scholarly journals SUBMICROSCOPIC CHANGES OF STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF THE SPLEEN DUE TO THE ACTION OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Tetiana Harapko ◽  
Lesia Mateshuk-Vatseba
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
White Male ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Diamond Knife ◽  
Transmission Microscope

The results of an experimental study conducted on white male rats and females of reproductive age were analyzed in order to detect submicroscopic changes in the structural components of the spleen under the action of monosodium glutamate in the dynamics. For two, four, six and eight weeks, the animals received monosodium glutamate at a dose of 0.07 g / kg body weight daily with food. Sections of the spleen were made on a UMTP-6M ultramicrotome with a diamond knife (DIATOM) and double contrast was performed according to Reynolds and uranyl acetate. Submicroscopic examinations of the organ were performed using an electron transmission microscope TEM-100. The investigated material was photodocuted using a SONY – H9 digital camera. The first violations of the structural components of the spleen are observed after two weeks, namely the expansion of intercellular spaces in both white and red pulp of the spleen, which contain vacuole-like structures, an increase in plasma cells, the cytoplasm of which is filled with dilated tubules. In dynamics with increase in duration of reception changes deepen, reaching a maximum in 8 weeks of experiment. Electron microscopy revealed that the signs of adaptive-compensatory processes by the end of the experiment lead to a loss of regenerative function.

scholarly journals Submicroscopic changes of alveoli of respiratory department of lungs a day after experimental thermal trauma

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Z.M. Nebesna ◽  
O.I. Bashynska ◽  
N.P. Ocheretna ◽  
G.М. Galunko ◽  
O.Ya. Slyvka
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
White Male ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Thermal Lesion ◽  
Thermal Trauma ◽  
Impaired Lung Function ◽  
Ketamine Anesthesia

Deep, large thermal burns are not limited to local lesions of tissues, they cause significant disruption of all systems and organs of the organism, change in metabolic processes. It is revealed that the primary links in the pathogenesis of burn disease are destruction of the skin, impaired neuroendocrine regulation and significant hemodynamic disorders. The reorganization of structures and impaired lung function, in response to a pathological process in the body, is attracting increasing attention of scientists. The aim of the study was to establish a submicroscopic rearrangement of the alveoli after a thermal lesion for 1 day after the experimental thermal trauma. Grade III burns were applied under ketamine anesthesia with copper plates heated in boiled water to a temperature of 97-1000С. The size of the lesion area was 18-20 % of the epilated surface of the body of rats. An experimental study of the structural components of lung alveoli after burn injury was performed on laboratory white male rats weighing 160-180 g. Euthanasia of rats was performed after ketamine anesthesia by decapitation. In the experiment, the study of the submicroscopic state of the walls of the alveoli of the lungs after thermal trauma was done. It is established that in the stage of shock after the application of burn injury – 1 day, in the alveoli of the respiratory department of the lung, there are adaptive compensatory and initial destructive changes of all structural components of the alveoli. Damage to the ultrastructure of the aerohematical barrier is manifested by intracellular edema and edema of the organelles of the endothelial cells, respiratory and secretory epitheliocytes, and the amount of heterochromatin increases in their deformed nuclei. The basement membrane also has signs of edema, sometimes homogeneous, fuzzy. The decrease in the number of vesicles and micropinocytotic vesicles in endothelial and respiratory epitheliocytes leads to impaired endothelial and alveolar metabolism. Numerous actively phagocytic alveolar macrophages with a well-expressed lysosomal apparatus are found in the alveoli. Initial alternative alterations of the ultrastructure of the components of the air-barrier barrier lead to disruption of gas exchange in the respiratory department of the lungs

scholarly journals HISTOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC CHANGES OF THE RAT TESTES AFTER EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL INJURY AND APPLICATION OF XENODERMAL SUBSTRATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Mukha
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Regenerative Processes ◽  
Vascular Disorders ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Thermal Trauma ◽  
Relative Normalization

The aim of this work was to establish the histological and morphometric changes of the structural components of the rat testes after experimental thermal trauma and under condition of correction. Object and methods. The study was performed on 48 sexually mature outbred white male rats following the rules of bioethics. The experimental animals were divided into three groups: intact; with severe thermal trauma; with burn injury and application of xenodermal substrate after early necrectomy of the damaged tissues. Results and discussion. Already on the 7th day after application of xenodermal substrate the processes of reparative regeneration of hemocapillaries is activated, the degree of vascular disorders and damages of the structural components of the testes are decreased, and regenerative processes are activated. The percentage of significantly altered seminiferous tubules is 1.90-fold lower than in animals without correction. In the later stages of the experiment, the usage of the xenodermal substrate contributes to an active flow of regenerative processes and a relative normalization of all the structural components of the testes. Morphometric indicators of mean values of diameter and area of convoluted tubes on the 21th day were significantly (p<0.001) higher by 1.39 times and 2.00 times relative to the indicators in the group of animals without correction. Areas with unchanged histostructure are dominated in the testes at this term. The percentage of significantly altered tubules was 10.58 times lower than the corresponding value in animals with burn injury without correction. Conclusions. Thus, the application of a xenodermal substrate on a wound formed after necrectomy of thermally damaged areas was found to contribute to a significant reduction of vascular disorders and destructive changes of spermatogenic cells. Better state of intracellular components and activation of regeneration contribute to a relative normalization of the testicular structure and morphometric indices in the later terms of the experiment.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF MORPHOMETRIC INDICATORS OF GINGIVAL MUCOUS MEMBRANE COMPONENTS OF RATS IN THE LATE TERMS OF CHRONIC OPIOID INFLUENCE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fik V. B.
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
White Male ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Gingival Mucosa

The aim of this study was to examine the morphometric parameters of the thickness of the epithelial plate of the gingival mucosa, the height of the connective tissue papillae and the diameter of the lumen of hemomicrovascular white rats in the dynamics after eight, ten and twelve weeks of chronic opioid exposure. Experimental studies were performed on white male rats of reproductive age. For twelve weeks, rats were injected intramuscularly with the opioid analgesic nalbuphine at increasing average therapeutic doses of 0.212 to 0.3 mg/kg body weight. Fragments of rat jaws were used for histological and morphometric studies. Based on the analysis of the obtained morphometric parameters of the studied components of the gums, it was found that in the late stages of chronic opioid exposure there was a significant decrease in epithelial thickness and connective tissue papillae and a significant increase in the lumen diameter of hemomicrocirculatory progression of inflammatory-dystrophic changes in periodontal tissues.

scholarly journals Histological picture in the skin of rats within a month after burn II-III degree against the background of the introduction for first 7 days 0.9% NaCl solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Ye.V. Mironov
Keyword(s):  
Standard Procedure ◽  
White Male ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Thermal Trauma ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Microscopic Studies

Burn disease is a complex of pathological changes that occur in the body due to the action of a thermal agent and are life-threatening. The problem of skin burns still remains relevant today. Insufficiently studied features of pathogenesis and methods of treatment of thermal trauma are the cause of considerable interest of scientists in this problem. The aim is to study the features of microscopic changes in the skin of rats during the month after grade II-III burn on the background of the introduction of the first 7 days of 0.9% NaCL solution. The studies were performed on 360 laboratory white male rats weighing 155-160 g. During the experiment, the animals were divided into 4 groups: 1st, 2nd groups – rats without thermal trauma infused with 0.9% NaCl solution and HAES-LX-5% at a dose of 10 ml/kg. In the 3rd, 4th groups, rats were infused with 0.9% NaCl solution and HAES-LX-5% at a dose of 10 ml/kg after skin burns. Burning skin damage was caused by applying to the lateral surfaces of the trunk of rats for 10 seconds four copper plates, heated in water at a constant temperature of 100°C. Histological preparations were prepared by standard procedure and examined using an OLYMPUS BH-2 light microscope. Conducted microscopic studies of the skin of animals after thermal trauma under the conditions of application of 0.9% NaCl solution found that in the early stages of the experiment (1, 3, 7 days) compensatory and adaptive changes of its structural components are combined with signs of destructive disorders. In the later periods of thermal trauma (14, 21 and 30 days), the destructive changes of the structural components of the skin in the lesion area deepen, and the process becomes irreversible.

Ultrastructure of Some Planktonic Formainifera

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
William H. Zucker
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Dehydration ◽  
Globigerinoides Ruber ◽  
Light Microscope Level ◽  
Globigerina Bulloides ◽  
Glutaraldehyde Solution ◽  
Diamond Knife

Planktonic foraminifera are widely-distributed and abundant zooplankters. They are significant as water mass indicators and provide evidence of paleotemperatures and events which occurred during Pleistocene glaciation. In spite of their ecological and paleological significance, little is known of their cell biology. There are few cytological studies of these organisms at the light microscope level and some recent reports of their ultrastructure.Specimens of Globigerinoides ruber, Globigerina bulloides, Globigerinoides conglobatus and Globigerinita glutinata were collected in Bermuda waters and fixed in a cold cacodylate-buffered 6% glutaraldehyde solution for two hours. They were then rinsed, post-fixed in Palade's fluid, rinsed again and stained with uranyl acetate. This was followed by graded ethanol dehydration, during which they were identified and picked clean of debris. The specimens were finally embedded in Epon 812 by placing each organism in a separate BEEM capsule. After sectioning with a diamond knife, stained sections were viewed in a Philips 200 electron microscope.

Fine Structural Changes in the Adenohypophyses of Rats Following Destruction of the Pituitary Stalk

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
K. Kovacs ◽  
E. Horvath ◽  
J. M. Bilbao ◽  
F. A. Laszlo ◽  
I. Domokos
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Pituitary Stalk ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Electrolytic Lesions ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

Electrolytic lesions of the pituitary stalk in rats interrupt adenohypophysial blood flow and result in massive infarction of the anterior lobe. In order to obtain a deeper insight into the morphogenesis of tissue injury and to reveal the sequence of events, a fine structural investigation was undertaken on adenohypophyses of rats at various intervals following destruction of the pituitary stalk.The pituitary stalk was destroyed electrolytically, with a Horsley-Clarke apparatus on 27 male rats of the R-Amsterdam strain, weighing 180-200 g. Thirty minutes, 1,2,4,6 and 24 hours after surgery the animals were perfused with a glutaraldehyde-formalin solution. The skulls were then opened and the pituitary glands removed. The anterior lobes were fixed in glutaraldehyde-formalin solution, postfixed in osmium tetroxide and embedded in Durcupan. Ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and investigated with a Philips 300 electron microscope.

The Ultrastructure of Lymphocytic Hypophysitis

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 466-467
Author(s):  
S.L. Asa ◽  
K. Kovacs ◽  
J. M. Bilbao ◽  
R. G. Josse ◽  
K. Kreines
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Lymphocytic Hypophysitis ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Mass Lesions

Seven cases of lymphocytic hypophysitis in women have been reported previously in association with various degrees of hypopituitarism. We report two pregnant patients who presented with mass lesions of the sella turcica, clinically mimicking pituitary adenoma. However, pathologic examination revealed extensive infiltration of the anterior pituitary by lymphocytes and plasma cells with destruction of the gland. To our knowledge, the ultrastructural features of lymphocytic hypophysitis have not been studied so far.For transmission electron microscopy, tissue from surgical specimens was fixed in glutaraldehyde, postfixed in OsO4, dehydrated and embedded in epoxy-resin. Ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and examined with a Philips 300 electron microscope.Electron microscopy revealed adenohypophysial cells of all types exhibiting varying degrees of injury. In the areas of most dense inflammatory cell infiltration pituitary cells contained large lysosomal bodies fusing with secretory granules (Fig. 1), as well as increased numbers of swollen mitochondria, indicating oncocytic transformation (Fig. 2).

Freeze substitution fixation of fungal reproductive structures and spores

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 990-991
Author(s):  
C. W. Mims ◽  
E. A. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Chemical Fixation ◽  
Dialysis Membrane ◽  
Razor Blade ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Reproductive Structures ◽  
Dry Down ◽  
Diamond Knife

The advantages of freeze substitution fixation over conventional chemical fixation for preservation of ultrastructural details in fungi have been discussed by various authors. As most ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and deuteromycetes do not fix well using conventional chemical fixation protocols, freeze substitution has attracted the attention of many individuals interested in fungal ultrastructure. Thus far most workers using this technique on fungi have concentrated on thin walled somatic hyphae. However, in our laboratory we have experimented with the use of freeze substitution on a variety of fungal reproductive structures and spores with promising results.Here we present data on freeze substituted samples of sporangia of the zygomycete Umbellopsis vinacea, basidia of Exobasidium camelliae var. gracilis, developing teliospores of the smut Sporisorium sorghi, germinating teliospores of the rust Gymnosporangium clavipes, germinating conidia of the deuteromycete Cercosporidium personatum, and developing ascospores of Ascodesmis nigricans.Spores of G. clavipes and C. personatum were deposited on moist pieces of sterile dialysis membrane where they hydrated and germinated. Asci of A. nigricans developed on pieces of dialysis membrane lying on nutrient agar plates. U. vinacea was cultured on small pieces of agar-coated wire. In the plant pathogens E. camelliae var. gracilis and S. sorghi, a razor blade was used to remove smal1 pieces of infected host issue. All samples were plunged directly into liquid propane and processed for study according to Hoch.l Samples on dialysis membrane were flat embedded. Serial thin sections were cut using a diamond knife, collected on slot grids, and allowed to dry down onto Formvar coated aluminum racks. Sections were post stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

THYMUS VARIABILITY IN WHITE RATS EXPOSED TO FORMALDEHYDE

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
V.N. Voloshin ◽  
I.S. Voloshina ◽  
I.Yu. Vash
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Canonical Variables ◽  
Generalized Procrustes Analysis ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Formaldehyde Inhalation

The aim of the paper is to study thymus variability in white rats, which were exposed to formaldehyde, and to compare these data with the indicators in control animals. Materials and Methods. The trial enrolled 72 white male rats, initial body weight 40–50 g. The animals were divided into 2 groups (36 rats in each). The first group consisted of control rats. Animals of the second group were exposed to formaldehyde inhalation, 2.766 mg/m3. To characterize the variability of the organ size, centroids were determined. The superposition of landmark configurations was performed using the generalized Procrustes analysis method, MorphoJ 1.06d program. The principal component analysis and canonical analysis of the obtained data were carried out. Results. One-Way ANOVA revealed a high level of intergroup differences in Procrust distance (F=1.34; p<0.0001). The significant effect of the duration of formaldehyde exposure on centroid size was established. The Kruskal-Wallis criterion was 19.778 (p=0.0014). The analysis of the principal components indicated that each of the first 10 components stands for more than 1 % of Procrustes coordinate variance. In this case, the first 7 components compatibly explain 91.398 % of thymus variability. The proportion of the first main component to the total variance of the Procrustes coordinates is 40.236 %. PC1 (-) shows changes in the thymus shape, mostly affecting the tops of its lobes, the middle part of the right boundary and the entire left thymus boundary. The scattering ellipses of the thymus ordinates in rats exposed to formaldehyde, in the first two canonical variables are located higher than those in the control animals. Conclusion. Formaldehyde inhalation leads to thymus changes in white rat. The most significant differences with control data are determined along the second canonical variable. Keywords: thymus, form, rat, formaldehyde, geometric morphometry. Цель. Изучение изменчивости формы тимуса белых крыс, находившихся в условиях влияния формальдегида, и сравнение этих данных с показателями, полученными у контрольных животных. Материалы и методы. Работа выполнена на 72 белых крысах-самцах с начальной массой тела 40–50 г. Животные были разделены на 2 серии (по 36 крыс). Первую серию составляли контрольные крысы. Животные второй серии подвергались ингаляционному воздействию формальдегида (ФА) в концентрации 2,766 мг/м3. Для характеристики изменчивости размеров органов определяли размер их центроидов. Процедуру суперимпозиции конфигураций ландмарок выполняли методом генерализованного прокрустова анализа с использованием программы MorphoJ 1.06d. Проводили анализ главных компонент и канонический анализ полученных данных. Результаты. Однофакторный дисперсионный анализ выявил высокий уровень межгрупповых различий по показателю прокрустовых расстояний (F=1,34; р<0,0001). Установлено значительное влияние продолжительности нахождения животных в условиях воздействия ФА на размер центроида. Критерий Краскела–Уоллиса составил 19,778 (р=0,0014). Анализ главных компонент указывал на то, что каждая из первых 10 компонент объясняет более 1 % дисперсии прокрустовых координат. При этом первые 7 компонент совместно объясняют 91,398 % изменчивости формы тимуса. Вклад первой главной компоненты в общую дисперсию прокрустовых координат составляет 40,236 %. РС1 (–) показывает изменения формы тимуса, в большей степени затрагивающие верхушки его долей, среднюю часть правого контура и весь левый контур тимуса. Эллипсы рассеивания ординат тимусов, принадлежащих крысам, подвергавшимся влиянию ФА, в пространстве первых двух канонических переменных расположены выше по отношению к таковым контрольных животных. Заключение. Ингаляционное воздействие формальдегида приводит к изменению формы тимуса белых крыс. Наибольшие различия с контрольными данными определяются вдоль второй канонической переменной. Ключевые слова: тимус, форма, крыса, формальдегид, геометрическая морфометрия.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Ekstrak Teh Hijau (Camellia sinensis L.) terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang diInduksi Aloksan

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-97
Author(s):  
Hafshah . ◽  
Kristina Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
White Male ◽  
Green Tea Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
Tea Extract ◽  
Post Hoc

The sufferers of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Indonesia is the highest with fourth number in the world, with a mortality rate of 1.2 million in 2012. Because of it, DM research using antihyperglycemic green tea is needed. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of green tea extracts on decreasing fasting blood glucose (KGDP) levels in alloxan-induced white male Wistar rats. Samples were 30 male rats, aged 8-12 weeks, weight ± 200 grams. Rats were grouped into 6 groups with the first group (K1) as a control, the second group (K2) induced alloxan, the third group (K3) induced alloxan with glibenclamide, the fourth group (K4), the fifth group (K5), and the sixth group (K6) induced alloxan with green tea extract as the treatment with dose of green tea extract, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 800 mg/kg. The first, FBG level examination is done 3 days after induction of alloxan using a glucometer. Giving green tea extract was given for 16 days orally, then FBG level re-examined from the tail of rats. One Way ANOVA Test Results, there is the effectiveness of green tea extract on reducing FBG level (p = 0,000). The post hoc Bonferroni test showed that giving 800 mg/kg of green tea extract was the best dose in reducing KGDP close to normal (p = 0,000).

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