM) are widely used in the cost of reinforced concrete multi-storey housing buildings. In this study, it is aimed to determine the cost estimation method with high performance (its use will provide an advantage to the estimator over the other) by comparing the cost estimates in the modeling by making “Regression Analysis” (RA), with the data of such struction. In the literature review, studies of equivalent and different structures were evaluated. In modeling; Number of rooms, floor area, total area, number of floors, floor height, facade area, facade void area, Bathroom/wc areas, balcony areas, building height are parameters. UPM and UACM based costs which were created with the data of 2020 of 41 similar structures (38 for modelling, 3 for tests) were used as independent variables, and cost models were created with linear regression analysis. The results were randomly selected and compared with test groups that were not used in these models, and the error rates and performances of the methods were tested. According to the comparison, in the UACM analysis, there was a high R2 value in 6 data and a low error rate in 8 predictions; In the UPM analysis, it was determined that an equally high R2 value and a low error rate occured in 7 predictions. As a result, UACM reached a better performance in finding the estimated cost; It has been observed that using it in cost estimation gives better results. However, even if UACM performed better, the difference in error rates is very low, at 2.7%.

scholarly journals Costs of Conservation Offset Activities: The State of Publicly Available Information in Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5273
Author(s):  
Md Sayed Iftekhar ◽  
David Pannell ◽  
Jacob Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Environmental Values ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Full Cost ◽  
Cost Categories ◽  
Economic Developments ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Available Information

In various countries, offset policies allow economic developments to proceed on condition that proponents undertake agreed actions that offset the resulting losses of environmental values. Although ecological and environmental benefits are the main concern of a conservation agency when assessing an offset proposal, it is also important to be aware of the full cost of implementing the offset. However, there is currently a lack of understanding of the costs of implementing offsets, including which costs are relevant and what their magnitudes are. To address this knowledge gap, we developed a typology of costs that are relevant to offset schemes. We searched the publicly available information on costs of offset activities for thirty-four threatened species and communities in Australia to apply our cost framework. The results indicate that cost information is lacking in many cases. Information about some of the cost categories is not available for any of the species (e.g., induced costs to other areas or sectors). It is not clear whether the unreported cost categories are not considered during negotiation or whether it is just a case of lack of reporting.

Weight-Estimation Method of FPSO Topsides Considering the Work Breakdown Structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Su Kim ◽  
Myung-Il Roh ◽  
Sung-Min Lee ◽  
Han-Sung Kim ◽  
Hyunsik Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Weight Estimation ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Work Breakdown Structure ◽  
Estimation Process ◽  
The Cost

With the recent international economic downturn, most engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) contractors are incurring deficits in their floating, production, storage, and offloading unit (FPSO) projects. Numerous reasons underpin these situations. One of the most important reasons is the cost-estimation failure. The cost estimation is the key contractual point and mainly depends on a weight estimation of the FPSO topsides. Because the topsides contain a lot of equipment and complex structures, it is very difficult to make an estimation at the contractual stage. To overcome this problem, many methods have been proposed to estimate the weight of offshore topsides; however, most of the methods involve the top–down approach, making it difficult to obtain a sufficiently accurate prediction for field-work usage in terms of the weight estimation. Therefore, a work breakdown structure (WBS) for the performance of the weight-estimation process is proposed in this study. Using the WBS of the FPSO topsides, the corresponding presentation of the weight-estimation process makes the process usable in the field work regarding the WBS-item estimations. Accordingly, estimates of the detailed units (disciplines, modules, and areas) inside the topside that were previously not possible were performed. In addition, a prototype program was developed using the proposed method, and the applicability of the proposed method was evaluated through the application of three projects.

scholarly journals HOW COULD RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES BRIDGE THE GAP IN NIGERIA’S ENERGY SECTOR?

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Gift Nwabueze
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Fiscal Incentives ◽  
Energy Projects ◽  
The Cost

This paper presents renewable energy resources development as a means of abating the shortfall in electricity generation in Nigeria. Levellized Bus-bar Cost Estimation method is used to carry out cost analysis of various power generation technologies by comparing their levellized costs. Carbon Emissions Pricing theory is also utilized to show that the cost per mega watt of renewable energy resources power plants can be comparable to their fossils counterpart when price is assigned to the emissions that result from using fossil fuels. Finally, government’s participation in time bound renewable energy projects, as well as financial and fiscal incentives are identified as actions that will encourage private sector investments in renewable energy development, which has a stimulating effect on the larger economy.

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