scholarly journals THE LAND BEHIND THE LAND BEHIND BAGHDAD: ARCHAEOLOGICAL LANDSCAPES OF THE UPPER DIYALA (SIRWAN) RIVER VALLEY

Iraq ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 47-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Casana ◽  
Claudia Glatz
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Regional Project ◽  
The Rich

While the Diyala (Kurdish Sirwan) River Valley is storied in Near Eastern archaeology as home to the Oriental Institute's excavations in the 1930s as well as to Robert McC. Adams’ pioneering archaeological survey, The Land Behind Baghdad, the upper reaches of the river valley remain almost unknown to modern scholarship. Yet this region, at the interface between irrigated lowland Mesopotamia and the Zagros highlands to the north and east, has long been hypothesized as central to the origins and development of complex societies. It was hotly contested by Bronze Age imperial powers, and offered one of the principle access routes connecting Mespotamia to the Iranian Plateau and beyond. This paper presents an interim report of the Sirwan Regional Project, a regional archaeological survey undertaken from 2013–2015 in a 4000 square kilometre area between the modern city of Darbandikhan and the plains south of Kalar. Encompassing a wide range of environments, from the rugged uplands of the Zagros front ranges to the rich irrigated basins of the Middle Diyala, the project has already discovered a wealth of previously unknown archaeological sites ranging in date from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic through the modern period. Following an overview of the physical geography of the Upper Diyala/Sirwan, this paper highlights key findings that are beginning to transform our understanding of this historically important but poorly known region.

An Archaeological Survey of the Lower Catchment of the Ayiofarango Valley

1977 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 13-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Blackman ◽  
Keith Branigan
Keyword(s):  
River Valley ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
South West

This report describes and discusses the archaeological sites explored by the writers in an intensive survey of the lower catchment of the river valley which reaches from just south-west of Pigaidakhia to the mouth of the Ayiofarango just west of Kaloi Limenes (Fig. 1). This area was chosen because it was known to be of considerable archaeological importance, yet in recent years it had been subjected more to the depredations of tomb-robbers than to the exploration of archaeologists. In addition, there was the possibility that a road would be cut through the valley from the Mesara to Kaloi Limenes. A survey in advance of such work would enable sites of archaeological importance to be recorded and either investigated or safeguarded before any construction work took place.

scholarly journals Archaeological Sites of the Middle Kiya River: History of Discoveries and Study Prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 648-663
Author(s):  
A. S. Savelieva ◽  
P. V. German ◽  
I. A. Plats ◽  
L. Yu. Bobrova
Keyword(s):  
River Valley ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
South Siberia ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The City

The article introduces some information about the expeditionary studies on the archaeological sites located on the banks of the Middle Kiya River valley. The authors believe that the Kiya is one of the main rivers for such important historical and cultural area of South Siberia as the Kiya – Chulym interfluve. The expeditionary studies have been conducted here since the late XIX century; however, professional archaeological studies began as late as in the 1950s. The paper describes the excavations conducted by A. I. Martynov, G. S. Martynova, I. I. Baukhnik, A. M. Kilemzin, A. V. Tsirkin, A. P. Okladnikov, V. I. Molodin, V. V. Bobrov, A. S. Vasyutin, V. N. Zharonkin, P. V. German, A. V. Fribus, and P. G. Sokolov. It focuses on the carefully planned excavations conducted on the banks of the middle forest-steppe part of the Kiya River valley. Seven expeditions discovered eighty previously unknown archaeological sites. While performing the historiographic mapping of archaeological sites, the authors took into account the type of artifact and the type of archaeological study. The authors analyzed the localization of the archeological sites near the villages of Shestakovo and Chumay and the city of Mariinsk published by A. M. Kulemzin and I. I. Baukhnik and compared them with the results of the mapping. They defined the territory as a single Middle-Kiya archaeological microdistrict that includes the archaeological complexes of Shestakovo, Chumay, and Archekas (Mariinsk). The article also includes some preliminary ideas about the types of archaeological studies, as well as typological and chronological description of the monuments.

Pergamum

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clyde E. Fant ◽  
Mitchell G. Reddish
Keyword(s):  
Aegean Sea ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Alexander The Great ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Ancient City ◽  
The Temple ◽  
The Way

Pergamum is unquestionably one of the most impressive archaeological sites in all of Turkey. Pergamum’s attractions are hard to surpass—the breathtaking view from its theater carved out of the side of the acropolis, the magnificent restored Temple of Trajan, the foundations of the Great Altar of Zeus, the ancient healing center of Asclepius, the Temple of Serapis (the Red Hall), and the archaeological museum. A visit to Pergamum should not be rushed. There is much here to reward the patient visitor who will explore the riches of this ancient city. The site of ancient Pergamum is scattered in and around the modern town of Bergama, located in the western part of Turkey, approximately 65 miles north of Izmir. According to ancient mythology, Pergamum was founded by Telephus, king of Asia Minor and the son of Hercules (and thus the grandson of Zeus). Archaeological evidence indicates that Pergamum was settled as early as the 8th century B.C.E. Xenophon, the Greek historian who was involved in a mercenary expedition against the Persians, mentions that in 399 B.C.E. he and his soldiers spent some time at Pergamum. Little is known about Pergamum until the Hellenistic period, when Pergamum and all of Asia Minor came under the control of Alexander the Great. After the death of Alexander in 323 B.C.E., Lysimachus, one of Alexander’s generals (the Diadochoi) involved in the struggle for Alexander’s kingdom, eventually gained control of all of Asia Minor. He deposited a considerable amount of wealth in the treasury of Pergamum and placed one of his officers, Philetaerus, in charge. Philetaerus eventually turned against Lysimachus. After Lysimachus’ death, Philetaerus (r. 281–263 B.C.E.) used the money to establish a principality, with Pergamum as its capital. Unmarried (and supposedly a eunuch due to an accident), Philetaerus adopted his nephew Eumenes I as his successor. Eumenes I (r. 263–241 B.C.E.) was successful in defeating the Seleucid king Antiochus I at Sardis and expanding the rule of Pergamum throughout the Caicus River valley and all the way to the Aegean Sea. Upon his death, he was succeeded by his adopted son Attalus I Soter (r. 241–197 B.C.E.).

Megascopic and Petrographic Analyses of a Foreign Pottery Vessel from the Cahokia Site

1965 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles J. Bareis ◽  
James Warren Porter
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
Mississippi River Valley ◽  
Petrographic Analyses ◽  
Lower Mississippi River ◽  
Lower Mississippi River Valley

AbstractA decorated pottery vessel excavated at the Cahokia site in southwestern Illinois is believed to be a specimen from the southeastern United States. A megascopic and a petrographic analysis are presented to confirm a southern origin. The megascopic analysis suggests that the vessel is of Caddoan derivation. The petrographic analysis demonstrates that the paste of the vessel is not indigenous to the American Bottoms and suggests the use of weathered Tertiary shale deposits from the lower Mississippi River Valley. Both analytical procedures are required in order to assess adequately the sources of origin for suspected foreign pottery specimens in archaeological sites.

scholarly journals THE INVISIBLE MOATS OF THE MUN RIVER VALLEY, NE THAILAND: THE EXAMINATION OF WATER MANAGEMENT DEVICES AT MOUNDED SITES THROUGH GROUND PENETRATING RADAR (GPR)

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Duke ◽  
Nigel J Chang ◽  
Ian Moffat ◽  
Wayne Morris
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

<p>The Mun River valley is well known for its moat-bound mounded archaeological sites that are usually associated with Iron Age occupation (~500BC- AD500).  The investigation of these sites has provided a wealth of information on the changing social and environmental conditions during prehistory.  In recent years, research has identified a greater diversity of site morphologies in the region, many of which, importantly, do not appear to have moats surrounding them.  This paper seeks to investigate whether the apparently ‘non-moated’ mound site of Non Klang (Nong Hua Raet village) was actually moated in the past, and if such, now in-filled features can be investigated through non-destructive Ground Penetrating Radar methodology.  Additionally, while large external moats can be observed in the modern day topography at sites such as Ban Non Wat, excavation has demonstrated that further, invisible, water management features exist beneath the surface within the current mound boundary of the site.  These are probably Iron Age precursors to the later more extensive and still visible moats.  This paper seeks to answer several fundamental questions: What application can GPR have at mounded sites in Southeast Asia?  Do invisible moats exist?  How will this affect our understanding of the broader prehistoric landscape in the Upper Mun River Valley?  </p>

scholarly journals Archaeological sites in the Kamenka river valley (Zmeinogorsky and Tretyakovsky districts of the Altai Territory)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
A. L. Kungurov ◽  
◽  
O. F. Kungurova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Melting Furnace ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
State University ◽  
Total Length ◽  
The Right

The article summarizes the research of banks of the Kamenka River and the right tributary of the Aleya River. The river with a total length of 37 km has its springheads in the spurs of the Revnevaya mountain (1110 m above sea level). In 2002, 2004–2005 and 2007, expeditions of the Altai State University to the Kamenka Valley sides recorded 36 objects of various facies affiliation — locations, camps, settlements, tumulus necropolises, ritual buildings, a stela, a quarry workshop, and a melting furnace. A number of objects do not yet have a dating, and some relate to different periods of the Stone, Bronze and Early Iron Ages, to the early and developed Middle Ages.

scholarly journals ANÁLISE PALEOAMBIENTAL DO CONTEXTO FLUVIAL DO VALE DO RIO CARNAÚBA: NAVEGABILIDADE PRETÉRITA ASSOCIADA ÀS IMAGENS DE PIROGAS PRESENTES NO CONTEXTO ARQUEOLÓGICO DA ÁREA ARQUEOLÓGICA DO SERIDÓ, CARNAÚBA DOS DANTAS – RN

2020 ◽  
Vol II (5) ◽  
pp. 83-105
Author(s):  
Gibran Khalil de Espindola Brandão ◽  
Bruno de Azevedo Cavalcanti Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Rock Art ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Environmental Reconstruction ◽  
Rainfall Distribution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Drainage Networks ◽  
Gis Environment

This article analyses the archaeological sites with rock art with the presence of representations called here “Pirogas”, looking for an association between these figures and the past fluvial context of Carnaúba river valley (Brazil). The research aims to identify the viability of navigation in the past paleoenvironment of the drainage networks of the Carnaúba river valley. Through the collection and interpretation of primary and secondary data and their manipulation through the use of georeferencing in a GIS environment, it was possible to verify that over different epochs of the Holocene, in climatic conditions of greater humidity and better rainfall distribution, the Carnaúba river possibly had flower conditions and flood regimes more durable than the present, favouring better subsistence conditions and the possibility of its use for navigation purposes. However, the need for further studies on environmental reconstruction of the archaeological area is reaffirmed and new problems related to the interpretation of the region’s rock art records are presented.

The 2010 Cumberland River Survey Emergency Survey and Archaic Shell Site Composition in the Western Middle Cumberland River Valley

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-55
Author(s):  
Tanya M. Peres ◽  
Aaron Deter-Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
New Information ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cumberland River ◽  
Site Disturbance ◽  
Molluscan Species

Over three days beginning in the early morning of May 1, 2010, heavy storms caused severe flooding and riverbank erosion along portions of the Cumberland River throughout Middle Tennessee. That event caused significant damage to numerous prehistoric archaeological sites, and resulted in substantial looting of newlyuncovered site deposits and subsequent shoreline assessments of 128 previously recorded prehistoric sites along 67.5 river miles of the Cumberland River between Cheatham and Old Hickory Dams, as well as sampling of selected, highly endangered deposits. As a result of the emergency river survey, investigators were able to collect significant new data regarding the composition of nine shell-bearing Archaic sites along the Cumberland River in the western Middle Cumberland River Valley of Tennessee. Those include new information regarding site composition and the collection of radiocarbon samples. This chapter describes the history of archaeological site disturbance in the region and summarizes the findings of the post-flood survey as they relate to molluscan species composition of Archaic shell-bearing sites in the region.

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