scholarly journals Vaccination against HPV: Theoretical Aspects and Practical Results of Cervical Cancer Prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 98-108
Author(s):  
N. V. Zarochentseva ◽  
O. I. Trushina ◽  
E. G Novikova ◽  
I. I. Baranov ◽  
P. D. Lopukhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Vaccination Programs

Relevance. Cervical cancer (CC) continues to be the focus of attention of oncologists all over the world due to the fact that the incidence of it over the past decades has not tended to decrease. The steady increase in morbidity, high mortality rates, and the tendency to «rejuvenate» the disease, the relatively low detection rate of the early stages of the disease due to poor results of cytological screening predetermine the search for new scientifically based approaches to solving cervical cancer problems. A promising direction for the prevention of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) is prophylactic vaccination against HPV, the need for which is due to the role of HPV infection in carcinogenesis processes.The aim of this article is to summarize the currently available data on advances in the prevention of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer, primarily through vaccination against HPV infection.Conclusions. The creation of vaccines for the prevention of oncogenic HPV types is a significant achievement in the biomedical research area. The successful development of a group of vaccines, which can confidently be called the vaccines of the 21st century, gives us hope that modern medicine has the potential to reduce population cancer risk and reduce the likelihood of early onset of cervical cancer. Demonstration of the efficacy and feasibility of routine HPV vaccination programs in a number of countries demonstrates encouraging progress in solving cervical cancer problems. Vaccination against HPV will not only ensure epidemiological well-being, but also lead to a decrease in morbidity and mortality from such a terrible complication of human papillomavirus infection – cervical cancer.

scholarly journals Awareness of knowledge about the problem of human papillomavirus infections and HPV vaccination in a group of female students beginning their studies at universities in Lublin

2016 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
Gustaw Chołubek ◽  
Krzysztof Wiktor ◽  
Karolina Małek ◽  
Dorota Robak-Chołubek
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Papillomavirus Infections ◽  
Study Results

Abstract Introduction. HPV infection is one of the most common type of sexually transmitted infections and it is a significant epidemiological problem all over the world. The risk of infection persistence and its progression to pathological, precancerous lesions depends on HPV type. Vaccinations against HPV virus are one of the elements of the prophylactic program and allow for early detection of cervical cancer. Aim. Aim of the study was analysis of awareness of problems of human papillomavirus infections and cervical cancer prevention, including vaccinations against HPV among female students commencing studies in Lublin. Material and methods. The research group included 400 women selected at random, all starting their studies at five universities in Lublin. The research group was supposed to show some general knowledge of the problem of cervical cancer among young women. It was also to define how many of them benefited from the prophylaxis of getting a vaccination against HPV. The scientific tool was individually elaborated survey questionnaire. Obtained study results were then subject to statistical analysis. Results. The majority of respondents were not vaccinated against HPV – only 2.5% of the surveyed confirmed that they had been vaccinated. The surveyed students most frequently evaluated their knowledge on prevention of HPV cervical cancer as poor. The surveyed who admitted having information about HPV and cervical cancer prophylaxis during their classes at school significantly more frequently had high level of knowledge than women who claimed not to obtain such information at school (p=0.002). Conclusions. It might make sense to conduct planned comparative studies in the centers practicing population vaccinations among girls aged 12-13 and not practicing such primary prophylaxis with cytological follow-ups. It may allow to elaborate the effective model of cervical cancer prophylaxis based on early educational activities, both on primary and secondary prophylaxis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of additional benefits of HPV vaccination to cervical cancer screening in France

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Rousseau ◽  
M Massetti ◽  
S Barre ◽  
H Leleu ◽  
J Gaillot-de Saintignon
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Underserved Women ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background The National Cancer Institute (INCa) undertook the evaluation of the expected impact of HPV vaccination in the context of the recent marketing of nonavalent vaccine (Gardasil®9) and the implementation of organized screening (OS) of cervical cancer (CC) in France. Methods The study is based on a microsimulation model that replicates the natural history of CC. A cohort of 14-year-old women is generated and followed until death. Others HPV-infection related diseases (condyloma, anal cancer, penile cancer and oropharynx cancer) are not modelled. Different strategies were compared with the current vaccination coverage rate (VCR) of 21.4% (2017): impact of increased VCR alone and increased VCR combined with correction of inequalities (CI). Results are presented according to two hypotheses for the duration of protection offered by the vaccine (limited to 20 years and lifelong) and according to two hypotheses for price of the vaccine (French price and average European prices). Results The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was less than 15 000 euros per QALY (quality-adjusted life year) in all the assessed strategies. For each 14-year-old women cohort, 85% VCR with CI would prevent at least: 2 546 conations, 2 347 precancerous lesions CIN 2 / 3 diagnosed, 377 CCs, 139 deaths per CC (20 years vaccine protection). Scenarios based on increasing VCR with CI are the most cost-effective. Conclusions The study quantifies the increased risk of CC-related outcomes associated with current sub-optimal VCR and the possible investment to implement actions in order to improve the efficiency of the current strategies and tackle health inequalities (communication campaign, actions toward underserved women). Key messages Improving HPV vaccination uptake is a cost-effective measure, even considering only the cervical cancer prevention. Including health inequalities participation in modeling is crucial as underserved women are both less vaccinated and screened.

Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of cervicovaginal human papillomavirus (HPV) carriage in a cross-sectional, multiethnic, community-based female Asian population

2017 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Pei Khoo ◽  
Nirmala Bhoo-Pathy ◽  
Siew Hwei Yap ◽  
Mohd Khairul Anwar Shafii ◽  
Nazrilla Hairizan Nasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hpv Prevalence

ObjectivesCervical cancer is a largely preventable disease, and the strategic implementation of a cervical cancer prevention programme is partly dependent on the impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection interpreted within the context of the country’s sociodemographic attributes. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of cervicovaginal HPV infection among a healthy, community-based, multiethnic Malaysian population. The HPV prevalence was subsequently correlated to the individual’s sociodemographics and sexual/reproductive history. Of significance, the observed prevalence captured was in a birth cohort not included in the national school-based HPV vaccination programme.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study where 1293 healthy women aged between 18 and 60 years were recruited via convenience sampling from five community-based clinics in Selangor, Malaysia. Cervicovaginal self-samples were obtained and DNA was extracted for HPV detection and genotyping. A comprehensive questionnaire was administered to determine the sociodemographics and behavioural patterns of participants.ResultsThe median age at enrolment was 37 years old (IQR: 30–47). In total, 86/1190 (7.2%) of the samples collected were positive for HPV infection, with the highest HPV prevalence (11.9%) detected in the subgroup of 18–24 years old. The top three most prevalent HPV genotypes were HPV 16, 52 and 58. The independent risk factors associated with higher rates of HPV infection included Indian ethnicity, widowed status and women with partners who are away from home for long periods and/or has another sexual partner.ConclusionsThe overall prevalence of HPV infection in this Malaysian multiethnic population was 7.2%, with 6.5% being high-risk genotypes. The top three most common high-risk HPV types were HPV 16, 52 and 58. This information is important for the planning of primary (HPV vaccination) and secondary (screening) cervical cancer prevention programmes in Malaysia.

Human Papillomavirus Selected Properties and Related Cervical Cancer Prevention Issues

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 2073-2086
Author(s):  
Saule Balmagambetova ◽  
Andrea Tinelli ◽  
Ospan A. Mynbaev ◽  
Arip Koyshybaev ◽  
Olzhas Urazayev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Screening Programs

High-risk human papillomavirus strains are widely known to be the causative agents responsible for cervical cancer development. Aggregated damage caused by papillomaviruses solely is estimated in at least 5% of all malignancies of the human body and 16% in cancers that affect the female genital area. Enhanced understanding of the complex issue on how the high extent of carcinogenicity is eventually formed due to the infection by the Papoviridae family would contribute to enhancing current prevention strategies not only towards cervical cancer, but also other HPV associated cancers. This review article is aimed at presenting the key points in two directions: the current cervical cancer prevention and related aspects of HPV behavior. Virtually all applied technologies related to HPV diagnostics and screening programs, such as HPV tests, colposcopy-based tests (VIA/VILI), conventional and liquid-based cytology, currently available are presented. Issues of availability, advantages, and drawbacks of the screening programs, as well as vaccination strategies, are also reviewed in the article based on the analyzed sources. The current point of view regarding HPV is discussed with emphasis on the most problematic aspect of the HPV family concerning the observed increasing number of highly carcinogenic types. Present trends in HPV infection diagnostics throughout the human fluids and tissues are also reported, including the latest novelties in this field, such as HPV assay/self-sample device combinations. Besides, a brief outline of the related prevention issues in Kazakhstan, the leading country of Central Asia, is presented. Kazakhstan, as one of the post-soviet middle-income countries, may serve as an example of the current situation in those terrains, concerning the implementation of globally accepted cervical cancer prevention strategies. Along with positive achievements, such as the development of a nationwide screening program, a range of drawbacks is also analyzed and discussed.

Prevalence of human papillomavirus by geographical regions, sexual orientation and HIV status in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 434-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomeng Ma ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Jason J Ong ◽  
Christopher K Fairley ◽  
Shu Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Central China ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Hpv Prevalence

ObjectiveHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection causes multiple cancers in both women and men. In China, both HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening coverages are low. We aim to investigate the temporal and geographical trends of HPV DNA prevalence in heterosexual men, women, men who have sex with men (MSM) and people living with HIV (PLHIV) in China.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review, collecting publications in PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Data from January 2000 to May 2017. A total of 247 studies were selected for this meta-analysis to estimate pooled HPV prevalence, incidence of cervical cancer and risk of infection for subgroups. Meta-regression was applied to identify contributing factors to prevalence heterogeneities.ResultsThe national HPV prevalence was 15.6% (95% CI (14.4% to 16.9%)) in women with normal cervical cytology, and Central China had the highest prevalence (20.5% (15.2% to 25.8%)). HPV prevalence in heterosexual men (14.5% (11.3% to 17.7%)) was comparable with that of women (OR=1.09 (0.98 to 1.17)), but HPV prevalence in MSM (59.9% (52.2% to 67.6%)) was significantly higher than that in heterosexual men (OR=8.81 (8.01 to 9.69)). HIV-positive women (45.0% (38.4% to 51.6%)) and HIV-positive MSM (87.5% (82.3% to 90.9%)) had 4.67 (3.61 to 6.03) and 6.46 (5.20 to 8.02) times higher risk of HPV infection than their HIV negative counterparts.ConclusionHPV infection is prevalent in China, particularly in Central China, in comparison with the global level and neighbouring countries. Targeted HPV vaccination for women, MSM and PLHIV and scale-up of cervical screening for women are priorities in curbing the HPV epidemic in China.

scholarly journals Acceptability and feasibility of human papillomavirus vaccination for adolescents in school environments in Libreville

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3541
Author(s):  
Nathalie L. Ambounda ◽  
Sylvain H. Woromogo ◽  
Olive M. Kenmogne ◽  
Felicite E. Yagata Moussa ◽  
Vicky N. Simo Tekem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Professional Status ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: High-risk oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the cause of sexually transmitted viral infection. Its persistence is a risk factor for precancerous lesions of the cervix, which will constitute the base of cervical cancer. In the world, the prevalence of high-risk oncogenic HPV is 66.7%, which is higher among women starting their sexual activity.Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in high schools in Gabon regarding parents. The variables selected were the socio-cultural and demographic characteristics of the parents, their knowledge of human papillomavirus vaccination and their acceptability of HPV vaccination and finally the feasibility of HPV vaccination. The statistical test used was Pearson's Chi-square, and a difference was considered significant for p<0.05.Results: The majority of parents, 89%, were informed of the existence of cervical cancer. However, 73.4% of them were unaware of the existence of vaccination against cervical cancer. Only 2.4% of parents had vaccinated their daughters against cervical cancer at the time of the study. These parents only 53.4% expressed an interest in vaccinating their daughters in 53.4% of cases. The ability to vaccinate children is associated with the socio-professional status of parents (p˂0.000).Conclusions: The majority of parents approved school-based vaccination against human papillomavirus infections despite its reported cost and lack of information. The integration of anti-HPV vaccination into the expanded programme on immunization in Gabon will improve immunization coverage.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Women With Cervical Cytological Abnormalities in the Zhoupu District, Shanghai City, China, 2014–2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Li ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Zhou Liu ◽  
Baoling Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Shanghai City ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Type Infection ◽  
Multiple Type

Abstract Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer in women. To determine the epidemiological characteristics as well as the relationship between the HPV genotype and cytology test results among women, we retrospectively collected and analyzed the data from Zhoupu District hospital in Shanghai, China.Methods: We made a retrospective analysis of human papillomavirus prevalence rate of 23,724 women between 2014 and 2019 in the District Zhoupu of Shanghai City in China. Their cervical exfoliations were collected. HPV genotype testing was performed using a commercial kit designed to detect 21 HPV subtypes including 15 high-risk HPV subtypes(16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66 ,68) and 6 low-risk HPV subtypes(6, 11, 42, 43, 44 and 81). And the thinPrep cytological test (TCT) was also performed at the same time.Results: Among all 23,724 cases, 3,816 (16.08%) women were infected with HPV. HPV52 (3.19%), HPV58 (2.47%) and HPV16 (2.34%) had higher prevalence. 3,480(91.20%) single-type infections were more common than 336(8.8%) multiple-type infections. Single-type infection was more frequently seen in women aged 50–60 years (16.63%) and <30 years (15.37%), and multiple-type infection was more common in those aged >= 60 (2.67%). Significant differences in secular trends from 2014 to 2019 were observed for subtypes HPV52, 58 and 16.HPV positive rates of women changed significantly along with the time period from 2014 to 2019.Among 4,502 TCT positive women, 15 (4.04%), 125 (2.64%) ,159 (1.54%), 4,202(17.71%) and 1(0.004%) had atypical squamous cells (ASC), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), atypical glandular cells (AGC) and cervical adenocarcinoma respectively. The HPV infection rates were 66.08%, 63.99%, 115.20%, 119.50%, and 31.72% for NILM, AGCs, HSILs LSILs and ASCs, respectively.Conclusions: HPV and TCT screening were a key step in the secondary prevention of cervical cancer. Further tracking the results of HPV and TCT was an important clinical strategy for the treatment of cervical precancerous lesions. The widespread use of preventive HPV vaccines can significantly reduce the incidence of pre-neoplastic and neoplastic cervical lesions.

scholarly journals Human papillomavirus vaccination coverage among working women

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 714-722
Author(s):  
Sajeda Khatun ◽  
Ashees Kumar Saha ◽  
Irtiza Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
Arifa Sultana ◽  
Mst Wazeda Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the causes of cervical cancer which is preventable. The study was a cross-sectional study with the objective was to determine the Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage among working women. A total 236 educated working women were selected purposively from different working places in Dhaka city. A pretested semi- structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The knowledge was assessed by using modified Blooms cut off points which was developed with cervical cancer and vaccine knowledge related questions. The study result revealed that among 236 working women 71.2% knew about the risk factor of cervical cancer. It was found that 92.8% knew about the way of prevention of cervical cancer respectively. The overall knowledge on cervical cancer and vaccine was found to be having good knowledge 21.2%, satisfactory knowledge 41.9% and poor knowledge 36.9%. Out of the total working women only 5.1% had HPV vaccination coverage. Reason behind non vaccinations, 50% mentioned had no knowledge about vaccine, 35.3% mentioned can’t decide and 8.9% mentioned high cost of vaccine. Significant association has been observed in between vaccination coverage with over all knowledge of cervical cancer (p value .04). It may be concluded that HPV vaccination coverage is very low which needs awareness program on this issues through mass media, educational session, counseling and so on to reduce human papillomavirus associated cancers as well as economic burden. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 714-722

Human papillomavirus vaccination: evidence base for efficacy and safety

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Yuliya E. Dobrokhotova ◽  
Ekaterina I. Borovkova
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Further Development

The article provides a literature review on the prevention of cervical cancer by human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. Currently, 3 vaccines are available: the 4-valent vaccine against HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18, the 9-valent vaccine against HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58 and the bivalent vaccine against HPV types 16 and 18. Vaccination provides protection for women and men against infection with HPV and further development of HPV-associated diseases. Following immunization, seroconversion develops in 93-100% of women and in 99-100% of men and is effective in preventing incident and persistent HPV infection as well as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. HPV immunization is ineffective in treating an existing HPV infection, genital warts, or anogenital intraepithelial neoplasia. HPV vaccination status does not affect recommendations for cervical cancer screening.

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