scholarly journals COMMON AND DISTINCTIVE FUNCTIONS OF THE PROTAGONIST HERO IN FOLKTALE AND FANTASY (BASED ON PROTAGONIST HEROES IN THE WORKS OF J.R.R. TOLKIEN AND NATO DAVITASHVILI)

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Tamar Katamadze
Keyword(s):  
Main Idea ◽  
Fantasy Literature ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Lord Of The Rings ◽  
The World ◽  
Own Name

The article deals with the main functions of the protagonist hero in the fantasy literature. Fantasy literature is similar to folktale not only due to the fact that it contains magic and supernatural elements. By comparing the functions of fantasy protagonist hero with the functions of folktale protagonist hero, described by V. Propp in “Morphology of the Folktale”, it can be noticed that they have many similarities. The article discusses two main fantasy heroes: Frodo Baggins (J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Lord of the Rings”) and Lile Iroeli (Nato Davitashvili’s “The story of Lile Iroeli”). By comparing them, can be concluded that the basic traits of functions of protagonist hero in both, English and Georgian literary works come out from folktale roots. Thus, the protagonist leaves home, he is given a task, he is tested, attacked, he acquires a magical weapon, he defeats and punishes the villain, the hero is married or ascends the throne.In the model of functions in question, we can insert the heroes of both types and still the main idea of the stories will be presented. However, both protagonists being in the fantasy story have acquired some other functions we do not meet in the folktale. The task given to both heroes is to save the world from an evil villain, who wants to rule the whole world. Consequently, fantasy protagonist fights against the global enemy. Both heroes are not as courageous as the heroes of the folktale are. They have helpers, closest friends who support them in crucial moments. They have wise mentors, who give them tasks and the fellowship of other heroes, including invented creatures or speaking animals. Each hero of the fantasy genre is given his own name, as opposed to the folktale where the heroes have generalized names: the old man, stepmother, princess, king etc.In conclusion, the article presents functions of fantasy protagonist character, who takes the roots from folktale, but in the development of new genre it has acquired other distinctive elements, which distinguish him from the folktale protagonist hero.

Page, Stage, Location

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-313
Author(s):  
David Damrosch
Keyword(s):  
Home Country ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The World ◽  
Contemporary Cinema

Abstract The growth of globalization has greatly expanded the exposure of writers and now filmmakers to the wider world beyond their home country or region, offering new opportunities to bring elements of the outside world into their works, and in turn to take their works out to distant audiences. This essay discusses the increasing presence of foreign cultures in the progression from the literary detail to the stage prop and then the movie location, and then focuses on three films based on literary works, films that display the growing presence of the world in contemporary cinema and of the films in the world.

Southeast Asian Muslim Washathyyah in the Global Era

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-154
Author(s):  
Syahrin Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Global Village ◽  
Global Era ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Religious Aspects ◽  
The Universe

Globalization in the world has given the huge impact on the people, as the new condition of the world has brought the world to the globalism- a consciousness and understanding that the world is one. Globalization has also unified the people in a global village that covers all aspects of life such as economic, political, cultural, religious aspects. This paper will explore the concept of wa¡a¯iyyah which stresses on the moderation and accommodative way and its implementation in Southeast Asia. The main idea of the wa¡a¯iyyah or moderation in religious life is that it offers the importance of realizing the concept of Islamic blessing for all the Universe (Islam; Ra¥matan lil ±lam³n). Therefore, the main offer of the Muslim wa¡a¯iyyah movement is to focus on developing civilization, freedom, justice, prosperity and better future for all the people. It is the main capital of the Wa¡a¯iyyah in Southeast Asia to give the significant contribution to the globalization of the world.

Some Thoughts About Genre in Old Javanese Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter John Worsley
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Poetic Form ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Present Essay ◽  
Epic Poem ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Poetic Work

Robson in 1983 and 1988 in his reconsideration of the poetics of kakawin epics and Javanese philology drew readers’ attention to the importance of genre for the history of ancient Javanese literature. Aoyama in his study of the kakawin Sutasoma in 1992, making judicious use of Hans Jauss’s concept of “horizon of expectation”, offered the first systematic discussion of the genre of Old Javanese literary works. The present essay offers a commentary on the terms which mpu Monaguna and mpu Prapañca, authors of the thirteenth century epic kakawin Sumanasāntaka and the fourteenth century Deśawarṇana, themselves, employ to refer to the generic characteristics of their poems. Mpu Monaguna referred to his epic poem as a narrative work (kathā), written in a prakṛt, Old Javanese, and rendered in the poetic form of a kakawin and finally as a ritual act intended to enable the poet to achieve apotheosis with his tutelary deity and his poem to be the means of transforming the world, in particular to ensure the wellbeing of the readers, listeners, copyists and those who possessed copies of his poetic work. Mpu Prapañca described his Deśawarṇana differently. Also written in Old Javanese and in the poetic form of a kakawin—he refers to his work variously as a narrative work (kathā), a chronicle (śakakāla or śakābda), a praise poem (kastawan) and also as a ritual act designed to enable the author in an ecstatic state of rapture (alangö), and filled with the power and omniscience of his tutelary deity, to ensure the continued prosperity of the realm of Majapahit and to secure the rule of his king Rājasanagara. The essay considers each of these literary categories.

Special issue introduction: Collective redress for the enforcement of labour law

2021 ◽  
pp. 203195252110578
Author(s):  
Zane Rasnača
Keyword(s):  
Special Issue ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Collective Redress ◽  
The World ◽  
Enforcement Mechanisms ◽  
Own Name ◽  
Justice Gap

This article introduces the special issue on ‘Collective redress in labour law’. Even the best labour code in the world would be practically useless without procedural rules to enable its enforcement. The contributions in this special issue show that, while the mechanism of collective redress certainly functions with mixed results and often is underused in practice, it is nevertheless a valuable tool in the enforcement toolbox, where available. It might be particularly useful for some groups of workers, such as those who lack individual means for asserting their employment-based rights in their own name. While not an answer to all problems, and undoubtedly, not sufficient to close the justice gap for many European workers on its own, collective redress, if adequately constructed, could complement and improve existing enforcement mechanisms in both national and EU labour law.

scholarly journals The Ethics of Remembering and the Consequences of Forgetting

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-85
Author(s):  
Gavin Stansfield
Keyword(s):  
Lord Of The Rings ◽  
The World

There is a powerful metaphor for the world of unmetabolised ancestral trauma in a scene from The Two Towers (Tolkien, 1965), the middle volume of Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings trilogy which is hauntingly depicted in Peter Jackson’s film of the same name (Jackson, Osborne, Walsh, & Ordesky, 2001-2003).

scholarly journals Istanbul 2007

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gönül Dönmez-Colin
Keyword(s):  
International Competition ◽  
Film Festival ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

ISTANBUL INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL Istanbul International Film Festival (31 March-15 April 2007) celebrated its 26th birthday this spring with more than 200 films from around the world. This year, for the first time in its history, the festival opened with a film by a Turkish director, Ferzan Özpetek although the Italian production Saturn Opposite about depressed 40-year olds nostalgic about their youth, featuring some of the well-known actors of Italy could hardly be considered a Turkish film. The closing film was the US production, The Good German by Steven Soderbergh featuring George Clooney and Cate Blanchett. The films that compete for the Golden Tulip award are chosen for their relation to art and the artist or are adaptations from literary works. The fact that Istanbul takes place shortly before Cannes makes it rather difficult to find quality films for the International Competition, which had not been previously screened elsewhere....

scholarly journals ЭРКИН АЪЗАМНИНГ “ШОВҚИН” РОМАНИ ТАРЖИМАСИДА МИЛЛИЙ ХАРАКТЕРГА ХОС ХУСУСИЯТЛАРНИНГ БЕРИЛИШИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Mubashira BAROTOVA
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
English Translation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
World Languages ◽  
The World

Эркин Аъзам асарлари дунё тилларига ўгирилмоқда. Мақолада ёзувчининг “Шовқин” романининг инглиз тилига таржимасида миллий хусусиятларнинг берилиши аслият билан қиёслаб ўрганилган.“Шовқин” романи миллий руҳияти билан ажралиб туради. Асар Аъзам Обидов томон идан инглиз тилига таржима қилинган. Муаллиф асарнинг инглизча таржимасига хос хусусиятларни умумлаштиради. Қиёсларшуни кўрсатадики, мутаржим аслиятни етказшга ҳаракат қилган. Бу, хусусан, ўзбек характерига хос хусусиятлар ифодасида кўринади. Бироқ романтаржимасида айрим ноқисликлар ҳам кузатилади. Бу портрет ва характерлар тасвирида, сўз ва иборалар таржимасида кўпроқ кўзга ташланади. Асар таржимасидан мақсад – ўзбек халқи ҳаёти саҳифаларини дунё китобхонларига етказиш, халқлар, адабиётлар, маданиятлараро алоқаларни мустаҳкамлашга қаратилган. Работы Эркина Азама переведены на разные языкимира . В частностина английский язык, перевод на который литературных произведений автора является своеобразным. В статье исследуются особенности перевода национальных особенностей романа «Шовкин» («Шум») на основе сравнительного анализа.Роман Эркина Азама «Шум»отличается своим национальным духом. Это произведениебыл опереведенона английский язык Агзамом Обидовым, котороеявляется одним из больших достижений переводчика. Перевод романа и сравнительный анализ показывают, что переводчик Азам Обидов стремился передать оригинальность работы, особенно это касается характерных черт узбекского характера. Тем не менеероман содержит некоторые недостатки, которые наблюдаются впереводе изображения портретов и персонажей, определенных слов и фраз. Цель перевода романа — донести читателю особенности жизни узбекского народа, укрепить узыдружбы народов, узнать литературуУзбекистана. The works by Erkin Azam are being translated into many world languages. Specifically, there are unique characteristics of the English translation of the literary works by Erkin Azam. The article deals with the translation of the national features of the novel on the basis of a comparative analysis. One of the most prominent representatives of the modern Uzbek literature, Erkin Agzam's work, "Shovqin", is distinguished by its national-cultural spirit. The work has been translated into English by Agzam Obidov. The article summarizes the national features of the novel. The interpretation and a comparative analysis shows that the translator Azam Obidov did his best to message the readers the originality of the work, which is observed in particular on the features of the Uzbek character. However, there are some drawbacks, in terms of the description of the portraits and characters in the translation of particular words and phrases. The purpose of the translation is to introduce the Uzbek people’s lifestyle to the readers of the world; to strengthen the communication among people, literature, and intercultural society.

Strategies for World Peace: Peace Research and Peace Movements

1989 ◽  
Vol 45 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 135-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veena Ravi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Social Consciousness ◽  
World Peace ◽  
Peace Movements ◽  
Total War ◽  
Peace Research ◽  
The World ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
Different Parts

Peace is not an esoteric word. It has philosophical underpinnings and real world connotations. In a nuclear era with the latest, and manifest, conflicts which may end in total war, peace becomes a deceptively complex word. Peace Research and peace movements become dualities which are necessary strategies for world peace. As a scientific compilation of data and meaning methodology, they are a comparatively new phenomena but in terms of some kind of a movement have always been active. Even if only a protest by a minority it has been an ongoing phenomenon. Peace Research and eventually peace movements become part of a social consciousness that is important to achieve a political end—world peace. This paper spells out the meaning of Peace Research, its development and links with peace movements. Some peace movements in different parts of the world have been brought out merely to substantiate the peace research and its concepts. It is by no means exhaustive. A lot needs to be researched and brought out. But one main idea seems amply clear that the world system needs restructuring to absorb Peace Research and peace movements if only to rationalise it, make it viable for both study and activism. So also a change is needed among the “realist” thinking if only to achieve positive and developmental peace, i.e. peace combined with social justice.

“We are here to help you”: understanding the role of careers and employability services in UK universities

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fotiadou
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
The World

Abstract This paper examines the language used by careers services in UK universities. Using a combination of critical discourse analysis and corpus linguistics methods and tools, the analysis of 2.6 million words collected from 58 UK university websites shows that the services highlight the quantity and variety of resources and assistance offered to Higher Education (HE) students. In addition, the close analysis of linguistic data brings to light a commonly used semantic pattern where the services act as the enablers of the students’ self-beneficiary actions. The main idea communicated in these webpages is that if HE students want to succeed in the graduate job market they need to prepare for the world of work, follow instructions and develop their employability. This course of action is presented by UK universities as natural or common sense. The interpretation and evaluation of linguistic patterns that emerge from the corpus-based analysis challenges the notion of employability and its association with the idea of ‘empowering’ young people to successfully compete in the graduate job market.

Coda

2018 ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
Joanna Hofer-Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The World ◽  
Physical Effects ◽  
Urban Issues ◽  
Physical Spaces ◽  
The Impact

The Coda offers a reprise of the book’s the central arguments. Namely, that Dickens’s legacies can be traced in surprising, physical effects in London’s built environment. By exploring polymodal afterlives of his fiction over which he had no control, as well as his interventions in contemporary urban issues, Dickens and Demolition proposes that the impact of literary works lingers in the world around us in ways of which we may not always be conscious. Indeed, Dickensian afterlives are traceable in demolitions that have erased areas of Old London from the capital. The Coda restates that the potential of Dickensian afterlives to effect public debate and physical spaces in this manner was enabled by a particular set of circumstances, which were already being reformed during Dickens’s lifetime. Nevertheless, questions are raised about other authors, cities and countries.

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