Gis analysis of hypsometry and basin asymmetry factor in Htab river basin and tectonic implications (Central Atlas, Tunisia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 287-296
Author(s):  
Ali Chaieb ◽  
Noamen Rebai
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Asymmetry Factor ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Gis Analysis ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Hypsometric Integral ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hydrographic Network

The geomorphology of the Htab river watershed is mainly guided by the action of the E-W Kasserine fault. This activity influenced the installed hydrographic system. To see the impact of neotectonic on the Htab river watershed, four morphometric indices were applied: the elongation ratio, the hypsometric curve, the hypsometric integral, and the asymmetry factor. The processing and calculation of these indices were based on global DEMs (Digital Elevation Models). The result obtained shows an important link between the activity of the Kasserine fault, the geomorphological behavior of the Htab river watershed and the hydrographic network. Field observations confirmed well these results.

scholarly journals Morphometric analysis and prioritization of upper Benue River watershed, Northern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb Akoji Odiji ◽  
Olaide Monsor Aderoju ◽  
Joseph Bisong Eta ◽  
Idris Shehu ◽  
Adama Mai-Bukar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Order System ◽  
Hydrological Process ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Hypsometric Integral ◽  
Cumulative Length ◽  
Elevation Model

AbstractThe upper Benue River watershed is undergoing remarkable modifications due to man-made and natural phenomena. Hence, an evaluation is required to understand the hydrological process of the watershed for planning and management strategies. This study aimed to assess the morphometric characteristics and prioritize the upper Benue River watershed. The boundary of the watershed and sub-watersheds, as well as stream networks, was extracted from the digital elevation model (DEM) coupled with hydrological and topographic maps. Twenty-eight morphometric parameters under three categories, i.e. linear, areal, and relief aspects were computed and mapped. Findings from the study revealed that the watershed is a seventh stream order system characterized by a dendritic drainage pattern. The result also showed that 4821 streams were extracted with a cumulative length of 30,232.84 km. The hypsometric integral of the watershed was estimated to be 0.22, indicating that it is in the old stage. In the prioritization of the watershed, the morphometric variables were utilized to calculate and classify the compound factor. The result showed that sub-watersheds 12, 16, 18, 24, 26, and 27 were ranked as very high priority for which conservation measures are required to mitigate the risk of flood and erosion. The outcome of this study can be used by decision-makers for sustainable watershed management and planning.

scholarly journals Analysis of Basin Morphologic Characteristics and Their Influence on the Water Yield of Mountain Watersheds Upstream of the Xiongan New Area, North China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 2903
Author(s):  
Hui Yang ◽  
Jiansheng Cao
Keyword(s):  
Power Function ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Drainage Area ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Mountain Watersheds ◽  
The North ◽  
Hypsometric Integral ◽  
Mountainous Watersheds ◽  
The Impact

In this study, based on the DEM, we extracted the drainage networks and watersheds of the Daqing Riverwith ArcGIS, investigated the basin characteristicsandthe differences in their spatial distributions and analyzed the relations of the drainagedensity with some surface conditions and how the drainagedensityinfluenced the water yield. The results suggested a power function between the mainstream length and drainage area, showing that withthe increase in basin area, the basins became longer.The result of the power function between the relief and drainage area with negative exponent values means the relief changed more slowly with increasing basin area.The values of the circularity ratio andelongation ratio indicatethat the basin shape of the mountain watersheds in theDaqing River was narrow and predisposed to flooding during periods of heavy rainfall. The orders of the streams in the mountain watersheds ranged from five to seven.The average bifurcation ratio of those nine mountainous watersheds reveals the order of the u+1 rivers in each basin of the Daqing River was on average 4 times larger than that of order u rivers. The drainage density (Dd) was high in the north and low in the south of the Daqing River. Rainfall wasnegatively correlated with drainage density, but the correlation between them was notsignificant atthe 0.05 level. Drainages developed in places with poor vegetation cover.The drainages in the southwest, north and west developed considerably, while drainages in the east and southeast did not develop much. Yet, the available data showed the impact of the watershed area, elongation ratio and drainage density on the water yield was not significant. In contrast, there was a significant positive correlation between channel slope and the water yield modulus. The hypsometric integrals and the relation between drainage density and hypsometric integral suggest that the landform evolution of the mountain basins alongthe Daqing Riverwerein the old stage with no furtherincrease trend of drainage density in the future.

scholarly journals Dimensionless Geomorphometry and Discharge in the Ikpa River Basin, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ikpong Sunday Umo ◽  
M. C. Ike ◽  
Ifeanyi G. Ukwe
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Watershed Development ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Geospatial Tools ◽  
The Government ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Basin Area ◽  
Geomorphometric Parameters

This study evaluates the relationships between dimensionless basin geomorphometry and discharge in the Ikpa River. The basin was stratified into seven sub-units using [1] scheme. Geospatial tools were used in generating data for the digital elevation model, while dimensionless geomorphometric parameters were generated from topographic maps (sheet 322 NE; sheet 322 SE; sheet 323 SW; and sheet 331 NW) of the basin area drawn on a scale of 1.50,000. The sampled sub-basins were gauged and discharge measured by a surface float. Graphical analysis of discharge revealed wide variations between months and in seasons across sub-basins with the rainy season attracting highest volume of discharge and the corresponding fluvial processes. The regression analysis yields a coefficient of multiple determination (R) of 0.937, signifying a very high effect expressed by 87.8 of the proportion of variance in dimensionless geomorphometric parameters on discharge in Ikpa River Basin. Also, the computed F value yields 1.439, while the Table value tested at (0.05)5/2 confident level offers 19.30. The result led to the conclusion that variations in relief ratio, average bifurcation ratio, circularity ratio, elongation ratio and form factor have a significant effect on discharge in Ikpa River Basin. This paper recommends for prompt installations of state of the art river gauging and monitoring facilities to provide the needed information to the government, researchers, and individuals for the sustainable land and watershed development options (dam and irrigation) in the coastal plain of Ikpa River basin.  

scholarly journals Identification and geovisualization of landscape transformation of surface mine areas in the Đurđevik coal basin (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
Sabahudin Smajić ◽  
Merima Kovačević ◽  
Dragoslav Pavić
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Gis Analysis ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Surface Mines ◽  
The Past ◽  
Terrain Models ◽  
Landscape Transformation ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Hydrographic Network

The paper researches the landscape transformation of the surface mines of the Đurđevik coal basin (northeastern Bosnia region), where 35.24 Mt of brown coal were produced in the past 74 years, and 227.40 Mm3 of overburden was excavated and disposed of. This type of coal exploitation caused the formation concave and convex of anthropogenic relief forms which ultimately led to significant landscape transformation. These transformations were identified and geovisualized on the basis of field research and comparative GIS analysis of archival maps, satellite images, Digital Elevation Models and plans of this area. As a result of the research, especially comparative GIS analysis of two prepared terrain models of surface mines, the transformation of hypsometry, slope and aspect, hydrographic network, pedological as well as vegetation cover were determined. Obtained geospatial data are geo-visualized in QGIS, and as a result, thematic maps were created to provide insight into the essence of transformations. Therefore, established indicators of landscape transformation can serve as a significant factor in planning the revitalization and land re-cultivation of devastated areas in the Đurđevik coal basin.

scholarly journals Hydrochemical characterization and evaluation of the impact of AMD processes on river basin areas in the Iberian Pyrite Belt

Water Policy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Grande ◽  
M. L. de la Torre ◽  
M. Santisteban ◽  
J. C. Fortes
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Iberian Pyrite Belt ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
South West ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hydrographic Network

Abstract The hydrographic network in the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) (south-west Europe) is intensively affected by acid mine drainage (AMD) processes. This represents a unique worldwide scenario of extractive mining activity for more than 4,000 years. In order to be able to achieve possible restorations, it is necessary to reduce the scale of possible actions for future environmental improvements, at the river basin level. Therefore, the delineation of watersheds and subwatersheds in the IPB has been carried out, as well as the definition of the degree of impact by AMD processes in these basins in the dry season and in the rainy season. The results show that all basins are affected by AMD processes during the entire hydrological year, with pH values between 2 and 3, for most cases, and high concentrations of sulfates, metals and arsenic.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF RELIEF ON LAND COVER AND LAND USE OF THE LLAP RIVER BASIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shpejtim Bulliqi ◽  
Leutrim Krasniqi ◽  
Florim Isufi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
River Basin ◽  
The North ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Geomorphometric Parameters

Based on the dialectical principle, an attempt was made to analyze in details the impact of relief on land cover and land use. To achieve this objective, the Llap river basin was chosen. The Llap river basin lies in the north-eastern part of Kosovo, which is discerned as a morphological whole with particular physical-geographic elements. Since the past, relief was a factor with direct and indirect impact on land cover and especially on land use. The essential part of the analysis was the correlation of the geomorphometric parameters (altitude and slope) with land cover and land use. For calculating these parameters, a digital elevation model of 12 m / pixel was downloaded from the Alaska Satellite Facility. On the other hand, the CORINE Land Cover 2012 data from the European Environment Agency (EEA) were used for land cover. The completion of the analysis was done in that form for each category of geomorphometric parameters was compared with land cover and land use. It is evident that relief has influenced the Llap basin, both in the extent of settlements and in the activities that human develop on this land.

scholarly journals Uso de Sistema de Informação Geográfica na Determinação do Fator Topográfico da Bacia do Rio Catorze, Sudoeste do PR (Use of Geographic Information System to Determine the Topographic Factor of Catorze River Watershed, Southwest PR)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1099
Author(s):  
Juliane Mônica Ruthes ◽  
Júlio Caetano Tomazoni ◽  
Elisete Guimarães ◽  
Tayoná Cristina Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Break Line ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Topographic Factor ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Contour Lines ◽  
Hydrographic Network

Este estudo foi desenvolvido para estimar o fator topográfico da bacia hidrográfica do rio Catorze, no município de Francisco Beltrão – PR através do uso de SIG. Para isso, utilizou-se o software Spring 5.1.8, onde se editaram os rios, formando a rede hidrográfica da bacia do rio Catorze. Editaram-se ainda, as curvas de nível, gerando uma grade retangular com os valores hipsométricos da Bacia, observando-se uma altimetria entre 540 e 962 m. Com isso, pode-se gerar uma matriz da declividade da Bacia, em porcentagem. Editaram-se os divisores de água, e tendo a hidrografia da Bacia como linha de quebra, gerou-se os comprimentos de rampa. Para a realização do fator topográfico utilizou-se a linguagem LEGAL do software Spring, associando a declividade da bacia do rio Catorze com os comprimentos de rampa, resultando no fator LS. Posteriormente, produziram-se as cartas de declividade, comprimento de rampa e fator topográfico com o auxilio do software Scarta 5.1.8. A declividade na Bacia apresenta-se ondulada a forte-ondulada e o comprimento de rampa se encontra entre 10 e 30 metros. Os valores encontrados para o fator LS, de maneira geral, são medianos, indicando baixa suscetibilidade à erosão devido à topografia da Bacia. Porém, nas nascentes da Bacia onde o relevo é mais íngreme, podem-se relacionar os altos valores do fator LS aos comprimentos de rampa e as declividades mais elevadas, mostrando a influência desses fatores na vulnerabilidade à erosão laminar.Palavras-chave: Fator LS, declividade, comprimento de rampa Use of Geographic Information System to Determine the Topographic Factor of Catorze River Watershed, Southwest PR ABSTRACTThis study was designed to estimate the topographic factor of Catorze River Basin, in the municipality of Francisco Beltran - PR through of GIS. For this, we used the software Spring 5.1.8, which edited the rivers, forming the hydrographic network of Catorze River Basin. It was also edited, the contour lines, creating a rectangular grid with the values of the basin hypsometric, observing an altimetry between 540 and 962 m. Thus, one can generate an array of slope of the basin as a percentage. Edited to the dividers of water, and having hydrography basin as break line was generated ramp lengths. To perform the topographic factor used the language of the software LEGAL Spring, associating the slope of Catorze River Basin with the length of the ramp, resulting in the LS factor. Later, they produced the letters slope, slope length and topographic factor with the help of software Scarta 5.1.8. The slope in the basin has to be strongly wavy corrugated and the length of ramp is between 10 and 30 meters. The values found for the LS factor, in general, they are medians, indicating low susceptibility to erosion due to the topography of the basin. However, in the headwaters of the basin where the terrain is steeper, one can relate the high values of the LS factor for ramp lengths and the higher slopes, showing the influence of these factors in vulnerability to erosion laminar.Keywords: LS factor, slope, slope length

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