scholarly journals SARC-F test in Sarcopenia and Frailty: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Gülistan Bahat
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tool ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Geriatric Syndrome ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Formal Tool ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Potential Use

SARC-F is a commonly used screening tool for sarcopenia case finding due to its user-friendly and very practical application. It has been introduced to screen for sarcopenia with simple functional questions obviating the need for the measurement of muscle mass. A score equal to or greater than 4 has been reported as predictive of poor outcomes. Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome associated with well-known adverse consequences. The growing awareness of sarcopenia as a determinant of poor health in older people has underlined the importance of rapidly diagnosing sarcopenia, which will aid clinicians for implementing prevention and treatment strategies. It has been recommended formal tool for sarcopenia screening/case-finding. In this narrative review, we aimed to evaluate the use of SARC-F, its ability to screen and diagnose sarcopenia and its potential use in the fields other than sarcopenia, i.e. frailty. We conclude that SARC-F stands as one of the most useful and applied tool in studies focusing on screening and diagnosis of sarcopenia. In addition, it has a great potential to be used as a frailty screening tool.

scholarly journals Renal Manifestations of Fabry Disease: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205435812098562
Author(s):  
Cassiano Augusto Braga Silva ◽  
José A. Moura-Neto ◽  
Marlene Antônia dos Reis ◽  
Osvaldo Merege Vieira Neto ◽  
Fellype Carvalho Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Fabry Disease ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Formal Tool ◽  
General Aspects ◽  
Progressive Accumulation ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Worse Prognosis

Purpose of review: In this narrative review, we describe general aspects, histological alterations, treatment, and implications of Fabry disease (FD) nephropathy. This information should be used to guide physicians and patients in a shared decision-making process. Source of information: Original peer-reviewed articles, review articles, and opinion pieces were identified from PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Only sources in English were accessed. Methods: We performed a focused narrative review assessing the main aspects of FD nephropathy. The literature was critically analyzed from a theoretical and contextual perspective, and thematic analysis was performed. Key findings: FD nephropathy is related to the progressive accumulation of GL3, which occurs in all types of renal cells. It is more prominent in podocytes, which seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis of this nephropathy. A precise detection of renal disorders is of fundamental importance because the specific treatment of FD is usually delayed, making reversibility unlikely and leading to a worse prognosis. Limitations: As no formal tool was applied to assess the quality of the included studies, selection bias may have occurred. Nonetheless, we have attempted to provide a comprehensive review on the topic using current studies from experts in FD and extensive review of the literature.

scholarly journals ABC of prescribing exercise as medicine: a narrative review of the experiences of general practitioners and patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e001050
Author(s):  
Andrew O'Regan ◽  
Michael Pollock ◽  
Saskia D'Sa ◽  
Vikram Niranjan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
General Practice ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
System Support ◽  
Physician Characteristics ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
User Friendly

BackgroundExercise prescribing can help patients to overcome physical inactivity, but its use in general practice is limited. The purpose of this narrative review was to investigate contemporaneous experiences of general practitioners and patients with exercise prescribing.MethodPubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Cochrane reviews were reviewed using the terms ‘exercise prescription’, ‘exercise prescribing’, ‘family practice’, ‘general practice’, ‘adults’ and ‘physical activity prescribing’.ResultsAfter screening by title, abstract and full paper, 23 studies were selected for inclusion. Qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies revealed key experiences of general practitioners and patients. Barriers identified included: physician characteristics, patients’ physical and psychosocial factors, systems and cultural failures, as well as ambiguity around exercise prescribing. We present a synthesis of the key strategies to overcome these using an ABC approach: A: assessment of physical activity: involves asking about physical activity, barriers and risks to undertaking an exercise prescription; B: brief intervention: advice, written prescription detailing frequency, intensity, timing and type of exercise; and C: continued support: providing ongoing monitoring, accountability and progression of the prescription. Multiple supports were identified: user-friendly resources, workshops for doctors, guidelines for specific illnesses and multimorbidity, electronic devices, health system support and collaboration with other healthcare and exercise professionals.DiscussionThis review has identified levers for facilitating exercise prescribing and adherence to it. The findings have been presented in an ABC format as a guide and support for general practitioners to prescribe exercise.

scholarly journals Developing of a Simple Screening Tool for Opportunistic COPD Case Finding

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y M Mohamed ◽  
S H Sharkawy ◽  
D I Darwish
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Screening Questionnaire ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Simple Screening

Abstract Background Under diagnosis of COPD is serious problem in many countries world-wide because there are no generally detection tools available to detect high-risk patients for spirometry, and patients will not go for COPD check-up until a serious issue happens like exacerbation. Objective The aim of the work is trying to assess a new screening tool for early diagnosis of COPD. Patients and Methods The present study was conducted upon 500 subjects during the period from march 2018 to august 2018 who admitted to our chest department or visit our outpatient clinic, employees and visitors to Ain Sham hospitals.All subjects >40yrs who smoker or ex-smoker(≥10pack-years) applied a six variants(age,sex,packed years smoked during life ,dyspnea,chronic phlegmand chronic cohgh)questionnaire modified from PUMA questionnaire Subjects with score ≥5 did spirometry Results 500 subjects shared in the study 497 of them were males ( 99.4% )and 3 were females (.6%). 152of them(30.4%) had score <5 and 348 of them (69.6%)had score ≥5 who did spirometry.152 subjects did not perform spirometry. By spirometry we diagnosed 81(23.3) case COPD (fev1-fvc <.7) out of 348 subjects under gone spirometry and 16.2% of total subjects(500) . Conclusion Modified puma score is a simple and easy screening questionnaire for early detection of COPD cases and spirometry should be done to confirm the diagnosis or rule out.COPD is prevalent in many healthy apparent persons.

Assessment of the performance of a handheld Raman device for potential use as a screening tool in evaluating medicines quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha Hajjou ◽  
Yanyan Qin ◽  
Sanford Bradby ◽  
Daniel Bempong ◽  
Patrick Lukulay
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tool ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Medicines Quality

Geriatric Pharmacotherapy Case Series: Overactive Bladder

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 220-224
Author(s):  
Demetra Antimisiaris ◽  
Kristina Niehoff
Keyword(s):  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Older People ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Pharmacy Education ◽  
Geriatric Syndrome ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Clinical Case Studies ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Geriatric Pharmacotherapy

GERIATRIC PHARMACOTHERAPY CASE SERIES<br/> This is the first in a series of clinical case studies developed by ASCP's Pharmacy Education and Research Committee. The series reviews approaches to managing complex problems when treating older people with concurrent chronic and acute conditions.<br/> This case study reviews the treatment of a patient with overactive bladder (OAB), a geriatric syndrome that is a prevalent and multifactorial health condition associated with substantial morbidity and poor outcomes in older people. This case illustrates a counterintuitive presentation of OAB, approaches to analyzing the case, and planning for treatment.

scholarly journals Perioperative Nutritional Screening Tools Are Not Associated with Poor Outcomes After Musculoskeletal Trauma

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1136-1136
Author(s):  
Aspen Miller ◽  
John Davison ◽  
Nathan Hendrickson ◽  
Erin Wilson ◽  
Natalie Glass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tool ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Nutritional Screening ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Musculoskeletal Trauma

Abstract Objectives Malnutrition is predictive of poor outcomes after trauma. Side effects of both pain and narcotics often limit postoperative dietary intake increasing nutritional deficiencies and limiting wound healing. The purpose of this study was to compare the predictive ability of a dietician nutritional evaluation and a patient reported nutritional screening tool for post-operative complications after musculoskeletal trauma. Methods Adults with operative pelvis or long bone fractures were prospectively enrolled in a single-blinded RCT and included in this analysis. Subjects were evaluated with the Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) survey at baseline. Dietician Nutritional Assessment Screening (NAS) was performed for patients ≥65 years with low Albumin or Vitamin D, or admitted to the ICU. Complication analysis included subjects having minimum 6-month follow-up and/or ≥1 complication within six months. Spearman's Correlation was used to evaluate agreement between screening methods. Comparison using X analysis was done of complications between pre-operative assignment of malnutrition for each screening tool. Results Agreement of NAS and self-reported PG-SGA for 265 subjects demonstrated a weak correlation of rho = 0.23, P = 0.0002. Neither screening method had significant correlation for rates of non-union, mortality, medical, or surgical complications between designations of malnutrition (all P &gt; .05). Among study subjects, incidence of those having a medical or surgical complication not screened by a dietician was 31.3% and 37.7% respectively. Conclusions Results indicate inconsistency in methods for assigning malnutrition in trauma population. Additionally, designation of malnutrition by either method was not associated with post-operative complication rates. The high incidence of those with a complication who were not evaluated by a dietician during initial hospitalization (1/3rd) support the need to develop better methods for screening malnutrition after trauma. Funding Sources American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Board of Specialty Societies Quality and Patient Safety Action Fund.

Integrated Spatial Planning

GEOMATICA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-265
Author(s):  
Beat Huser
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Spatial Decision Support System ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Spatial Decision Support ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Potential Use

More than ever our planet requires new approaches, effective policies and innovative tools to better manage and protect our natural resources and the services they provide. The challenge we face is to create a future where the economy interacts sustainably with the environment and where people's welfare and well being is considered along economic, environmental, social and cultural aspects. Today's complex and interconnected issues greatly benefit from integrating information and knowledge from different disciplines to achieve enduring outcomes. Integrated spatial planning is a concept that makes use of enhanced knowledge and vastly improved technologies to explore development scenarios in a world of finite resources and to visualise trade-offs along the way. This paper discusses three key elements of spatial planning and illustrates their practical application using examples from New Zealand. A recently developed Integrated Spatial Decision Support System (WISE) is described and its potential use for place-based planning and decision-making discussed. The paper concludes with some lessons learnt and ideas for a ‘way forward’.

scholarly journals Application of Traditional Medical Ideas to Geriatric Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Seki ◽  
Shin Takayama ◽  
Masashi Watanabe ◽  
Noriko Tsuruoka ◽  
Tadao Matsunaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Lists ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Geriatric Syndrome ◽  
Gait Disorder ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Medical Settings ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Ultrasound Scanner

Background. Japan is a superaging society, with the percentage of persons aged >65 years increasing year after year. Traditional medicine (TM) for elderly has been practiced worldwide for thousands of years. Treatment methods for aspiration pneumonia, gait disorder, glaucoma, and bowel symptoms have been developed. The ideas of acupuncture, moxibustion, and herbal medicine have been implemented in modern medical settings, and medical devices using heat transfer engineering and nanotechnology have been developed. An ultrasound scanner can be used for the evaluation of effects and indications for these therapeutic measures. Objectives. To review published literature and our studies that evaluated medical treatments for the elderly on the basis of ideas of TM. Search Methods. We searched Pubmed, Scopus, and reference lists of relevant clinical trials. Authors’ Conclusions. Many studies were found. But there are insufficient data on the effects of traditional medical therapies and further research is needed. TM therapies vary widely and studies of these therapies that ascertain practical application are essential for the utilization of ideas of TM in modern medicine. Moreover, to verify practical application, a quantitative evaluation index is necessary. Nonetheless, modalities using ideas of TM may be promising treatments for some diseases in the elderly.

scholarly journals Changes in Non-Coding RNA in Depression and Bipolar Disorder: Can They Be Used as Diagnostic or Theranostic Biomarkers?

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Andrew Gibbons ◽  
Suresh Sundram ◽  
Brian Dean
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Risk Genes ◽  
Biochemical Pathways ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Potential Use

The similarities between the depressive symptoms of Major Depressive Disorders (MDD) and Bipolar Disorders (BD) suggest these disorders have some commonality in their molecular pathophysiologies, which is not apparent from the risk genes shared between MDD and BD. This is significant, given the growing literature suggesting that changes in non-coding RNA may be important in both MDD and BD, because they are causing dysfunctions in the control of biochemical pathways that are affected in both disorders. Therefore, understanding the changes in non-coding RNA in MDD and BD will lead to a better understanding of how and why these disorders develop. Furthermore, as a significant number of individuals suffering with MDD and BD do not respond to medication, identifying non-coding RNA that are altered by the drugs used to treat these disorders offer the potential to identify biomarkers that could predict medication response. Such biomarkers offer the potential to quickly identify patients who are unlikely to respond to traditional medications so clinicians can refocus treatment strategies to ensure more effective outcomes for the patient. This review will focus on the evidence supporting the involvement of non-coding RNA in MDD and BD and their potential use as biomarkers for treatment response.

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