Grading High Moisture Farmer Stock Peanut Lots1

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Blankenship ◽  
M. C. Lamb ◽  
C. L. Butts ◽  
T. B. Whitaker ◽  
E. J. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
State Inspection ◽  
Federal State ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Marketing Data ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Farmers in the U.S. are required to market peanuts as identity preserved lots with less than or equal to 10.49% moisture content (MC) wet basis. A comparison of peanut grades, weights, and values at moisture contents above (Hmc) and below (Lmc) 10.49% was conducted at 16 buying points during crop year 1998 and at 22 points in 1999. Buying points were located in all three U.S. peanut-producing areas both years. Randomly selected Hmc lots of runner-, spanish-, and virgina-type peanuts were weighed and unofficially graded by Federal State Inspection Serv. personnel with standard procedures. Lots were cured to MC ≤ 10.49% and graded officially for farmer marketing. Data from both years were combined for analysis. Both Hmc and Lmc grades were conducted on 543, 62, and 81 runner-, spanish-, and virginia-type lots, respectively. Moisture contents for runner type averaged 16.3% at Hmc grading and 8.7% at Lmc grading; for spanish type, 15.8 and 8.7%; and for virginia type, 17.0 and 9.1%. Only 3.8% of all lots evaluated had Hmc moisture contents greater than 25%. Equations were derived that predicted Lmc grade factors, lot weights (LW) and lot values (LV) from measured Hmc factors by peanut type. Equations to estimate Lmc LW and LV for runner-type peanuts had correlation coefficients of 0.998 and 0.997, respectively. Correlation coefficients for spanish type Lmc LW and LV were 0.998 and 0.995 and for virginia type 0.996 and 0.993, respectively. Derived equations for Lmc grade factors, LW, and LV may offer an alternative modification in U.S. peanut grading and farmer marketing allowing an increase in the maximum MC at grading.

scholarly journals STORAGE OF TRUE POTATO SEED

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 577c-577
Author(s):  
Noël Pallais
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
True Potato Seed ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Seed Moisture

True potato seed of Atzimba × 104.12LB (intermediate dormancy) was dried to seed moisture contents ranging from 3.85 to 12.5% (dry wt basis) and was stored for 2 years at 30, 15 and 5°C. Seed was tested for various germination and seedling vigor criteria at 4 month intervals. Seed dormancy and viability were better preserved at seed moisture levels below 7% and as temperature decreased. High moisture (>9%) was lethal to seed stored at 30°C. TPS should be stored at <5% seed moisture content. Under this condition seed dormancy in the genotype studied was lost after about 12 months at 30°C.

scholarly journals Forma e tamanho de grãos de soja para diversos teores de água

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 2821
Author(s):  
Wilker Alves Morais ◽  
Osvaldo Resende ◽  
Fernando Nobre Cunha ◽  
Vitor Marques Vidal ◽  
Nelmício Furtado da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Volumetric Shrinkage ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Grain Moisture

Physical properties of soybean grains present differences as a function of cultivars and moisture content, with the correlation between physical properties. This study aimed to determine the characteristics related to the physical properties of grains with different moisture contents of three soybean cultivars. The experimental design was completely randomized design in a 3 × 6 factorial scheme with three replications, consisting of three soybean cultivars (6266 RSF IPRO, BMX Potência RR, and 14403Z6001) and six grain moisture contents (11, 13, 15, 17, 19, and 21% wb). Soybean grains presented an initial moisture content of 11.0, 11.0, and 10.8% wb, respectively for 6266 RSF IPRO, BMX Potência RR, and 14403Z6001. The other moisture contents were obtained by soaking in a BOD chamber maintained at 25 °C and 93% of relative humidity. We assessed volume, roundness, sphericity, surface area, volumetric shrinkage, and volumetric shrinkage rate. The data were submitted to the analysis of variance by the F-test (p < 0.05) and when significant, regression analysis was performed for grain moisture contents and the means of cultivars were compared by the Tukey’s test. Pearson’s correlation analysis was also carried out to represent the linearity between grain physical properties. The cultivar BMX Potência RR obtained the highest results for volume, roundness, sphericity, and surface area. Volume and surface area increased as the moisture content of soybean grains increased; the opposite was observed for roundness and sphericity. A linear increase in volumetric shrinkage was observed as moisture content increased. The values of the correlation coefficients of the linear regression models can be used to describe the relationships between physical properties.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOISTURE CONTENT AND FLAMMABILITY OF CERRADO SPECIES IN SOUTHERN TOCANTINS

FLORESTA ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Marcileia Dias De Oliveira ◽  
Marcos Giongo
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Time To Ignition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vatairea Macrocarpa ◽  
Flammability Parameters ◽  
Curatella Americana

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between moisture content and flammability of nine plant species from the Cerrado in southern Tocantins. The species studied were: Machaerium brasiliense, Qualea grandiflora, Luehea grandiflora, Campomanesia guaviroba, Astronium fraxinifolium, Curatella americana, Bauhinia forficata, Vatairea macrocarpa, and Anacardium Occidentale. The plants were analyzed at four moisture contents (M1, M2, M3, and M4). For each level, 50 samples (1 g ± 0.1 g) of each species were collected, and 50 repetitions of burning were performed. The parameters analyzed were: time to ignition (TI), frequency of ignition (FI), duration of combustion (DC), combustion index (CI), flammability value (FV), and height of flames (HF). Our results showed that moisture contents influence flammability in Cerrado plant species. The correlation coefficients between moisture and flammability parameters were r = 0.951 (TI), r = -0.962 (DC), r = -0.977 (HF), and r = -0.988 (FI).

Studies on the use of mutagenic agents in plant breeding. II. The effects of dose and seed moisture content on mutation production in Lupinus angustifolius by X-Rays

1965 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Gladstones ◽  
CM Francis
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Mutation Rate ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Mutation Rates ◽  
X Rays ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Wet Weight

Seeds of Lupinus angustifolius were given X-ray doses of 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 kr at each of 12 moisture contents ranging from 6.1 to 18.1 % (wet weight basis). Various measures of injury were recorded in the X1 generation, and the types and rates of mutations in the X2. At moisture contents below 16%, total mutation rates were closely correlated with X1 injury. Injury and mutation rate decreased with increasing moisture up to 11–12% moisture, and thereafter remained at a constant minimum up to 16%. Between 16 and 18% moisture there was again an increase in X1 injury, but not in mutation rate. Between 6 and 12 % moisture, a linear relationship was found between moisture content and the logarithm of the dose required to cause a given level of injury or mutation. A possible mechanism for such a pattern of protection is discussed. Lethal mutations increased as a proportion of all mutations as dose and mutation rate increased. There were also proportionately more lethals at high moisture contents than in lower moisture treatments giving the same mutation rates. It is concluded that lethal and seedling chlorophyll-deficient mutations could be misleading when used as indicators of total and viable mutation rates, and that, contrary to the conclusions of some previous authors, no advantage is likely to be gained in practical breeding work from irradiating at high seed moisture contents.

Proposed outflow method for the determination of the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated porous materials

Soil Research ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Collis-George ◽  
MJ Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Porous Materials ◽  
Curve Matching ◽  
Simple Criterion ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Membrane Impedance ◽  
Content Range

Examination of the existing outflow methods reveals that none of the available methods consider membrane impedance without simultaneously involving subjective curve matching. A method is proposed that meets both these requirements and also allows determination of hydraulic conductivity after only small changes of moisture content; the results are therefore easier to interpret. A comparison is made between results obtained from the proposed method and from published outflow methods, as well as from the horizontal infiltration and 'air-pressure' methods. The results obtained exhibit hysteresis for both diffusivity and hydraulic conductivity as functions of moisture content. An hypothesis explaining occurrence of hysteresis in hydraulic conductivity at low moisture contents is presented. It is concluded that the proposed outflow method is experimentally suited to the dry end of the moisture content range, because of the restriction imposed at high moisture contents by the membrane impedance being large relative to the sample impedance. A simple criterion to determine the range of validity of the method is proposed.

Inheritance of moisture content in greasy and clean wool and its relationship to other wool traits in Merinos

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 933 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Dowling ◽  
A. C. Schlink ◽  
J. C. Greeff
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Wool Fabric ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Moisture Index ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Woollen Fabric

Moisture in greasy wool is associated with wool yellowing, fleece rot and fly strike, whereas the high moisture content of wool fabric is related to desired woollen fabric traits. This paper reports on a simple gravimetric method of determining greasy and clean wool moisture contents to determine fleece moisture heritability. The moisture index of greasy wool has a heritability of 0.37 ± 0.04 and phenotypic correlations of –0.31 ± 0.02 with yield, 0.69 ± 0.01 with suint index and 0.50 ± 0.01 with Methylene Blue absorption. The moisture index of greasy wool was strongly genetically correlated with yield (–0.48 ± 0.06), suint index (0.93 ± 0.03), Methylene Blue absorption (0.92 ± 0.03) but not significantly genetically correlated with clean wool moisture absorption (0.18 ± 044). Moisture absorption of clean wool has a very low heritability of 0.02 ± 0.03. The correlations between moisture index and suint index suggest that greasy fleece moisture index is primarily determined by suint index. The implications of variation in the moisture index of wool on fleece rot and fly strike are discussed.

A Note on the Accuracy and Variability of Grading and Marketing High Moisture Farmer Stock Peanuts

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Lamb ◽  
P. D. Blankenship ◽  
T. B. Whitaker ◽  
C. L. Butts
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Moisture Contents

Abstract Previous research has shown that the farmer stock grade, lot weight, and market value could be accurately determined at kernel moisture contents greater than 10.5% without negative impact on either the producer or purchaser. In the 1998 and 1999 crop years, 686 farmer stock lots consisting of runner, Virginia, and Spanish types were graded and weighed at high moisture content (HMC), cured, and graded and weighed at low moisture content (LMC). The results indicated that LMC grade, lot weight, and lot value could be accurately predicted from HMC grade, lot weight, and lot value for individual farmer stock lots. However, the research did not address variability between HMC and LMC grade, weight, and values. In crop year 2001, a study was conducted in Georgia on runner-type peanuts to address variability in HMC and LMC grade, weight, and values. As farmer stock lots entered the buying point each lot was graded and weighed six times at HMC. The prediction equations estimated from the 1998 and 1999 studies were applied to the HMC values to obtain predicted grades, lot weights, and lot values. The lot was cured and graded and weighed six times at LMC and compared to the six predicted grades, lot weights, and lots values. Thirty-two farmer stock lots were included in the study. There were no significant differences in mean grade, lot weight, or lot value between the predicted and actual LMC values. Sound mature kernels and sound splits (SMKSS) differed by 0.07%. Mean lot weight differed by 7.7 kg (0.13%). Mean lot value differed by $20.11 (0.53%). Variability between predicted and actual SMKSS, lot weight, and lot value was not significantly different.

Effect of Moisture Variations on Curing Rate of GR-S

1949 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 775-785
Author(s):  
Ian C. Rush ◽  
S. C. Kilbank
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Cent Moisture ◽  
Synthetic Rubber ◽  
Effect Of Moisture ◽  
Master Batch ◽  
Mixed Batch

Abstract Variations which are beyond experimental error have occurred in the rate of curing of GR-S control and production lot samples tested in this laboratory. It is believed that other laboratories in the synthetic rubber industry have encountered similar variations. Changes in the moisture content of the compounded stock at the time of curing have been suspected of causing the fluctuations in the rate of curing. Several papers on the effect of moisture on the rate of curing of GR-S have dealt largely with relatively high moisture contents. However, this investigation was undertaken to correlate the 300 per cent modulus with the moisture contained in the stock at the time of cure. Rupert and Gage observed that, in testing a large master batch of GR-S at intervals, variations in the rate of curing and modulus values beyond experimental error occurred without any apparent relation to time of standing. The same authors have shown that both GR-S raw polymer and compounded stock absorbs or adsorbs moisture from the air, the amount depending on the humidity of the air. Braendle and Wiegand have shown that the moisture content of rubber-grade carbon black during storage can vary from 0 to 4 per cent. Samples of black taken in this laboratory between December 1946 and March 1947 varied from 0.2 to 2.5 per cent moisture. Under the same conditions at which the black contained 1.0 per cent moisture, the other pigments (sulfur, zinc oxide and mercaptobenzothiazole) each contained roughly 0.7 per cent moisture. Two previous papers have shown that the moisture retained in a mixed batch varies in proportion to, but is less than, the moisture added to dry pigments. Both authors, however, used relatively inaccurate means to determine the water retained, and were interested in higher moisture contents than mixed batches would normally contain.

Effects of Non-uniform Kernel Moisture Content on Moisture Measurement of Corn

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-93
Author(s):  
Bíborka Gillay ◽  
David B. Funk
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Measurement ◽  
Safe Storage ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Moisture Meter ◽  
Percent Moisture ◽  
New Crop ◽  
The U.S

The price paid for corn is usually based on 15.0 or 15.5 percent moisture content. However, corn must be dried below 13 percent moisture to ensure safe storage for a year or more. In the U.S., such stored corn cannot be directly remoistened before selling it, but it can be mixed with moist new-crop corn. Accurate moisture measurement of mixtures of dry and moist corn is important to permit adjustment of blending ratios to maximize profitability, but grain moisture meters are less accurate for mixtures of wet and dry grain. This research evaluated the differences between dielectric-type moisture meter results for mixed and equilibrated corn samples at different moisture levels and different measurement frequencies. Equilibrated grain samples tended to give lower moisture results than recently mixed grain samples - especially in the 1 to 10 MHz region. These differences permitted detection of mixtures by using moisture measurements at two frequencies.

The Smoulder Stream of Cigarettes / Zur Kenntnis des Glimmstromes von Cigaretten

1965 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Seehofer ◽  
W. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Spatial Position ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Cigarette Paper ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe phenomenon of the smoulder stream flowing through the cigarette during smouldering and during the puff intervals is demonstrated for the first time and its dependence upon physical conditions is examined. The volume of the smoulder stream can amount up to 180 ml per cigarette. Increasing draw resistance of the cigarette and augmenting moisture content of the tobacco as well as perforation of the cigarette paper have a decreasing effect on volume and velocity of the smoulder stream. The porosity of the cigarette paper has no perceptible influence. The spatial position of the cigarette affects volume and velocity of the smoulder stream. The influence exercised by the smoulder stream on the yields of total condensate, nicotine, phenols, aldehydes, and acroleine when the cigarette tip is open during the puff intervals is determined. When the moisture contents of the tobacco were extremely high, yield decreases reaching 50 % could be observed.

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