scholarly journals Effect of Calcium Source and Irrigation on Soil and Plant Cation Concentrations in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
K.D. Pegues ◽  
R.S. Tubbs ◽  
G.H. Harris ◽  
W.S. Monfort
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Dolomitic Lime ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Calcium Source ◽  
Lime Application

ABSTRACT Calcium improves seed formation and development of peanut kernels. Two primary sources of Ca fertilization in peanut are gypsum (CaSO4) and dolomitic lime (CaMg[CO3]2+CaCO3). Objectives of this research are to determine whether gypsum, lime, or application of both influences pH, extractable [Ca], [Mg], and [K] in the soil along with nutrient absorption, yield, and total sound mature kernels (TSMK) in peanut pods in irrigated compared to non-irrigated conditions. Experiments conducted in Tifton, GA in 2016 and 2017 evaluated Ca treatments with no supplemental Ca fertilizer, gypsum (330 kg Ca/ha) applied at first bloom, lime (897 kg Ca/ha) applied at planting, and lime (897 kg Ca/ha) applied at planting followed by gypsum (330 kg Ca/ha) applied at first bloom. Irrigating increased soil pH, [Ca] and [Mg] in pods, plus yield and TSMK of peanut. Irrigation also decreased [K] in pods, which was correlated with increased pod [Ca]. Soil pH and soil [Ca], [Mg], and [K] were influenced by fertilizer treatment, along with [Ca] and [Mg] in pods. Applications of lime increased pH and soil [Ca]. Lime also increased soil [Mg] when applied alone, but not when gypsum was also included. Application of gypsum reduced soil [Mg] when applied alone, but not when lime was included. The inclusion of both lime and gypsum reduced soil [K] compared to no application. These results display the competition of cations in soil. In peanut pods, using lime and gypsum increased [Ca] compared to no application, or only lime. However, when only gypsum was used, it reduced [Mg] in pods compared to a lime application or no fertilization. Although Ca fertilization did not affect yield, TSMK was greater when lime followed by gypsum were applied in sequence than where neither were applied in 2016. It is important to realize that applications of Ca can also influence concentrations of other cations important for growth. Peanut growers are encouraged to conduct soil tests to ensure soil [Mg] is not deficient or borderline before choosing to apply gypsum, and may require a supplemental Mg fertilizer if dolomitic lime was not applied.

Effects of a Lime Slurry on Soil pH, Exchangeable Calcium, and Peanut Yields

1979 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Adams ◽  
Dallas Hartzog
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Exchangeable Calcium ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Ap Horizon ◽  
Limestone Soil ◽  
Low Rate

Abstract The effectiveness of a low rate of lime slurry for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production was evaluated on four Coastal Plain soils of southeastern Alabama. The four experimental sites were selected on farmers' fields because of their low soil pH and low exchangeable Ca. Lime was applied just prior to planting at a 560-kg/ha rate and at the recommended rate; lime sources included a slurry, an equally-fine dry limestone, and an agricultural-grade limestone. Soil pH and exchangeable Ca of the Ap horizon were measured by depth increments when crop was harvested. Lime slurry and dry lime at equivalent rates had identical effects on soil pH and peanut yields. The 560-kg/ha rate was inadequate for maximum peanut yields on Ca-deficient soils. The recommended rate of agricultural-grade limestone was more reactive than the low rate of lime slurry, and it also produced higher peanut yields.

scholarly journals Effets du Précédent Cultural de L’arachide (Arachis Hypogaea L.) et de la Fumure Minérale sur la Production du Coton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (34) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
N’Goran Kouadio Emmanuel ◽  
Ama Tamia Joséphine Epse Abina ◽  
Yoboue Ahou Natachat Epse Kouakou
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Cotton Plants ◽  
The Impact

Pour restaurer et améliorer la fertilité des sols en culture de coton, l’arachide (Arachis hypogaea L) a été utilisée comme précédent cultural. L’expérimentation a été faite suivant un dispositif en blocs de Fisher avec quatre (4) répétitions et cinq (5) traitements, sur deux années (2018 et 2019). Les résultats ont montré que l’arrière effet de l’arachide (la biomasse et l’azote résiduel issue de la symbiose entre la légumineuse et les bactéries) a amélioré la croissance et le développement végétatif des plants de cotonnier. L’impact de cet apport organique s’est traduit par des plants de cotonniers statistiquement plus grand, (hauteur supérieur à 100 cm) pour le traitement T5 (précédent arachide + dose complet d’engrais). Le traitement T4 (précédent arachide + ½ dose d’engrais) quant à lui a généré un nombre moyen de capsules supérieur à 8 à la seconde campagne. Il ressort également que le précédent arachide associé à la dose complète et à la demi dose de fumure minérale améliore mieux le rendement du coton-graine. Des gains de 3 à 14 % à la 1ère campagne et 19 à 58 % à la deuxième campagne ont été enregistrés. Ainsi, la rotation arachide/coton est une bonne pratique, à encourager. To restore and improve soil fertility in cotton cultivation, peanut (Arachis hypogaea L) was used as a previous crop. The experimentation was done in a Fisher block design with four (4) replications and five (5) treatments, over two years (2018 and 2019). The results showed that the after-effect of the peanut (biomass and residual nitrogen from the symbiosis between the legume and the bacteria) improved the growth and vegetative development of the cotton plants. The impact of this organic fertilizer resulted in statistically larger cotton plants (height greater than 100 cm) for treatment T5 (previous groundnut + full dose of fertilizer). Treatment T4 (previous groundnut + ½ dose of fertilizer) generated an average number of bolls greater than 8 in the second season. It also appears that the groundnut precedent associated with different doses of mineral fertilizer improves seed cotton yields. Gains of 3 to 14% in the first season and 19 to 58% in the second season were recorded. Thus, the groundnut/cotton rotation is a good practice that should be encouraged.

scholarly journals Effect of Genotypes and Environments on Oil Content and Oil Quality Parameters and Their Correlation in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)1

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Dwivedi ◽  
S. N. Nigam ◽  
R. Jambunathan ◽  
K. L. Sahrawat ◽  
G. V. S. Nagabhushanam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Fe Content

Abstract The quality of edible oils is now receiving increasing consideration from consumers and processors. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of environments on oil content and fatty acid composition in peanut. The correlation between oil content and oil quality parameters was also studied. Thirteen peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes were grown in 12 environments for the study. Soils at experiment locations differed significantly for pH, EC, and N, P, Zn, Mn, and Fe contents. Significant genotype, environment, and genotype x environment interaction effects were observed for oil content, individual fatty acid contents, and derived oil quality parameters. The original range of 34-54% of oil content based on one season/location evaluation in these lines was not repeatable, and ranged from 45-50% in multilocation evaluation. Oil content was positively correlated with soil pH and Fe content. The correlation of oleic and linoleic acid content with soil pH and Fe content was positive in the former and negative in the latter. The oil content was positively correlated with O/L ratio. Oliec and linoleic acid contents were negatively correlated. Selection for reduced linoleic acid level in genotypes would also reduce levels of total long chain saturated fatty (TLCSF) acids. Of the thirteen genotypes tested, ICG 5856, ICG 5369, and ICGV 87124 could be used in breeding for improved oil quality.

Reevaluation of calcium source for runner-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2022 ◽  
Vol 277 ◽  
pp. 108402
Author(s):  
Rui Yang ◽  
Julie A. Howe ◽  
Glendon H. Harris ◽  
Kris B. Balkcom
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Calcium Source

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pupuk Kalium Dan Fosfat Terhadap Ketersediaan Dan Serapan Fosfat Tanaman Kacang Tanah (Arachis Hypogaea L.) Pada Tanah Brunizem

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabet Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizers ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Available Phosphate

The aim of this research was to investigate the availability and uptake of phosphate with the application of potassium and phosphate fertilizers in brunizem soil.  The experiment was arranged in a factorial completely Randomized Design which tested various levels of KCl (no calium, 0.2 g/5 kg soil and 0.4 g/5 kg soil) and SP-36 (no fosfat, 0.35 g/5 kg soil and 0.70 g/5 kg soil) fertilizers. The result showed a significant effect of potassium fertilizer treatments on soil pH. The best rate of potassium fertilizer was 0.4 g KCl per pot or 160 kg KCl ha-1.  Phosphate fertilizer treatment gave a significant effect on soil pH, available phosphate and phosphate uptake.  The best rate of phosphate fertilization was 0.70 g SP-36 per pot or 240 kg SP-36 ha-1. 

Runner and Virginia Type Peanut Response to Gypsum in Relation to Soil Calcium Level1

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Gaines ◽  
M. B. Parker ◽  
M. E. Walke
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Soil Calcium ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Per Se

Abstract Research reports relating peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) response to gypsum at varying soil Ca levels are limited for the runner types and non-existent for the Virginia type NC-7. Twenty-nine gypsum experiments were conducted from 1982 to 1987 with Florunner on six soils. Seven gypsum experiments were conducted on four soils with Virginia types, six with NC-7 and one with Early Bunch. Pod yields of Florunner peanuts were increased by gypsum in 4 of 10 experiments with Mehlich-1 soil Ca ranging from 221 to 538 kg/ha and in all 7 Virginia type peanut experiments with soil Ca ranging from 168 to 1559 kg/ha. However, soil Ca concentration influenced the degree of response of the Virginia types since pod yield response to gypsum declined with increased soil Ca concentration and reached 95% of maximum yield at 1544 kg soil Ca/ha. The percentage of sound mature kernels (SMK) of Florunner peanuts was not affected by gypsum, but the SMK and extra large kernels of the Virginia types were increased by gypsum up to 540 kg soil Ca/ha. Soil pH varied from 5.4 to 7.4 and there was a high correlation between soil pH and soil Ca, but there was no indication that soil pH, per se, was influencing the results. Data indicate that the critical soil Ca concentration was at least 538 kg/ha for Florunner peanuts and was near 1600 kg/ha for the NC-7 Virginia type.

scholarly journals The Nature of Yield Responses of Florunner Peanuts To Lime

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Adams ◽  
D. L. Hartzog
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Mg Deficiency ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
On Farm

Abstract The effectiveness of spring-applied agricultural limestone and topdressed gypsum as Ca sources for Florunner peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production was determined in 78 on-farm experiments in southeastern Alabama during 1972–1979. Dolomitic and calcine limestones were incorporated into the upper 10 cm of soil at a rate of 2.24 metric ton/ha, and gypsum (CaSO4 •2H2 O) was topdressed at early bloom at 560 kg/ha. Limestone and gypsum were essentially equal sources of Ca except on a Bonifay sand where gypsum was inferior. Lime applied in this manner apparently increased yield and grade because of its Ca content and not because it increased soil pH. Limestone disked-in just prior to planting did not need a Ca supplement in the form of top-dressed gypsum. Only one instance of Mg deficiency was identified, and that was on a low-Mg soil with very little clay in its profile.

GERMINACIÓN DE SEMILLAS DE CACAHUATE (Arachis hypogaea L.) UTILIZANDO DIFERENTES DOSIS DE GIBERELINA.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. García Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Objetivo: Evaluar la germinación de cacahuate (Arachis hypogaea L.) mediante el uso de diferentes dosis de ácido giberélico (GA3). Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Se empleó un diseño completamente al azar. Se utilizaron tres tratamientos con 20 repeticiones. Tratamiento 1: 0.05gr/L de ácido giberélico (GA3), Tratamiento 2: 0.10gr/L de ácido giberélico (GA3), Tratamiento 3: 0.15gr/L de ácido giberélico (GA3) y Tratamiento 0: Testigo. Se utilizaron semillas de cacahuate de la variedad Virginia. Los parámetros a evaluar fueron, la altura de plántula, número de hojas, medida de raíz y biomasa.  Las medias fueron comparadas por la prueba de Tukey a un nivel del 5% de confianza. Resultados: Los tratamientos indicaron que el Tratamiento 0 (Testigo) obtuvo un porcentaje de germinación de 85%, siendo mayor que el tratamiento 3 (0.15gr/L de GA3) con un 75% de germinación, sin embargo, el tratamiento 1 (0.05gr/L de GA3) y 2 (0.10gr/L de GA3) presentaron una mejor respuesta al obtener un 95% de germinación cada uno. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: El tratamiento 3 causa efectos negativos en la germinación de la planta. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Es necesario dar seguimiento a la investigación para un mejor control del ambiente y ampliar las dosis de GA3, así como aumentar la velocidad de germinación aplicando 0.15gr/L de GA3.

QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA E SANITÁRIA DE SEMENTES DE AMENDOIM (Arachis hypogaea L.) ARMAZENADAS

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Diniz ◽  
C.L. Silva ◽  
M.B. Muniz ◽  
V.P. Queiroga ◽  
R.L.A. Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L
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