Health care systems for the aged in Japan and the USA

The corporatization of health care organizations has become a significant international trend. This paper examines that trend, comparing the development of corporate health care in the USA with the impact of the New Zealand health reforms. The paper traces the evolution of the organizations of health care systems and explains the emergence of the corporate form. We argue that the corporate model of work organization is unsuited to the complex and ambiguous nature of the medical task as it ignores inherent interdependencies. An alternative is needed which addresses work practices rather than just participation in decision making and is based on a concept of mutual interdependence and support in the execution of work.

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Pregnancy management in coronavirus disease – Challenges in developing countries

10.25259/jrhm_58_2020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 18

Author(s):

Narendra Malhotra ◽

Ruchika Garg ◽

Saroj Singh ◽

Prabhat Agrawal ◽

Jaideep Malhotra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Hubei Province ◽

The World ◽

Care Systems ◽

The Usa

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection, first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, a city in the Hubei Province of China. The infection has spread in more than 150 countries and is a pandemic. Governments across the world have adopted rigorous measures to reduce both the spread by lockdown and cancelling most visas. It has detrimental effects on health-care systems and on the whole economy of world including the USA.

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TRENDS OF INDICATORS CHARACTERIZING THE BURDEN OF TYPE 2 DIABETES ON HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS IN UKRAINE AND SOME DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

Modern medical technologies ◽

10.34287/mmt.3(46).2020.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

Author(s):

G. P. Mykhalchyshyn

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Health Care ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Developed Countries ◽

The United States ◽

Life Years ◽

Care Systems ◽

The Usa

Abstract Purpose of the study. Is to compare the epidemiological trends (2000–2017) of indicators characterizing the burden of type 2 diabetes on health care systems in Ukraine and some developed countries. Materials and methods. The trends in morbidity, prevalence, mortality, years lived with disability (YLDs), as well as disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in type 2 diabetes (per 100 thousand of population) were analyzed. Results. Over a period of 2000–2017, the incidence of type 2 diabetes in Ukraine increased by 10,4%, in Belarus – by 9,2%, in Poland – by 28,1%, in Germany – by 32,1% and in the United States – by 69,6%. Accordingly, the largest increase in the prevalence occurred in the United States (by 83,2%), Germany (by 40,0%) and Poland (by 42,6%) and the least in Ukraine (by 9,9%). The mortality rate in Ukraine as of 2017 was lower than in the USA, Poland and Germany, respectively: 4,0 against 17,4; 13,8; 20,6 per 100 thousand of population. The largest increase in YLDs and DALY occurred in the United States (by 81,0% and 45,6%), Germany (by 45,2% and 28,8%), Poland (by 41,6% and 45,4%), against the background of a slight increase in Ukraine (by 10,2% and 7,8%). Conclusions. Over a period of 2000–2017, the trends of indicators characterizing the burden of type 2 diabetes on the health care systems of Ukraine and other countries differ, which requires further analysis and clarification of this situation. Keywords: burden, incidence, prevalence, YLDs, DALY, type 2 diabetes.

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Health Care Reform: Why Not Best Practices?

American Journal of Health Sciences (AJHS) ◽

10.19030/ajhs.v3i1.6758 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 97-114

Author(s):

Robert B. Matthews ◽

G. Keith Jenkins ◽

Joey Robertson

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Best Practices ◽

Health Care System ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

The United States ◽

World Health ◽

Single Payer ◽

Care Systems ◽

The Usa ◽

Care System

The passage of the Affordable Care Act (“ACA” or “Obamacare”) in 2010 promises to bring about significant changes in the way that health care is provided and paid for in the United States of America (USA). Supporters of ACA point to a 2000 WHO study of worldwide health care systems in which the USA ranked 37th as justification for proposed changes, and many of them have expressed a preference for ultimately implementing a single-payer or single-provider system (such as currently exists in Canada or the United Kingdom). Detractors, who generally label the act Obamacare, have expressed concerns about whether the act can achieve its stated objectives, whether it represents a negative step instead of a positive one, and whether the ultimate goal of a single-payer or single-provider system is desirable one or even an achievable one. In the context of the ongoing debate over health care in the USA, this paper reviews the WHO study and subsequent comparative analyses of world health care systems to address the following questions:Does the USA really have the 37th best health care system in the world?Does either a “single-payer” health care system or a “single-provider” health care system offer prospects for significant improvement?What model or models for delivery of health care services represent “best practices” and how can and should they be emulated?

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Financing of Health Care in the Conditions of Pandemic Threats

Federalism ◽

10.21686/2073-1051-2020-3-110-116 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 110-116

Author(s):

A. G. Kolomiets

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Social Groups ◽

Regional Health ◽

Free Riders ◽

Regional Health Care ◽

Care Systems ◽

The Usa ◽

Using Data ◽

Excess Profit

The author, using data of health care systems and COVID in the USA, Italy and other countries makes a conclusion that effective parrying of pandemic threats demands correction of a health care system and its financing. In particular, expansion of access for «marginal» social groups to services of out-patient and polyclinic institutions including non-payable services on a constant basis is necessary. Situation when involvement of the low-paid migrants who are actually excluded from regional health care systems allows to get excess profit for employers, creates for society not only additional expenses, but also risks of catastrophic development of epidemiological situations. Such employers are a kind of «free-riders» too expensive for society.

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Inter-clinician eConsults without programmatic incentives or requirements: a qualitative study of primary care provider perspectives

Family Practice ◽

10.1093/fampra/cmaa016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 525-529 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Leah Zallman ◽

Carolyn F Fisher ◽

Sofia Ladner ◽

Kira Mengistu ◽

Alison B Rapaport ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Health Care ◽

Focus Groups ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Primary Care Providers ◽

Safety Net ◽

Care Providers ◽

Provider Perspectives ◽

Care Systems ◽

The Usa

Abstract Background Inter-clinician electronic consultation (eConsult) programmes are becoming more widespread in the USA as health care systems seek innovative ways of improving specialty access. Existing studies examine models with programmatic incentives or requirements for primary care providers (PCPs) to participate. Objective We aimed to examine PCP perspectives on eConsults in a system with no programmatic incentive or requirement for PCPs to use eConsults. Methods We conducted seven focus groups with 41 PCPs at a safety-net community teaching health care system in Eastern Massachusetts, USA. Results Focus groups revealed that eConsults improved PCP experience by enabling patient-centred care and enhanced PCP education. However, increased workload and variations in communication patterns added challenges for PCPs. Patients were perceived as receiving timelier and more convenient care. Timelier care combined with direct documentation in the patient record was perceived as improving patient safety. Although cost implications were less clear, PCPs perceived costs as being lowered through fewer unnecessary visits and laboratories. Conclusions Our findings suggest that eConsult systems with no programmatic incentives or requirements for PCPs have the potential to improve care.

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Ethical Leadership for Psychiatry

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732372.013.50 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

H. Steven Moffic ◽

James Sabin

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Mental Health Care ◽

Ethical Leadership ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Business Leadership ◽

Compassionate Love ◽

Care Systems ◽

The Usa ◽

Mental Health Care Systems

Solutions for the current challenges in mental health care worldwide require improved ethical leadership and administration. Though psychiatrists have the broadest training for stewardship, other disciplines and patient consumers provide their own potential. Business leadership and ethics also need consideration. How to meld the strengths and ethical principles of the various mental health care constituencies is a major global task, but one that can be met. Possible ethical ways to do so are to use emotional intelligence and a culture of compassionate love to prioritize the professional and personal needs of the staff, and to have more leadership provided by formerly disenfranchised prosumers and/or leaders from marginalized cultures. Those responsible for mental health care systems must include the representative viewpoints of all stakeholders. One country, the USA, is highlighted for what can be generalized to other countries, supplemented by some important differences found in other societies.

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Inflammation in chronic venous ulcers

Phlebology The Journal of Venous Disease ◽

10.1177/0268355513476844 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 28 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. 61-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

J D Raffetto

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

The Elderly ◽

Venous Hypertension ◽

Chronic Venous Disease ◽

Venous Disease ◽

Venous Ulcers ◽

Care Systems ◽

The Usa ◽

Considerable Impact

Chronic venous ulcers (CVUs) occur in approximately 1% of the general population. Risk factors for chronic venous disease (CVD) include heredity, age, female sex and obesity. Although not restricted to the elderly, the prevalence of CVD, especially leg ulcers, increases with age.1 CVD has a considerable impact on health-care resources. It has been estimated that venous ulcers cause the loss of approximately two million working days and incur treatment costs of approximately $3 billion per year in the USA.2 Overall, CVD has been estimated to account for 1–3% of the total health-care budgets in countries with developed health-care systems.1 The pathophysiology of dermal abnormalities in CVU is reflective of a complex interplay that involves sustained venous hypertension, inflammation, changes in microcirculation, cytokine and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation, resulting in altered cellular function and delayed wound healing.3,4

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