scholarly journals منهج تطويري مقترح في تعليم الإعراب للناطقين بغير العربية: الجملة في كتب النحو الحديثة نموذجاً / proposed Developmental method in teaching i‘rab to Non-Speakers of Arabic: Sentence in Modern Arabic Grammar Books as case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-150
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sabri Sahrir ◽  
Elsayed Mohamed Salem
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
Content Selection ◽  
Important Requirement ◽  
Modern Arabic ◽  
Valuable Result ◽  
The Way

ملخص البحث: تعددت الشكاوى من صعوبة النحو قديماً وحديثاً؛ وبخاصة من متعلميه من الناطقين بغير العربية؛ إذ إن التيسير مطلب شرعي وأساسي تعليمياً، ولا يطلب إلا إذا استصعبت الأشياء، ومن هنا كان من الواجب اقتراح نموذج تطويري للإعراب الموروث ابتداء، وقابل للتطوير لاحقاً؛ ويمكن تطبيقه في قاعات الدرس، واتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وهدفت إلى تيسير النحو للناشئة الذي أصبح من الأمور الضرورية والحتمية التي لا مناص منها. توصلت الدراسة إلى ما يأتي: الأصل من تعليم النحو هو المحاكاة والتقليد، وليس الحفظ والترديد، وأن مهارة الإعراب تكتسب بالتدرب على العلاقة بين الكلمات، وليس على ترتيبها في الجملة، وصعوبة العربية تعود إلى طريقة عرض النحويين لقواعدها، وامتلاؤها بالجدل والخلافات العقيمة، وأن دراسة التراكيب في المراحل المبكرة لذو أثر كبير في نماء ذوق الطلبة وتنمية قدراتهم اللغوية، ويجب التفرقة بين النحو بمفهوم تقويم اللسان من اللحن، ومفهومه الذي يبحث عن العلل والأسباب والعوامل. الكلمات المفتاحية: النحو العربي-الناطقون بغير العربية-تيسير النحو-الإعراب-النحو الحديث.     Abstract   There were many complaints about the difficulty of grammar, in the past and present, especially among learners of non-Arabic native speakers. Thus, it should be facilitated as a important requirement and based on an educational basis, as it is required only if things are difficult. Hence, it was necessary to propose an enhanced model for the inherited declension, which is able to be expanded later for application in classrooms. There is no doubt that there is no magical way or secret idea for the students, which leads them directly to the desired goal, which is the composition ability of their sound pronunciation, and evaluate their tongues on the sound, but access to that valuable result is a combination of many factors enumerated research in this paper. The research presented descriptive analytical, ends with exercises on what was proposed. The goal is clear, and the way to it is in the content selection - arrangement - gradually, and then comes the good training based on the grounds of combining comprehensiveness and ease. If this achieved, research has become important in that it is a cycle of facilitation, and an idea of ​​the development ideas sought by the institutions concerned with educational curricula and development. Keywords: Arabic grammar, non-Arabic speakers, grammar facilitation, expression, modern grammar   Abstrak   Terdapat banyak aduan mengenai kesukaran tatabahasa, baik yang lama atau baru, terutamanya di kalangan pelajar penutur asli bukan Arab. Oleh itu, isu ini merupakan satu  keperluan yang penting berdasarkan kepada asas-asas pembelajaran di mana ianya hanya diperlukan dalam situasi sukar. Oleh itu, adalah perlu untuk mencadangkan model pembelajaran ‘irab’ yang dipertingkatkan untuk mengatasi masalah sedia ada, yang dapat diperluaskan kemudiannya untuk aplikasi dalam bilik-bilik darjah. Tidak menjadi keraguan bahawa tidak ada cara ajaib atau idea rahsia untuk pelajar, yang dapat membawa mereka mencapai matlamat yang diinginkan, yang merupakan keupayaan komposisi sebutan suara, menilai lidah mereka pada sebutan, tetapi hasil yang berjaya itu adalah gabungan banyak faktor yang dihuraikan dalam artikel ini. Kajian ini mengggunakan analisis deskriptif yang berakhir dengan metod latihan yang dicadangkan. Matlamatnya adalah jelas yang tertera dalam kandungan modul pemilihan - susunan - berperingkat, diikuti oleh latihan yang baik berdasarkan justifikasi gabungan secara menyeluruh dan mudah. Jika objektif modul ini dapat dicapai, kajian ini mempunyai manfaat bagi memudahkan dan mengembangkan kurikulum pengajaran yang dicari oleh institusi pendidikan   Kata kunci: Tatabahasa Arab, penutur bukan bahasa Arab, memudahkan tatabahasa, ungkapan, tatabahasa moden.

scholarly journals Naḥwa Muqtaraḥ Tajdīdī fī Ta‘līm al-I‘rāb li-al-Nāṭiqīn bi-Ghayr al-‘Arabīyah

Al-Ma rifah ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-193
Author(s):  
Mohamed el-Sayed Mohamed ◽  
EL-Sayed Mohamed Salem
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Content Selection ◽  
Valuable Result ◽  
The Way

There were many complaints about the difficulty of grammar, both old and new, especially among learners of non-Arabic native speakers. Thus, it should be facilitated as a legitimate requirement and based on an educational basis. It is required only if things are difficult. Hence, it was necessary to propose a enhanced model for the inherited declension (i‘rāb), which is able to be expanded later for application in classrooms. There is no doubt that there is no magical way or secret idea for the students, which leads them directly to the desired goal, which is the composition ability of their sound pronunciation, and evaluate their tongues on the sound, but access to that valuable result is a combination of many factors enumerated research in the next pages. The research presented descriptive analytical, ends with exercises on what was proposed. The goal is clear, and the way to it is in the content (selection - arrangement - gradient), and then comes the good training based on the grounds of combining comprehensiveness and ease. If this is achieved, research has become important in that it is a cycle of facilitation, and an idea of ​​the development ideas sought by the institutions concerned with educational curricula and development.

What does the way crime was organised yesterday tell us about the way crime is organised today and will be tomorrow?

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill Tupman
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Organised Crime ◽  
Historical Case Study ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Material ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Way

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess what an overview of theoretical literature and case study material can tell us about the different ways crime has been organised in the past in different cultures and whether this has any impact on the ways in which crime may be organised in the present and the future. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is based on an examination of Mcintyre’s work on how crime is organised and later political, economic and civil society views of criminality. Brief discussion of case studies involving the UK, The Netherlands, the Arab world, Ethiopia and Russia is used to see how crime was organised there in the past. Findings – There is a greater variety of variables in the way crime was organised historically than McIntyre suggests, and an examination of civil society might pay greater dividends than even looking at politics or economic aspects of organised crime. Research limitations/implications – The study is preliminary. More historical case study material needs to be accessed. Originality/value – There are many research case studies, particularly at PhD level and in subjects other than criminology, such as history, language studies and cultural studies generally, which have not been brought together to present an overall picture. This paper is a first step in that direction.

Links between meteorites and asteroids

1981 ◽  
Vol 374 (1757) ◽  
pp. 271-279
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Parent Body ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

During the past decade, there has been a rapid growth in studies of the physical properties of the asteroids. In consequence, there now exists a much better basis than there was hitherto for comparing the properties of meteorites, determined in the laboratory, with those of asteroids. The way in which recent measurements of asteroids and meteorites can be interrelated to determine the nature and history of a meteorite parent body is illustrated via a case study of the asteroid Vesta and the Ca-rich achondrite Kapoeta.

Between East and West

Experiment ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
Maria Taroutina
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Russian Art ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Past ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
East And West ◽  
The Way

Abstract Taking cue from Dmitry Sarabyanov’s seminal publications on the Stil Modern and turn-of-the-century Russian visual culture, the present article resituates Mikhail Vrubel’s œuvre “between East and West” by demonstrating that the artist moved beyond the narrowly circumscribed nationalist agenda typically attributed to the work he produced at the Abramtsevo and Talashkino artistic colonies. In addition to indigenous sources, Vrubel also assimilated a number of external artistic influences such as Jugendstil, medieval Gothic and Renaissance ceramics, Japanese and Chinese porcelain, and Egyptian and Assyrian art. Through a close analysis of Vrubel’s orientalist paintings, as well as his cycle of folkloric works such as Mikula Selyaninovich and the Volga (1896), I demonstrate that his aesthetic program crossed multiple boundaries: geographical, temporal, material, and institutional. Through a complex renegotiation of the global and the local, the past and the present, and the traditional and contemporary, Vrubel arrived at a strikingly modernist visual syntax, which paved the way for an entire generation of avant-garde artists such as Mikhail Larionov, Natalia Goncharova, Kazimir Malevich, Aleksandr Rodchenko, Liubov Popova, Vladimir Tatlin, and Naum Gabo, among others. Using Vrubel as a case study, this article thus proposes to rethink the opposing binary categories of avant-gardism and revivalism, historicism and innovation, Orientalism and Occidentalism, regionalism and cosmopolitanism, as they have been applied to the trajectory of modern Russian art—a set of ostensibly fixed dichotomies that Dmitry Sarabyanov had repeatedly and successfully challenged in his own work.

scholarly journals Independent Publisher in the Networks of Translation

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Buzelin
Keyword(s):  
Research Programme ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
First Case ◽  
Translation Rights ◽  
Book Selling ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
The Way

Abstract Over the past ten years, the publishing and book selling industries (in Canada and elsewhere) have undergone a process of hyper-concentration that seems to threaten the future of independent publishing. How might this changing environment reflect on the attitudes of independent publishers toward translation and on the way they handle translation projects? This is the question this article seeks to examine. It is based on the first case study of a research programme that consists in following, by use of an ethnographic approach, the production process of literary translations in three independent Montréal-based publishing houses: from negotiations over the acquisition of translation rights to the launch of the translation. The article is divided into three parts. The first explains the rationale, methodology and ethics underlying this research; the second part tells the story of the title under study in a way that highlights the range of actors involved in the production of this translation, their own constraints and concerns, as well as the way publishing, editorial and linguistic/stylistic decisions intertwine. Based on this particular case, the third part discusses some of the strategies a publisher and his collaborators may devise in order to produce literary translations in an independent but network-based, competitive way. Particular emphasis is placed on strategies of cooperation such as co-translation and co-edition publishing, as well as on the role played by literary agents in the allocation of translation rights.

Memory

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørnar Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Mining Town ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Reconstructions ◽  
Involuntary Memories ◽  
The Way

It is common to claim that the past is gone, leaving us with a void that can only be filled by our historical reconstructions. Things, however, object to this modern, historicist conception of an ended past. By stubbornly lingering on they expose us to a present past which constantly gathers and thus sediments into potentially new environments of memory. Drawing on so-called symmetrical archaeology, this chapter explores how the conception of a gathering past allows-and impels-us to rethink the way we conceive of memory and the archaeological exposition of the past. Using the abandoned Soviet mining town of Pyramiden as a case study, the chapter considers how the ruins of our own time may trigger critical and involuntary memories-memories that illuminate what conventional cultural history has discarded.

Gladstone, gossip and the post-war generation

2001 ◽  
Vol 74 (186) ◽  
pp. 409-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Archival Material ◽  
The Past ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Way

Abstract This article is a case-study of the reputation of W. E. Gladstone at a time when it is often suggested that eminent Victorians were subject to widespread denigration. Drawing upon archival material relating to the way in which Gladstone's family sought to protect and promote his memory in the post-war period, it argues that in tandem with an enduring public respect for his reputation, gossipmongering failed to diminish his stature. This has important implications for the ways in which post-war society related to the lives of eminent Victorians and to the past more generally.

The Mutability of the Canon: Socialist Realism and Chingiz Aitmatov's I dol'she veka dlitsia den'

Slavic Review ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Clark
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Socialist Realism ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Socialist Realist ◽  
The Way

Chingiz Aitmatov's recent novel I dol'she veka dlitsia den’ provides an excellent case study of the way the socialist realist canon can generate new paradigms out of itself. At a time when it is widely assumed in the West that all reputable Soviet authors have gone “beyond” socialist realism, the appearance of this novel is particularly instructive.Aitmatov's book has had greater impact in the Soviet Union than any other novel published there in recent years. It covers subjects that are both highly topical and sensitive politically. Yet it does so by using the conventions of socialist realism to a greater extent than has been seen in the major Soviet writing of the past fifteen years. Indeed, Aitmatov has somehow contrived to weave into the fabric of his text patterns reminiscent of every period in the development of socialist realism.

scholarly journals The current use of the past imperfect tense in Albanian and Serbian – a case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindita Sejdiu-Rugova ◽  
Merima Krijezi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Formal Grammar ◽  
The Past ◽  
Indirect Influence

The current use of the past imperfect tense in Albanian and Serbian – a case studyThe article deals with the indirect influence of Albanian grammar among the native speakers of Serbian who study Albanian as a foreign language as an awareness and transformation process when translating the past imperfect forms from Albanian as a foreign language into their mother tongue Serbian, more specifically the past imperfect of Albanian into Serbian as their mother tongue. The emphasize that while translating, the students are guided not by knowledge of formal grammar but by actual by real usage of this tense in Albanian and Serbian. Współczesne użycie imperfectum w języku serbskim i albańskim Artykuł dotyczy bezpośredniego wpływu gramatyki albańskiej na język serbski wśród Serbów uczących się języka albańskiego jako obcego. Przedmiotem opisu jest przekład albańskich form imperfektywnych w tłumaczeniu z albańskiego na serbski, w którym ta forma werbalna nie jest już używana. Autorki podkreślają, że studenci, tłumacząc, nie kierują się formalną wiedzą gramatyczną na temat funkcjonowania imperfectum w obu językach, ale realnymi zastosowaniami tej formy temporalnej.

A tale of two courses: the Courtauld Institute of Art case study of building the book collection to new subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Vicky Kontou
Keyword(s):  
Western Tradition ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Phase ◽  
Courtauld Institute ◽  
The Way

In 2011 the Courtauld Institute of Art was awarded funding for two new MA subjects looking to Asian art, in addition to its strengths studying art produced in the western tradition. The library was called on to build its collection around the new subjects to support the students in their studies. What selections tools and strategies have been used and what problems has the library encountered along the way? The new subjects are outlined and the library’s approach is discussed. Lessons were learned from the past and the library is about to embark in a new phase in its collecting history.

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