scholarly journals https://www.sciencerepository.org/hpa-axis-functioning-and-food-addiction-among-individuals-suffering-from-severe-obesity-and-awaiting-bariatric-surgery_PDR-2019-3-103

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Laurent Biertho ◽  
Simone Lemieux ◽  
André Tchernof ◽  
Anne-Sophie Ouellette ◽  
Catherine Bégin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Food Cravings ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Hpa Axis Functioning ◽  
Physiological Markers ◽  
The Relationship

Similarities have been observed between substance dependence and overconsumption of food, leading to the development of the food addiction (FA) concept. While psychological markers of FA have often been documented, data on physiological markers remains scarce. This study aimed to investigate HPA-axis functioning through cortisol awakening response (CAR) in relation to FA among bariatric candidates. We hypothesized that participants presenting high FA symptomatology would present a blunted CAR when compared to participants presenting low FA symptomatology and that significant associations between CAR and eating behaviors would be observed within both groups. The final sample comprised 40 participants, who were invited to complete questionnaires and provide saliva samples upon awakening (T0, T15, and T30). Results from the two-way ANOVA with repeated measures showed a non-significant “time x group” interaction, indicating that CAR did not differ between groups. Moreover, results from correlational analyses showed different patterns of associations between CAR and eating behaviors within each group; further analyses showed that the relationship between CAR and food cravings triggered by cues in the environment was significantly moderated by FA symptomatology, as higher CAR was related to lower cue-triggered food cravings only in individuals presenting low FA symptomatology. While these findings do not support the presence of HPA-axis functioning differences in relation to FA, they suggest that the association of CAR with eating behaviors may depend on whether or not addictive tendencies are present. Further investigation of the association between CAR and eating behaviors in the context of FA will thus be essential.

scholarly journals The relationship between stress, HPA axis functioning and brain structure in first episode psychosis over the first 12 weeks of treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 231 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate L.E.P. Reniers ◽  
Belinda Garner ◽  
Christina Phassouliotis ◽  
Lisa J Phillips ◽  
Connie Markulev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Hpa Axis Functioning ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Examining HPA-axis functioning as a mediator of the relationship between depression and cognition across the adult lifespan

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimee James Karstens ◽  
Inez Korzun ◽  
Erich T. Avery ◽  
Michelle T. Kassel ◽  
Rachel Keelan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Hpa Axis Functioning ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The Overlap Between Binge Eating Behaviors and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: An Etiological Integrative Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 999-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Paganini ◽  
Gregory Peterson ◽  
Vasilis Stavropoulos ◽  
Isabel Krug
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Food Cravings ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Studies indicate that Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) features (e.g. insulin instability, food cravings, overproduction of androgens and menstrual irregularities) are associated with increased appetite, impaired impulse control and feelings of body dissatisfaction. Counter intuitively, binge eating behaviors have been shown to reinforce PCOS symptomatology, precipitating concurrently body dissatisfaction, weight gain, insulin instability and overproduction of androgens. The present systematic literature review aspires to investigate the relationship between binge eating, in the broader context of eating disorder behaviors, and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), taking into account shared characteristics between EDs (Eating Disorders) and PCOS. To address this aim, the PRISMA guidelines are adopted. A total of 21 studies, which investigated the presence of binge eating in PCOS population and the presence of PCOS in EDs population, were synthesized. Findings suggested that an increased prevalence of binge eating has been reported in women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS); and that women suffering from BN (Bulimia Nervosa) and BED (Binge Eating Disorder) are more likely to display polycystic ovaries. Further research on their shared liability is required in order to inform more efficient prevention and treatment initiatives for populations presenting with comorbid features.

scholarly journals Loneliness Mediates the Relationship Between Early Life Stress and Perceived Stress but not Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis Functioning

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Crespo-Sanmiguel ◽  
Mariola Zapater-Fajarí ◽  
Matias M. Pulopulos ◽  
Vanesa Hidalgo ◽  
Alicia Salvador
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Diurnal Cortisol ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Hpa Axis Functioning ◽  
The Relationship

Many authors have proposed that early life stress (ELS) provokes a dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and contributes negatively to the management of stress in adulthood. However, these associations have not always been observed, making it necessary to include new factors that could explain the different results found. In this regard, people with ELS experiences report less social support during adulthood, suggesting that loneliness could be a mediating factor. Thus, our aims were to investigate whether ELS was related to both perceived stress and diurnal HPA axis activity, and whether loneliness mediates these relationships, in a community sample (N=187, 18–55years old). Fourteen cortisol samples were collected on two non-consecutive days to obtain the overall diurnal cortisol, diurnal cortisol slope, and bedtime levels. Additionally, ELS was assessed with the Risky Families Questionnaire (RFQ) and the Recalled Childhood and Adolescence Perceived Stress (ReCAPS) measure. Results revealed that ELS was associated with perceived stress, but not HPA axis functioning, and loneliness mediated the relationship between ELS and perceived stress, but not between ELS and HPA axis functioning. Similar results were found for both ELS questionnaires, suggesting that the ReCAPS is an adequate tool. These results highlight the importance of loneliness in understanding the long-term effects of ELS, and they indicate different effects of ELS on subjective and physiological stress indicators.

Do Disordered Eating Behaviors Have an Effect on Food Addiction?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nural Alim ◽  
Kerim Gokustun ◽  
Gozde Caliskan ◽  
Zehra Besler
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Disordered Eating Behaviors ◽  
Cognitive Restraint ◽  
Yale Food Addiction Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Uncontrolled Eating ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between food addiction and uncontrolled eating, cognitive restraint, and emotional eating. Methods: We carried out this study with 1168 students (758 girls and 410 boys) studying at 7 different high schools in Ankara, Turkey. We used 3 measures. The first measure part assessed the participants’ demographic characteristics. We used 2 other validated measures, the Yale Food Addiction Scale and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, to assess disordered eating behaviors. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between girls (12.9%) and boys (12%) in terms of food addiction (p = .67). We found that uncontrolled eating (p < .001), cognitive restraint (p = .007), and emotional eating (p < .001) scores were higher in individuals with food addiction (60.50±22.37; 38.39±24.41 and 57.42±28.49 respectively) than those without food addiction (40.17±24.74; 32.36±25.4 and 31.11±29.46 respectively). Furthermore, these eating behaviors increased the risk of food addiction in adolescents [Uncontrolled eating: OR: 1.02 (1.01-1.03); Cognitive Restraint: OR: 1.01 (1.00-1.02); Emotional Eating: OR: 1.016(1.009-1.024)]. Conclusions: Disordered eating behaviors can be seen more frequently among adolescents with food addiction compared to those without. In addition, these eating behaviors can increase the risk of food addiction relatively.

scholarly journals PSII-37 Program Chair Poster Pick: The effect of glucocorticoids on circulating plasma concentrations of ghrelin in sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 377-378
Author(s):  
Carson Kay ◽  
Duane Keisler ◽  
Jay A Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Glucocorticoid Production ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) culminates in glucocorticoid production in sheep. Glucocorticoids alter metabolic function, which suggests concentrations of metabolically important hormones, ghrelin and growth hormone (GH), might be affected by components of the HPA axis. To clarify the relationship between the HPA axis and these hormones in ruminants, 10 Katahdin ewe lambs (1 year old; 43.3 +/- 1.3 kg) received an intravenous injection of ACTH (0.2 µg/kg BW) or saline. In a second experiment, the same lambs received an intravenous injection of the synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DEX; 2 mg/kg BW) or saline. Blood samples were collected in 15 min intervals from 1 h before injection to 2 h after. Plasma concentrations of cortisol, ghrelin, and GH were analyzed by radioimmunoassay analysis. Data were tested for effect of treatment (saline or ACTH and saline or DEX), time, and treatment by time interaction using procedures for repeated measures with JMP software (version 10; SAS Inst. Inc.). Cortisol concentrations increased in response to both ACTH and dexamethasone administration (P &lt; 0.0001). Neither ghrelin nor GH concentrations were affected by ACTH or DEX administration (P ≥ 0.4372). These data confirm ACTH influences cortisol secretion but suggest neither ACTH nor glucocorticoids impact plasma concentrations of ghrelin and GH in sheep.

Inducing Unconscious Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-201
Author(s):  
Melanie M. van der Ploeg ◽  
Jos F. Brosschot ◽  
Markus Quirin ◽  
Richard D. Lane ◽  
Bart Verkuil
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Prime Word ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Priming Task ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stress And Health

Abstract. Stress-related stimuli may be presented outside of awareness and may ultimately influence health by causing repetitive increases in physiological parameters, such as blood pressure (BP). In this study, we aimed to corroborate previous studies that demonstrated BP effects of subliminally presented stress-related stimuli. This would add evidence to the hypothesis that unconscious manifestations of stress can affect somatic health. Additionally, we suggest that these findings may be extended by measuring affective changes relating to these physiological changes, using measures for self-reported and implicit positive and negative affectivity. Using a repeated measures between-subject design, we presented either the prime word “angry” ( n = 26) or “relax” ( n = 28) subliminally (17 ms) for 100 trials to a student sample and measured systolic and diastolic BP, heart rate (HR), and affect. The “angry” prime, compared to the “relax” prime, did not affect any of the outcome variables. During the priming task, a higher level of implicit negative affect (INA) was associated with a lower systolic BP and diastolic BP. No association was found with HR. Self-reported affect and implicit positive affect were not related to the cardiovascular (CV) activity. In sum, anger and relax primes elicited similar CV activity patterns, but implicit measures of affect may provide a new method to examine the relationship between (unconscious) stress and health.

The Effects of Visual Displays in Attenuating Discrepancies Between Self-Reported and Physiological Indexes of Stress

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jenny J. W. Liu ◽  
Julia Gervasio ◽  
Kenneth Fung ◽  
Kristin Vickers
Keyword(s):  
Social Stress ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
Stress Task ◽  
Physiological Indexes ◽  
Physiological Outcomes ◽  
Physiological Markers ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study examined whether the relationship between subjective and physiological outcomes of stress, and the responsivity to stressors, are affected by whether participants can see a visual display of their physiological output. Participants were randomly assigned to have a visible view of their physiological output readings, or to a condition in which physiological output readings were out of view. Participants individually completed a 30-min laboratory study including the modified Trier Social Stress Task. Both physiological markers of stress (heart rate and blood pressure) and subjective evaluations of stress (visual analog scale) were measured. Results found little congruency across subjective and physiological measures of stress. The visible visual display condition had elevated physiological arousal, while no group differences were observed in self-reported stress. Findings from the study provide insight into the use of visual physiological displays and hold practical implications for both the measurement of stress in research, and the development of wearable technologies without accompanying response strategies.

Impact of weight stigma on preadolescents' and adolescents' disordered eating behaviors: Testing two mediation models

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Yiduo Ye ◽  
Jichang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Weight Bias ◽  
Weight Stigma ◽  
Disordered Eating Behaviors ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Weight Bias Internalization ◽  
Core Self ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mediation Models

We investigated potential mechanisms that may explain the relationship between weight stigma and disordered eating behaviors, using 2 mediation models. In the first model we hypothesized that the relationship between weight stigma and disordered eating behaviors would be mediated by weight bias internalization, and jointly mediated by both weight bias internalization and core self-evaluation. In the alternative model we hypothesized that this relationship would be mediated by core self-evaluation, and jointly mediated by both core selfevaluation and weight bias internalization. Participants were 421 primary and secondary school students (aged 9–14 years) representing various weight categories, who responded to items about their weight stigma, weight bias internalization, core self-evaluation, and disordered eating behaviors. Results show that the 2 mediation models had a good fit to the data. Thus, improving core self-evaluation and reducing weight bias internalization appear to be significant for treating disordered eating behaviors in preadolescents and adolescents.

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