scholarly journals Feasibility and Reliability of a Developed and Validated Forensic Recording Form for Firearm Injury

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kittisak Sripong ◽  
Wirachai Samai ◽  
Tippawan Liabsuetrakul
Keyword(s):  
Literature Search ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Agreement ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Firearm Injury ◽  
Firearm Injuries ◽  
District Hospitals

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a forensic recording form for firearm injuries and test the feasibility and reliability of its application. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The first version was developed using knowledge from the literature search and was checked for validity by 3 forensic physicians using the Content Validity Index (CVI). Feasibility was tested among physicians working at 4 district hospitals. Its reliability was analyzed by 2 forensic physicians using prevalence-adjusted and bias-adjusted kappa. Results: The validity of a developed recording form for firearm injuries was good, with a CVI of 0.8. All items were rated to be feasible, and the format of the recording was rated from good to excellent. The reliabilities ranged from poor agreement to perfect agreement. After considering the validity, feasibility and reliability tests, a final, forensic recording form was established. Conclusion: A systematically constructed forensic recording form for firearm injuries, for any physicians, with less experience in the field of gunshot cases, was developed. This form will be helpful in assisting physicians in the completion of information for any gunshot cases, which may decrease the consequences from incomplete information.

scholarly journals Emergency general surgery in Rwandan district hospitals: a cross-sectional study of spectrum, management, and patient outcomes

BMC Surgery ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Mpirimbanyi ◽  
Alexandre Nyirimodoka ◽  
Yihan Lin ◽  
Bethany L. Hedt-Gauthier ◽  
Jackline Odhiambo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spectrum Management ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Emergency General Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
District Hospitals

scholarly journals Medico-legal Study of Suspected Homicide Cases in a Teaching Hospital in Eastern Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Karn ◽  
S Jha ◽  
BK Yadav ◽  
D Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Firearm Injury ◽  
Firearm Injuries ◽  
Crime Detection ◽  
The Government

Introduction: Homicide means killing of one human being as a result of conduct of another human being. This study of medico-legal and epidemiological details of homicidal cases would help in enhancement of various stakeholders in law enforcing agencies with the view to benefit the process of scientific crime detection and proper administration of justice at large. Objective: To identify the various medico-legal and epidemiological factors involved in homicide. Materials and method: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in fatal homicide victims brought for medico-legal autopsy in BPKIHS, during the period of 15th April 2009 to 14th July 2010.Data were collected using pre tested questionnaire by direct interview to the visitors of victim, information from the police record along with postmortem examination of the victim. Results: Out of the total 50 cases, the ratio of male to female victim was 4:1. More than half of the victims were of age 21-40 years (52%). More of the homicide victims were of rural areas (56%) and illiterate (32%). Injuries by sharp weapon were most common cause of death (36%) very closely followed by firearm injuries (34%). Most of the victim remained totally deprived of any medical help (60%). Conclusion: The homicide victims in eastern Nepal constituted illiterate adult male from rural area a dominant group. Sharp weapons were commonly employed in this region for homicide. Fatality of the victim can be highly minimized if medical and surgical interventions are be promptly prearranged. Proper counselling for developing positive attitude and controlling the aggression in youth have to be Promoted at large by the government. Keywords: Homicide; Medico-legal; sharp weapon injury; firearm injury DOI: 10.3126/hren.v9i1.4356Health Renaissance, 2011: Vol.9 No.1:15-19

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study to determine the use of alternative medicines during pregnancy in the district hospitals in Manicaland, Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Liphapang Dimene ◽  
Mutseyekwa Fadzai ◽  
Jephat Chifamba ◽  
Gerald Nyakatawa ◽  
Carol Mahachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Medicines Use

Background: Traditional medicines are widely used in the rapidly growing health system and are of economic importance. The study aimed at determining the frequency, pattern of use and factors that influence traditional medicines use during pregnancy. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at four district hospitals in Manicaland, Zimbabwe, using questionnaire based convenience sampling. Results: Traditional medicines use was found to be high with 54% (n = 337) of pregnant women using traditional medicines during pregnancy. The major purpose of use of traditional medicine was found to be preparation for delivery; cervical dila- tion in particular. The following factors showed a significant statistical association for use of traditional medicines: previous mode of delivery (p = 0.006), level of education (p = 0.016), family income (p = 0.007), and residential settlement (p = 0.026). Some of the common traditional medicines used during pregnancy include Camellia sinensis, Aloe, Spirostachys Africana, Thumbergia lancifolia, Dalbergiella nyasae, Steganotaenia oraliacea, Stomatostemma monteiroae and Cussonia arborea. Conclusion: A number of pregnant women use traditional medicines as partus preparators (labour aids) throughout the entire pregnancy period. This calls for obstetricians, general practitioners and midwives to inquire about use of traditional medicine in history. Keywords: Traditional medicines; pregnancy; Zimbabwe.

scholarly journals Timely referral and safe transport of neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of tertiary care government hospital of Agra district: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2163
Author(s):  
Rudresh Negi ◽  
Renu Agrawal ◽  
Sunil K. Kaushal ◽  
Sunil K. Misra
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Government Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Safe Transport ◽  
Timely Referral ◽  
Direct Referral

Background: Timely referral and safe transport form a crucial link for the survival and safety of sick newborn. Thus the study aimed at assessing referral and transport of sick neonates admitted to NICU of a tertiary care government hospital and the factors associated with direct referral and safe final transport.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out in among 450 neonates and was based on face to face interview with caregivers. The data was analyzed using proportions and mean values Chi square test of significance and independent t test were appropriately applied and p<0.05 was taken to be statistically significant. Odds ratios were calculated for dichotomous variables.Results: 72.6% of high risk pregnancies were transferred timely in utero to district hospitals. Around two thirds (65.8%) of neonates were referred by doctors. Treatment during transportation was administered to 29.6% of the neonates. 50.2% of neonates have used the services of an ambulance at some point of time during their travel. Highly significant association of direct referral was observed with earlier age at admission (2.3 days), early development of neonatal symptoms (1.45 days), lesser gestational age (33.1 weeks) and lesser total distance travelled (15.7 km). The odds of final transport of newborns in ambulance was significantly more in males (OR=1.5), rural residents (OR=1.5) and registered pregnancies (OR=4.3).Conclusions: Wide variations remain in neonatal referral and transport with some glaring gaps which need to be adequately addressed.

scholarly journals SELF-INFLICTED FIREARM INJURIES AS COMPARED TO THE ACCIDENTAL FIREARM INJURY; A COMPARATIVE ANALYTICAL STUDY TO DETERMINE THE COMMONEST SITE OF NON-SUICIDAL SELF-INFLICTED INJURIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1937-40
Author(s):  
Syed Shehzad Hasnain ◽  
Syed Taokeer Ahmed Rizvi ◽  
Imran Ashraf ◽  
Romesa Qaiser Khan ◽  
Waseem Khan Niazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Military Hospitals ◽  
Firearm Injury ◽  
Firearm Injuries ◽  
Left Lower Limb ◽  
Marked Preference ◽  
A Site

Objective: To determine the commonest site of non-suicidal self-inflicted firearm wound in comparison with accidental firearm wounds. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospitals Jhelum, Bannu & Kharian, from Nov 2014 to Nov 2018. Methodology: Sixty-four patients with firearm injuries were observed. All the participants were males between the ages of 18- 60 years. The injuries were determined to be either self-inflicted or accidental by an independent committee. The participants’ replies and responses were assessed by dividing them into five main domains by using quantitative software SPSS version 20. Variables involving demographic characteristics of participants such as age, occupation, marital and socioeconomic status, were associated with mental health variables such as psychological stress, previous history of self-harm and clinical psychiatric illness. Result: Fifteen subjects were found to have self-inflicted injuries and 50 had accidental injuries. There was a marked preference for left foot and left lower limb as a site for non-suicidal self-inflicted injuries (94.6%) as compared to other sites (left upper extremity 1.8%, chest 1.8% and right lower extremity 1.8%). Conclusions: Left lower limb and left foot was a more common site for self-injury as compared to the other sites.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Asynchronous and Automated Telemedicine in Otolaryngology: Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

10.2196/23680 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e23680
Author(s):  
Dongchul Cha ◽  
Seung Ho Shin ◽  
Jungghi Kim ◽  
Tae Seong Eo ◽  
Gina Na ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Interrater Agreement ◽  
Diagnostic Model ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Machine Learning Model ◽  
Community Transmission

Background COVID-19 often causes respiratory symptoms, making otolaryngology offices one of the most susceptible places for community transmission of the virus. Thus, telemedicine may benefit both patients and physicians. Objective This study aims to explore the feasibility of telemedicine for the diagnosis of all otologic disease types. Methods A total of 177 patients were prospectively enrolled, and the patient’s clinical manifestations with otoendoscopic images were written in the electrical medical records. Asynchronous diagnoses were made for each patient to assess Top-1 and Top-2 accuracy, and we selected 20 cases to conduct a survey among four different otolaryngologists to assess the accuracy, interrater agreement, and diagnostic speed. We also constructed an experimental automated diagnosis system and assessed Top-1 accuracy and diagnostic speed. Results Asynchronous diagnosis showed Top-1 and Top-2 accuracies of 77.40% and 86.44%, respectively. In the selected 20 cases, the Top-2 accuracy of the four otolaryngologists was on average 91.25% (SD 7.50%), with an almost perfect agreement between them (Cohen kappa=0.91). The automated diagnostic model system showed 69.50% Top-1 accuracy. Otolaryngologists could diagnose an average of 1.55 (SD 0.48) patients per minute, while the machine learning model was capable of diagnosing on average 667.90 (SD 8.3) patients per minute. Conclusions Asynchronous telemedicine in otology is feasible owing to the reasonable Top-2 accuracy when assessed by experienced otolaryngologists. Moreover, enhanced diagnostic speed while sustaining the accuracy shows the possibility of optimizing medical resources to provide expertise in areas short of physicians.

Concordance and accuracy Of Teledermatology using mobile phones in the outpatient clinic Of Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center: A Cross-sectional study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Arni Caballero Preclaro ◽  
Zharlah Gulmatico-Flores ◽  
Elizabeth Amelia Velasco Tianco
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Substantial Agreement ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Third ◽  
Store And Forward

BACKGROUND Dermatologists rely on visual findings, thus teledermatology is uniquely compatible to provide dermatologic care. The use of mobile phones in a store-and-forward approach, where gathered data is sent to a distant health provider for later review, may be a potential bridge to seek dermatologic care. OBJECTIVE To determine the agreement between face-to-face consult and teledermatologic consult through the store-and-forward approach using mobile phone, and its accuracy compared to histopathologic diagnosis. METHODS The study design is a cross-sectional study of participants consecutively recruited from dermatology patients who presented with skin or mucosal complaint and without prior dermatologist consultation. Photographs were taken using a standard phone (iPhone 6s plus) and a 4-mm skin punch biopsy was taken on each patient, the gold standard to which the study result was compared to. The photographs were sent to three consultant dermatologists using a store-and-forward approach, for independent diagnosis and treatment plan. RESULTS A total of 64 patients were included, with a median age of 41 years old. There was moderate to almost perfect agreement in terms of final diagnosis between face to face dermatologic diagnosis and teledermatologic diagnoses. The third teledermatologist had the highest agreement with the clinical dermatologist in terms of final diagnosis (kappa = 0.84; p <.001). Between the three dermatologists, there was moderate to almost perfect agreement as well. Agreement between pairs of teledermatologists ranges from 0.45 to 0.84. The three teledermatologists had moderate to substantial agreement with the biopsy results, with the third teledermatologist having the highest accuracy (kappa = 0.77; p < .001). Overall, there was a moderate agreement in the diagnosis of patients across raters. CONCLUSIONS Teledermatology is a viable alternative to face-to-face consultations. Our results show moderate to substantial agreement in diagnoses from face-to-face consultation and store-and-forward teledermatology.

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