scholarly journals PROSPECTS FOR THE APPLICATION OF THE MOST MODERN METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS OF LUNG CANCER

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
I. О. Vynnychenko ◽  
Yu. V. Moskalenko ◽  
O. І. Vynnychenko ◽  
M. Yu. Serdyuk ◽  
O. А. Ternovenko
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Endobronchial Ultrasound ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Current State ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Screening Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is one of the major causes of death from malignancies. That is why the article devoted to the issue early diagnosis of lung cancer. The objective of the work is to consider the features and prospects of using the most modern methods of diagnosis of lung cancer. The introduction of the latest technologies is essential for quality screening of lung cancer patients. Gradually, there is a growing interest in developing strategies around the world to better assess the risk of human lung cancer, increase screening sensitivity, and reduce costs. The methods of early detection of lung cancer are described in the article: determination of the concentration of volatile organic compounds (LuCID method), endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS method), FISH-marker method, basic principles of the Nano-Nose device. Despite some advances in our country in the diagnosis of lung cancer using common advanced methods of computed tomography and biopsy, the introduction of foreign experience in lung cancer screening is necessary, because the current state-of-the-art methods of diagnosis allow to detect cancer.

scholarly journals Risk Factors, Treatment and Prognosis of Patients with Lung Cancer after Heart Transplantation

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1344
Author(s):  
Karsten M. Heil ◽  
Matthias Helmschrott ◽  
Fabrice F. Darche ◽  
Tom Bruckner ◽  
Philipp Ehlermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Heart Transplantation ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

Long-term survival after heart transplantation (HTX) is impacted by adverse effects of immunosuppressive pharmacotherapy, and post-transplant lung cancer is a common occurrence. This study aimed to examine the risk factors, treatment, and prognosis of patients with post-transplant lung cancer. We included 625 adult patients who received HTX at Heidelberg Heart Center between 1989 and 2018. Patients were stratified by diagnosis and staging of lung cancer after HTX. Analysis comprised donor and recipient characteristics, medications including immunosuppressive drugs, and survival after diagnosis of lung cancer. A total of 41 patients (6.6%) were diagnosed with lung cancer after HTX, 13 patients received curative care and 28 patients had palliative care. Mean time from HTX until diagnosis of lung cancer was 8.6 ± 4.0 years and 1.8 ± 2.7 years from diagnosis of lung cancer until last follow-up. Twenty-four patients (58.5%) were switched to an mTOR-inhibitor after diagnosis of lung cancer. Multivariate analysis showed recipient age (HR: 1.05; CI: 1.01–1.10; p = 0.02), COPD (HR: 3.72; CI: 1.88–7.37; p < 0.01), and history of smoking (HR: 20.39; CI: 2.73–152.13; p < 0.01) as risk factors for post-transplant lung cancer. Patients in stages I and II had a significantly better 1-year (100.0% versus 3.6%), 2-year (69.2% versus 0.0%), and 5-year survival (53.8% versus 0.0%) than patients in stages III and IV (p < 0.01). Given the poor prognosis of late-stage post-transplant lung cancer, routine reassessment of current smoking status, providing smoking cessation support, and intensified lung cancer screening in high-risk HTX recipients are advisable.

Tumor Markers and Lung Cancer: Correlation between Serum and Bronchial Secretion Levels of Cea, Tpa, Canag Ca-50, Nse and Ferritin

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Macchia ◽  
Angela Mariano ◽  
Mariarita Cavalcanti ◽  
Anna Coppa ◽  
Ciriaco Cecere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Bronchial Secretion ◽  
Lung Malignancy ◽  
Ca 50 ◽  
Oat Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

The levels of carcinoembryonic antigeny (CEA), tissue polypeptide antigeny (TPA), CanAg 50, neuron specific enolase (NSE) and ferritin were determined in bronchial secretion and serum of patients with neoplastic and non-neoplastic lung diseases. Simultaneous determination of two or three markers in the serum and in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) may be clinically useful for the diagnosis of lung cancer and even for the type of tumor. The positivity of CEA determined simultaneously in serum and in BAL of patients with lung cancer is higher than 80% whereas in patients with benign lung disease it is lower than 40%. The simultaneous assay of TP A in serum and in BAL showed 100% positivity in patients with oat-cell carcinoma, the frequencies of positivity were similar in patients with non-oat-cell carcinoma. For NSE and CanAg CA-50 patients with oat-cell carinoma showed 100% positivity. Simultaneous assay of ferritin in serum and in BAL gave 85% positivity in patients with oat-cell carcinoma and only 23% in patients with non-oat-cell carcinoma. We conclude that the simultaneous determination of CEA and CanAg CA-50 or NSE in serum and in BAL is a useful aid in the diagnosis of lung malignancy.

scholarly journals Cisplatin-induced hydroxyl radicals mediate pro-survival autophagy in human lung cancer H460 cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somruethai Sumkhemthong ◽  
Eakachai Prompetchara ◽  
Pithi Chanvorachote ◽  
Chatchai Chaotham
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Apoptosis Resistance ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Human Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
H460 Cells

Abstract Background Accumulated evidence demonstrates cisplatin, a recommended chemotherapy, modulating pro-survival autophagic response that contributes to treatment failure in lung cancer patients. However, distinct mechanisms involved in cisplatin-induced autophagy in human lung cancer cells are still unclear. Results Herein, role of autophagy in cisplatin resistance was indicated by a decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis in lung cancer H460 cells pre-incubated with wortmannin, an autophagy inhibitor, prior to treatment with 50 µM cisplatin for 24 h. The elevated level of hydroxyl radicals detected via flow-cytometry corresponded to autophagic response, as evidenced by the formation of autophagosomes and autolysosomes in cisplatin-treated cells. Interestingly, apoptosis resistance, autophagosome formation, and the alteration of the autophagic markers, LC3-II/LC3-I and p62, as well as autophagy-regulating proteins Atg7 and Atg3, induced by cisplatin was abrogated by pretreatment of H460 cells with deferoxamine, a specific hydroxyl radical scavenger. The modulations in autophagic response were also indicated in the cells treated with hydroxyl radicals generated via Fenton reaction, and likewise inhibited by pretreatment with deferoxamine. Conclusions In summary, the possible role of hydroxyl radicals as a key mediator in the autophagic response to cisplatin treatment, which was firstly revealed in this study would benefit for the further development of novel therapies for lung cancer.

Determination of the allelic frequencies of an L-myc and a p53 polymorphism in human lung cancer

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainsley Weston ◽  
Helen M. Ling-Cawley ◽  
Neil E. Caporaso ◽  
Elise D. Bowman ◽  
Robert N. Hoover ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Allelic Frequencies ◽  
P53 Polymorphism

Economic analysis of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) as a tool in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer in Singapore

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Yuh Ang ◽  
Rachel Woo Yin Tan ◽  
Mariko Siyue Koh ◽  
Jeremy Lim
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Biopsy ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transbronchial Lung Biopsy ◽  
Endobronchial Ultrasound ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
The Cost

Objectives: Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS), encompassing endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and Endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial lung biopsy (EBUS-TBLB) has been proven to be a useful modality in the staging and diagnosis of lung cancer. However, there are limited publications on the cost-effectiveness of EBUS and no economic evaluations relevant to the Singapore setting. An economic evaluation using our hospital's data was used to assess the cost implications of EBUS substituting where clinically appropriate: transthoracic needle aspiration; (TTNA), fluoroscopy-guided transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB), and mediastinoscopy in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer.Methods: Relationship between the clinical and economic implications of alternative modalities was modeled using data inputs that were relevant to the Singapore setting. Two decision analytic models were constructed to evaluate the cost of EBUS compared with TTNA, TBLB, and staging mediastinoscopy. Only direct costs were imputed.Results: In the base–case analysis, TTNA was the most economical strategy (SGD3,335 = US$2,403) where clinically suitable for the diagnosis of lung cancer as compared to the other options: TBLB (SGD4,499) and EBUS-TBLB (SGD4,857). On the other hand, EBUS-TBNA resulted in expected cost savings of SGD1,214 per positive staging of lung cancer as compared to mediastinoscopy.Conclusions: The use of EBUS-TBNA could result in cost savings of SGD1,214 per positive staging of lung cancer as compared to mediastinoscopy. Whereas TTNA was the most economical intervention for the diagnosis of lung cancer as compared to the other options, its main limitation lies in its suitability only for peripheral lung lesions and high complication rate.

scholarly journals Surgically treated lung cancer patients: do they all smoke and would they all have been detected with lung cancer screening?

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 00001-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanel Laisaar ◽  
Bruno Sarana ◽  
Indrek Benno ◽  
Kaja-Triin Laisaar
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Screening Trial ◽  
Lung Cancer Detection

Since publication of the National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST) results early lung cancer detection has been widely studied, targeting individuals based on smoking history and age. However, over recent decades several changes in lung cancer epidemiology, including risk factors, have taken place. The aim of the current study was to explore smoking prevalence among lung cancer patients who had been treated surgically or undergone a diagnostic operation and whether these patients would have met the NLST inclusion criteria.All patients operated on for lung cancer in a university hospital in Estonia between 2009 and 2015 were included. Data were collected from hospital records.426 patients were operated on for lung cancer, with smoking history properly documented in 327 patients (87 females; median age 67 years). 170 (52%) patients were smokers, 97 (30%) patients were ex-smokers and 60 (18%) patients were nonsmokers. The proportion of females among smokers was 15%, among ex-smokers was 9% and among nonsmokers was 87%. 107 of our patients would not have met the NLST age criteria and 128 of our patients would not have met the NLST smoking criteria. In total, 183 patients (56% (79% of females and 48% of males)) would not have met the NLST inclusion criteria.Only half of surgically treated lung cancer patients were current smokers and more than half did not meet the NLST inclusion criteria.

Circulating Tumor Cell and Metabolites as Novel Biomarkers for Early-stage Lung Cancer Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingling Wan ◽  
Yutong He ◽  
Qingyi Liu ◽  
Di Liang ◽  
Yongdong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
Early Stage Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
Metabolomics Analysis ◽  
Stage Lung Cancer

Abstract Background: Lung cancer is a malignant tumor that has the highest morbidity and mortality rate among all cancers. Early diagnosis of lung cancer is a key factor in reducing mortality and improving prognosis. Methods: In this study, we performed CTC next-generation sequencing (NGS) in early-stage lung cancer patients to identify lung cancer-related gene mutations. Meanwhile, a serum liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) untargeted metabolomics analysis was performed in the CTC-positive patients, and the early diagnostic value of these assays in lung cancer was analyzed. Results: 62.5% (30/48) of lung cancer patients had ≥ 1 CTC. By CTC NGS, we found that > 50% of patients had 4 commonly mutated genes, namely, NOTCH1, IGF2, EGFR, and PTCH1. 47.37% (9/19) patients had ARIDH1 mutations. Additionally, 30 CTC-positive patients and 30 healthy volunteers were subjected to LC-MS untargeted metabolomics analysis. We found 100 different metabolites, and 10 different metabolites were identified through analysis, which may have potential clinical application value in the diagnosis of CTC-positive early-stage lung cancer (AUC > 0.9). Conclusions: Our results indicate that NGS of CTC and metabolomics may provide new tumor markers for the early diagnosis of lung cancer. This possibility requires more in-depth large-sample research for verification.

scholarly journals Identification of a Blood-Based Protein Biomarker Panel for Lung Cancer Detection

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria El-Khoury ◽  
Anna Schritz ◽  
Sang-Yoon Kim ◽  
Antoine Lesur ◽  
Katriina Sertamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Validation Dataset ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Bootstrap Sampling ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Performance Area

Lung cancer is the deadliest cancer worldwide, mainly due to its advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. A non-invasive method for its early detection remains mandatory to improve patients’ survival. Plasma levels of 351 proteins were quantified by Liquid Chromatography-Parallel Reaction Monitoring (LC-PRM)-based mass spectrometry in 128 lung cancer patients and 93 healthy donors. Bootstrap sampling and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalization were used to find the best protein combination for outcome prediction. The PanelomiX platform was used to select the optimal biomarker thresholds. The panel was validated in 48 patients and 49 healthy volunteers. A 6-protein panel clearly distinguished lung cancer from healthy individuals. The panel displayed excellent performance: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.999, positive predictive value (PPV) = 0.992, negative predictive value (NPV) = 0.989, specificity = 0.989 and sensitivity = 0.992. The panel detected lung cancer independently of the disease stage. The 6-protein panel and other sub-combinations displayed excellent results in the validation dataset. In conclusion, we identified a blood-based 6-protein panel as a diagnostic tool in lung cancer. Used as a routine test for high- and average-risk individuals, it may complement currently adopted techniques in lung cancer screening.

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