scholarly journals GROSS VALUE ADDED AS THE MAIN INDICATOR PRODUCTIVITY OF ENTERPRISES

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2(75)) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
V.F. GORYACHUK ◽  
Y.A. NAZARENKO
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Conceptual Basis ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Adequate Idea ◽  
Regional Product

Topicality. Traditionally, output and profit are used as the main indicators of enterprise productivity, but they have significant shortcomings. All this determines the relevance of the search for new indicators that will provide an adequate idea of the productivity of enterprises and a single conceptual basis for assessing the results of economic activity at the micro, mega and macro levels. Aim and tasks. To analyze the existing indicators for assessing the productivity of enterprises, to identify their main short comings. Consider the experience of the Republic of Belarus in the use of gross value added as an indicator of productivity of enterprises. Justify the use of gross value added as a conceptual basis for assessing the results of economic activity at the micro, mega and macro levels. Identify the main indicators for assessing the productivity of enterprises on the basis of gross value added. Research results. As the main indicators of the enterprise, use "output" and "profit". The first indicator consists of gross value added and intermediate consumption and therefore it depends on the performance of other enterprises. In this case, the external contribution can be decisive and therefore the indicator "output" does not give an adequate idea of the productivity of enterprises. Another key indicator of enterprise activity is profit. With a focus on it, wages, social security financing and employee training are the costs of the enterprise and the smaller they are, the greater the company's profits. But in modern conditions to ensure sustainable economic development of the individual enterprise and the country as a whole, it is important to consider that employees are carriers of intellectual capital. The loss or reduction of this capital can lead to more significant losses than the loss of physical and financial capital. Under such conditions, it is advisable to change the benchmark, namely the use of gross value added as the main indicator of productivity of the enterprise. It is on the basis of this indicator that the main result of economic activity of the country (gross domestic product) and regions (gross regional product) is determined. Gross value added is a very important indicator in terms of meeting the needs of all stakeholders in the performance of the enterprise: employees, business owners, the state. The indicator "gross value added" is the main indicator of the enterprise in terms of the interests of society as a whole, and the indicator "profit" - the main in terms of the interests of business owners. The presence of these two indicators reflects the contradiction between the interests of society and business owners. Conclusion. Gross value added has a greater analytical value than the indicators "output" and "profit", because, firstly, it gives a more adequate picture of the results of enterprises, secondly, it determines the potential for capital accumulation and thirdly provides a single conceptual basis for evaluation of economic performance at the micro, mega and macro levels.

scholarly journals CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF EVALUATION OF ACTIVITIES OF ENTERPRISES AND THEIR CAPITALIZATION BASED ON VALUE ADDED

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3(68)) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
YU.A. NAZARENKO
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Gross Regional Product ◽  
Conceptual Basis ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Adequate Representation ◽  
Regional Product

Topicality. In today's financial and economic analysis of the company's main indicators are output and profit, but they have significant disadvantages. The indicator "output" includes the results of the activities of suppliers of goods and services and, accordingly, does not provide adequate representation about the results of the enterprise itself. And the indicator "profit" reflects the interests of only the owners of the enterprise. Its use encourages lower wages, social security financing and employee training, and also indicates a contradiction between the interests of society and the owners of enterprises. All this determines the relevance of the definition of indicators that will ensure an adequate representation of the results of the enterprise and a single conceptual framework for assessing the results of economic activity at the micro, mega and macro levels. Aim and tasks. Analyze the existing indicators of assessing the effectiveness of the enterprise, to determine their main disadvantages. Consider the possibility of using the indicator �gross value added� as the main indicator of an enterprise. Conduct a comparative analysis of the possibility of using different variants of the indicator �value added� to assess the performance of an enterprise. Consider using the indicator �gross value added� as a conceptual basis for evaluating the economic activities at the micro, mega and macro levels.. Research results. As the main indicators of the enterprise, using "output" and "profit". The first indicator consists of gross value added and intermediate consumption. The latter is the result of the activities of other enterprises. In this case, the external contribution can be decisive, and therefore the indicator "output" does not provide adequate representation of the results of enterprises. Another key indicator of enterprise activity is profit. At orientation to it, payment of labor, financing of social security and training of employees is the cost of the enterprise and the less they are, the greater the profit of the enterprise. But in modern conditions, in order to ensure sustainable economic development of a separate enterprise and the country as a whole, it is important to consider that hired workers are carriers of intellectual capital. Loss or reduction of this capital may lead to more significant losses than loss of physical and financial capital. Under such conditions, it is advisable to use the indicator "gross value added" as the main indicator of the effectiveness of the enterprise. Based on this indicator, the main result of the country's economic activity (gross domestic product) and regions (gross regional product) is determined. Gross value added is a very important indicator in terms of meeting the needs of all stakeholders in the productive activity of the company's: employees, owners of the enterprise, the state. The "gross value added" indicator is the main indicator of the company's activities from the point of view of the interests of the whole society, and the indicator "profit" is the main one from the point of view of the owners of the enterprise. The presence of these two indicators reflects the contradiction between the interests of society and the owners of enterprises. The use of the indicator "gross value added" as the main indicator of the company's activity provides a single conceptual basis for assessing the results of economic activity at the micro, mega and macro levels. The study of literary sources suggests the use of different indicators "value-added" to assess the performance of the enterprise. The greatest recognition was given to the "Economic Value Added" (EVA), "Shareholder Value Added " (SVA) and "Market Value Added" (MVA). According to the results of the analysis of these indicators, it was concluded that their general disadvantage is that they reflect the interests of the owners of the enterprise, and not society. Conclusions. Gross value added has a greater analytical value than profit, because, firstly, it gives a more adequate representation of the results of enterprises, and secondly, it determines the potential for capital accumulation. The use of this indicator provides a single conceptual framework for assessing the results of economic activity at the micro, mega-and macro level, since gross domestic product (GDP) and gross regional product (GRP) consist of the gross value added of all institutional units (residents), respectively, of the country and region.

scholarly journals The small and large business interaction within national economy’s gross added value reproduction in Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Kalchenko ◽  
Natalia Trusova ◽  
Diana Hrybova ◽  
Biliaiev Serhii
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Employment Share ◽  
Main Indicator

Research background: The main background of this article is the thesis that sectors of small business and large business respond differently to shifts in macroeconomic conditions. Purpose of the article: This article is devoted to empirical evidence whether there are signs of small business ability to compensate for negative trends, emerging in the sectors of large and medium-sized business in Ukraine. Methods: The dynamics of gross value added was chosen as the main indicator of small business potential to create compensatory effect for reduction in employment, share of value added and GDP, observed in sector of large and medium-sized business. For factor analysis of actual gross added value dynamics, the authors have built a multiplicative term, which expresses the different characteristics of economic activity in small, large and medium-sized business impact on the gross added value dynamics. The authors have also evaluated the specific impact of these factors using the method of chained substitution. Findings & Value added: The results obtained by factors analysis did not prove the thesis about small business capacity to compensate for the negative trends observed in the sector of large and medium business. The trend of economic activity in small business sector, trend of labor productivity, and trend in dynamics of added value share in small business output were causes of gross value added decreasing in the national economy during the period researched. These results can be interpreted as a sign that in case of unchanged quality indicators of economic activity in small business sector (in the first turn, the labor productivity and share of value added in output) this sector ability to compensate for negative trends in large business will be very doubtful.

Estimation of economic specialization of Ukrainian regions in the context of global trends

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Svitlana Ishchuk ◽  
Lyubomyr Sozanskyy
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Value Added ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Economic Specialization

The scale and deep heterogeneity of the national economy of Ukraine in the regional context make the relevance of scientific research in this thematic area. The purpose of the article is to determine the economic specialization of the regions of Ukraine by key economic activities contributing to the formation of gross value added, as well as outlining the potential risks to the national economy, taking into account the situation on world commodity markets. The results of the research showed that one of the consequences of the unstable dynamics of industrial production in Ukraine under the influence of geopolitical and macroeconomic factors is the reduction of industrial specialization of the economy of a number of Ukrainian regions. Thus, in 2017 the manufacturing was the leading economic activity (with the highest share in the gross value added created) in 11 regions, compared to 15 in 2012. So Poltava, Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk and Zaporizhzhya regions are considered to be “highly industrial”. At the same time, the agrarian specialization of the economy of Ukraine and its regions deepened – in 2017 agriculture became the leading type of economic activity in 11 regions (compared to 7 in 2012). The most “agrarian” in Ukraine (with a share of agriculture in gross value added over 30%) in 2017 became the Kherson, Kirovohrad and Khmelnytsky regions. Increasing the level of “agrarianization” of the national economy in the context of volatility of agricultural commodity prices on the world markets poses significant risks for the socio-economic development of Ukraine and its regions. These risks are exacerbated by the high amplitude of fluctuations in the volume and structure of domestic agricultural products and the low degree of processing of raw materials. To improve the structure of domestic commodity exports (in the direction of increasing its share of products with a higher degree of processing) and to deepen its diversification, a number of measures should be carried out aimed at stimulating export activity of enterprises (industrial and agro-industrial), carrying out technical and technological re-equipment of industrial and export production bases, creation of new high-tech industries on the basis of the implementation of powerful innovation and investment projects.

scholarly journals ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH BUNGA POTONG KRISAN PADA NINGSIH FLORIST DI KOTA TOMOHON

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merry Shenly Tololiu ◽  
Paulus A. Pangemanan ◽  
Caroline B. D. Pakasi
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Net Value Added

The objective of this research is to analyze the value added of chrysanthemum flowers on Ningsih Florist. The research was conducted for 4 months in Kakaskasen II, Tomohon City. The data were obtained by direct interviews with business owners and then analyzed by descriptive quantitatively. The research results showed that acceptance ningsih florist business where the average monthly spending ± 5.148 stalk of chrysanthemum flowers with the acceptance of all the flower arrangements, namely IDR. 66,040,000.00. Enterprises chrysanthemum flower arrangements by Ningsih Florist as a whole can benefit and deserves to be developed. It is based on the analysis of the value added that gross value added amounted to IDR. 16,729,984.20, net value added IDR. 16,683,734.20, value added every feedstock IDR. 3249.80 / stalk. The calculated value added that each item is flower corsage flower arrangement has the value added IDR. 4,424 / item, bouquets IDR. 212 249 / item, flower table IDR. 914 / item, floral wreaths IDR. 8,615 / item, and flower board IDR. 115 140 / item.

scholarly journals Enterprise’s performance evaluation on the basis of value added

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doina Pacurari ◽  
Mircea Muntean
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Important Indicator

Important indicator, used in performance analysis, value added expresses enterprise’s contribution to national gross domestic product. The value added through economic activity developed by enterprise should assure the remuneration of all its life  participants: employees, investors, state and enterprise itself. Information referring to enterprise capacity of generating<br />value added should be based on decisions concerning future enterprise decisions. The present article presents, by means of a case study, value added calculation (by subtractive and additive<br />method) and their analysis.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Dynamics of Structural Processes in the Context of Ensuring Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Lilia Simkiv ◽  
Svitlana Shults ◽  
Olena Lutskiv ◽  
Uliana Andrusiv
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Interregional Differentiation ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Structural Mass

The tendencies and the extent of structural changes in the economy of the regions of Ukraine in the context of ensuring its sustainable development  are examined in the context of the types of economic activity in terms of gross value added (GVA) during 2011-2018. In particular, the rate of change in the share of the structural mass of the economy of the regions that occurred during this period is estimated; the dynamic processes that took place in the structure of the economy of Ukrainian regions are analyzed. The analysis of the mass of structural changes shows their insignificant scale and reduction of the share in the structure of gross value added of such types of economic activity as industry, construction and finance. The estimation of intensity of structural changes by an indicator of average rates of their change shows low and rather differentiated level of intensity of structural changes in the context of types of economic activity. During the analyzed period, the annual average rate of structural changes in Ukraine was 0.131. Based on the calculation of the rate of structural changes, it is proved that structural changes in the economy of Ukraine are quite slow and are characterized by significant interregional differentiation, and the lack of positive dynamics in increasing the speed of structural changes in education is the main obstacle to creating an innovation-oriented model of economic development and reorientation of the structure of the regional economy to the requirements of the post-industrial type to the established concepts and dominants of sustainable development in accordance with EU standards.

scholarly journals The Use of Economic and Mathematical Modeling in Assessing the Competitiveness of Tourism Industry Enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
S. N. Medvedeva ◽  
V. P. Pavlyuk
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Gross Regional Product ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Tourism Potential ◽  
Regional Product

Purpose of research. Tourism is the most important object in the system of modern economic relations. Its main goal is to create an environment conducive to meeting the needs of tourists, which ensure a steady flow of funds. In turn, the economic subsystem solves the problem of creating a competitive tourism industry – the most important determinant of economic growth. Therefore, the study of the competitiveness of the tourism industry market in ensuring sustainable economic growth of the state and increasing the well-being of the population is an extremely relevant direction in a market economy.At the moment, many international, domestic methods are used to assess the level of competitiveness (competitive opportunities). Methodological support for a comprehensive assessment of the competitiveness of tourism industry enterprises based on economic and mathematical models requires further development. An algorithm for assessing regional competitiveness is given on the example of building an econometric model, and testing it for its practical significance.The purpose of our study is to identify the factors affecting the increase in the level of competitiveness of the tourism potential of the Sevastopol region to ensure a sustainable influx of tourists.Materials and methods. The study of the level of increasing competitiveness based on the use of economic and mathematical modeling in the regional aspect is carried out. The «Gretl» software package was used as a statistical tool for the study. The study of the level of competitiveness in the field of the tourism industry in the Sevastopol region is carried out on the basis of a sample of 50 enterprises of the tourism industry, determined by the rating of the volume of gross revenues received per year. To model the share of the gross value added of the tourism industry in the gross regional product at the regional level, we considered the annual financial and economic data of the activities of travel companies, as well as the macroeconomic indicators of the Sevastopol region from 2015-2019. The processing of economic and financial indicators characterizing the micro- and macroeconomics, identification and interpretation of the model is made using computer technologies, in particular the Gretl software package.Results. According to the results of the study, the nature of the relationship between the share of the gross value added of the tourism industry in the gross regional product and the consumer price index, the growth rate of retail turnover, the growth rate of public catering turnover, and the quantity of registered crimes was revealed. Economic and mathematical modeling was carried out using various approaches to constructing the equations of the general model by the least squares method, with fixed or random effects.Conclusion. The article discusses the modeling of competitive advantages in the tourism industry, which makes it possible to determine the significant parameters of independent variables, and it was also proposed that the model with fixed effects is the most adequate for predicting the tourism potential of the Sevastopol region.It should be noted that it is almost impossible to achieve an increase in competitiveness by chance. Therefore, a set of methods and techniques is needed that form an innovative competitiveness management system. The implementation of such a system is directly related to the analysis and assessment of the whole variety of conditions and factors for the functioning of the subjects of the tourism industry.

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