Eating Well with Canada's Food Guide: “A Tool for the Times”

2007 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary A.A. Bush ◽  
Chantal Martineau ◽  
Janet A. Pronk ◽  
Danielle Brulé
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Expert Advice ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Nutrient Requirement ◽  
Dietary Reference Intakes ◽  
The Times

This article outlines the processes undertaken to revise Canada's Food Guide and shares the updated science that underpins the dietary pattern. The Dietary Reference Intakes provide updated nutrient requirement values and better tools for dietary assessment and planning. Alignment with this updated science was an important component of defining and communicating accurate dietary guidance for Canada. Ensuring that stakeholders had access to the updated review of requirements led to the development of the text Dietary Reference Intakes: The Essential Guide to Nutrient Requirements. Equally important was ensuring that stakeholders were provided opportunity to influence the approach taken to giving dietary guidance, both content and the elements of the final package. A combination of research, consultation and expert advice guided the process to the release of Eating Well with Canada's Food Guide(2007).

scholarly journals Chicken feed optimization using evolution strategies and firefly algorithm

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Nugroho Sihananto ◽  
M. Shochibul Burhan ◽  
Wayan Firdaus Mahmudy
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Firefly Algorithm ◽  
Metaheuristic Algorithms ◽  
Evolution Strategies ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Nutrient Requirement ◽  
Know How ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Classic Approach

Mixing broiler chicken and layer hens feed using various feed ingredients is a difficult task. The feed must fulfill the minimum nutrient requirement and must break the constraint. Some classic approach like Pearson’s Square has been already introduced to solve this problem. However, the approaches cannot guarantee to fulfill nutrient requirements and desirable price. The two metaheuristic algorithms Evolution Strategies (ES) and Firefly Algorithms (FA) are being proposed in this paper to know how well they performed this problems. Result show that ES is perform much better compared to classic Pearson’s Square, but ES itself is outperform by FA on both cases.

scholarly journals Micronutrient Intake Adequacy in Men and Women with a Healthy Japanese Dietary Pattern

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Tomoko Ito ◽  
Kumpei Tanisawa ◽  
Ryoko Kawakami ◽  
Chiyoko Usui ◽  
Kaori Ishii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Dietary Reference Intakes ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Healthy Dietary Pattern

This study examined the relationship between a healthy Japanese dietary pattern and micronutrient intake adequacy based on the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese 2015 (DRIs-J 2015) in men and women. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1418 men and 795 women aged 40–87 years, who participated in the Waseda Alumni’s Sports, Exercise, Daily Activity, Sedentariness, and Health Study. Dietary patterns were derived from principal component analysis of the consumption of 52 food and beverage items, which were assessed by a validated brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Micronutrient intakes were quantified using the dietary reference intakes score (DRIs-score) for 21 micronutrients (based on DRIs-J 2015). The healthy dietary pattern score was significantly and positively correlated with the intakes of all 21 micronutrients used for constructing the DRIs-score in men and in women (each, p < 0.001). In both sexes, the healthy dietary pattern scores were strongly and positively associated with DRIs-scores (in men: ρ = 0.806, p < 0.001; in women: ρ = 0.868, p < 0.001), and the DRIs-scores reached a plateau around the highest tertile of the healthy dietary pattern score. These results indicate that a healthy Japanese dietary pattern is associated with adequate micronutrient intakes based on the DRIs-J 2015 in both men and women.

Applications of Dietary Reference Intakes in dietary assessment and planning

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan I Barr
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy ◽  
Dietary Reference Intakes ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Macronutrient Distribution ◽  
Individual Requirement

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are used for assessing and planning diets of individuals and groups. Assessing individual intakes is complicated by the fact that neither the individual's usual nutrient intake nor their individual requirement is known. However, the degree of confidence that intakes are adequate or excessive can be estimated. Assessing diets of groups requires information on the group's usual nutrient intake distribution, which can be obtained by statistically adjusting 1 d intake distributions to remove within-person variability. For most nutrients with an Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), the group prevalence of inadequate intakes can be approximated by the percent whose usual intakes are less than the EAR. However, the prevalence of inadequacy cannot be determined for nutrients with an Adequate Intake (AI). The goals of planning are a low risk (for individuals) or low prevalence (for groups) of inadequate or excessive nutrient intakes. For individuals, these goals are met by planning intakes that meet the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) or AI, are below the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL), and fall within the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs). For groups, planning involves estimating a "target" usual intake distribution with an acceptably low prevalence less than the EAR and greater than the UL, planning menus to achieve the target distribution, and assessing the results.Key words: nutrition assessment, dietary planning, nutrient adequacy.

scholarly journals Reproducibility and validity of dietary patterns identified using factor analysis among Chinese populations

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 842-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Hong ◽  
Qing Ye ◽  
Zhiyong Wang ◽  
Huafeng Yang ◽  
Xupeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Food Groups

AbstractIn the present study, we evaluated the reproducibility and validity of dietary patterns among Chinese adult populations. A random subsample of 203 participants (aged 31–80 years) from a community-based nutrition and health survey was enrolled. An eighty-seven-item FFQ was administered twice (FFQ1 and FFQ2) 1 year apart; four 3 consecutive day, 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDR, as a reference method) were performed between the administrations of the two FFQ every 3 months. Dietary patterns from three separate dietary sources were derived using factor analysis based on twenty-eight predefined food groups. Comparisons between dietary pattern scores were made by using Pearson’s or intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), cross-classification analysis, weighted κ statistic and Bland–Altman plots; the four major dietary patterns identified from FFQ1, FFQ2 and 24-HDR were similar. Regarding reproducibility, ICC for z-scores between FFQ1 and FFQ2 were all >0·6 for dietary patterns. The ‘animal and plant protein’ pattern had the highest ICC of 0·870. For validity, the adjusted Pearson’s correlation coefficients for dietary pattern z-scores between two FFQ and the mean of four 3 consecutive day 24-HDR ranged from 0·387 for the ‘Chinese traditional’ pattern to 0·838 for the ‘animal and plant protein’ pattern. More than 75 % of the participants were classified into the same or adjacent quartile, and <5 % were misclassified into opposite quartiles. The weighted κ ranged from 0·259 to 0·680. Bland–Altman plots indicated that no significant deviation was found between two dietary assessment methods. Our findings indicate a good reasonable reproducibility and a reasonable validity of dietary patterns derived by factor analysis in China.

The PREMIER Intervention Helps Participants Follow the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Dietary Pattern and the Current Dietary Reference Intakes Recommendations

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (9) ◽  
pp. 1541-1551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pao-Hwa Lin ◽  
Lawrence J. Appel ◽  
Kristine Funk ◽  
Shirley Craddick ◽  
Chuhe Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Dietary Reference Intakes

scholarly journals Exploration of individual variability to better predict the nutrient requirements of gestating sows1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 4934-4945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Gaillard ◽  
Raphaël Gauthier ◽  
Laetitia Cloutier ◽  
Jean-Yves Dourmad
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Nutrient Requirement ◽  
P Content

Abstract Sows often receive the same feed during gestation even though their nutrient requirements vary during gestation and among sows. The objective of this study was to report the variability in nutrient requirement among sows and during gestation, in order to develop a precision feeding approach. A data set of 2,511 gestations reporting sow characteristics at insemination and their farrowing performance was used as an input for a Python model, adapted from InraPorc, predicting nutrient requirement during gestation. Total metabolizable energy (ME) requirement increased with increasing litter size, gestation weeks, and parity (30.6, 33.6, and 35.5 MJ/d for parity 1, 2, and 3 and beyond, respectively, P &lt; 0.01). Standardized ileal digestible lysine (SID Lys) requirement per kg of diet increased from weeks 1 to 6 of gestation, remained stable from weeks 7 to 10, and increased again from week 11 until the end of gestation (P &lt; 0.01). Average Lys requirement increased with increasing litter size (SID Lys: 3.00, 3.27, 3.50 g/kg for small, medium and large litters, P &lt; 0.01) and decreased when parity increased (SID Lys: 3.61, 3.17, 2.84 g/kg for parity 1, 2, and 3++, P &lt; 0.01). Standardized total tract digestible phosphorus (STTD-P) and total calcium (Total-Ca) requirements markedly increased after week 9, with litter size, and decreased when parity increased (STTD-P: 1.36 vs. 1.31 g/kg for parity 1 and parity 3 and beyond; Total-Ca: 4.28 vs. 4.10 g/kg for parity 1 and parity 3 and beyond, P &lt; 0.01). Based on empirical cumulative distribution functions, a 4-diets strategy, varying in SID Lys and STTD-P content according to parity and gestation period (P1 from weeks 0 to 11, P2 from weeks 12 to 17), may be put forward to meet the requirements of 90% of the sows (2 diets for multiparous sows: P1: 2.8 g SID Lys/kg and 1.1 g STTD-P/kg; P2: 4.5 g SID Lys/kg and 2.3 g STTD-P/kg; and 2 diets for primiparous sows: P1: 3.4 g SID Lys/kg and 1.1g STTD-P/kg; P2: 5.0 g SID Lys/kg, 2.2 g STTD-P/kg). Better considering the high variability of sow requirement should thus make it possible to optimize their performance whilst reducing feeding cost and excretion. Feeding sows closer to their requirement may initially be achieved by grouping and feeding sows according to gestation week and parity, and ultimately by feeding sows individually using a smart feeder allowing the mixing of different feeds differing in their nutrient content.

scholarly journals Nutrient and Bioactive Composition of Five Gabonese Forest Fruits and Their Potential Contribution to Dietary Reference Intakes of Children Aged 1–3 Years and Women Aged 19–60 Years

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Fungo ◽  
John Muyonga ◽  
Judith Ngondi ◽  
Christian Mikolo-Yobo ◽  
Donald Iponga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Dietary Reference Intakes ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Forest Foods ◽  
Β Carotene

Widely consumed forest fruits in Gabon were analysed for nutrient and bioactive compositions and their potential contributions to meeting the nutrient requirements of consumers. Edible pulps of Panda oleosa Pierre, Gambeya lacourtiana (De Wild.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. and Poga oleosa Pierre contained substantial amounts of bioactive compounds; flavonoids (13.5–22.8 mg/100 g), proanthocyanins (2.4–7.6 mg/100 g), polyphenols (49.6–77.3 mg/100 g) and vitamin C (6.7–97.7 mg/100 g). The highest content of β-carotene (76.6 µg/100 g) was registered in fruits of Pseudospondias longifolia Engl. The fruits of P. oleosa had the highest essential minerals Fe, Zn and Se. If a child aged 1 to 3 years consumed about 200 g or if a non-lactating and non-pregnant woman consumed 300 g of Panda oleosa, Afrostyrax lepidophyllus Mildbr., G. lacourtiana, P. longifolia and Poga oleosa, they could obtain substantial DRI ranging between 20–100% for energy, vitamins C and E, iron, magnesium, iron and zinc. Forest fruits can considerably contribute towards the human nutrient requirements. Based on the results of this study, forest foods should be considered in formulating policies governing food and nutrition security in Gabon.

scholarly journals Total Usual Micronutrient Intakes Compared to the Dietary Reference Intakes among U.S. Adults by Food Security Status

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra E. Cowan ◽  
Shinyoung Jun ◽  
Janet A. Tooze ◽  
Heather A. Eicher-Miller ◽  
Kevin W. Dodd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Dietary Reference Intakes ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Home Interview ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
Food Insecure Households

This study examined total usual micronutrient intakes from foods, beverages, and dietary supplements (DS) compared to the Dietary Reference Intakes among U.S. adults (≥19 years) by sex and food security status using NHANES 2011–2014 data (n = 9954). DS data were collected via an in-home interview; the NCI method was used to estimate distributions of total usual intakes from two 24 h recalls for food and beverages, after which DS were added. Food security status was categorized using the USDA Household Food Security Survey Module. Adults living in food insecure households had a higher prevalence of risk of inadequacy among both men and women for magnesium, potassium, vitamins A, B6, B12, C, D, E, and K; similar findings were apparent for phosphorous, selenium, and zinc in men alone. Meanwhile, no differences in the prevalence of risk for inadequacy were observed for calcium, iron (examined in men only), choline, or folate by food security status. Some DS users, especially food secure adults, had total usual intakes that exceeded the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for folic acid, vitamin D, calcium, and iron. In conclusion, while DS can be helpful in meeting nutrient requirements for adults for some micronutrients, potential excess may also be of concern for certain micronutrients among supplement users. In general, food insecure adults have higher risk for micronutrient inadequacy than food secure adults.

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