Étude de la vulnérabilité à la pollution du système phréatique du sahel de Sfax par les outils SIG

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 317-338
Author(s):  
Nadia Trabelsi ◽  
Imen Hentati ◽  
Ibtissem Triki ◽  
Moncef Zairi
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Index

Le système phréatique du sahel de Sfax (Tunisie) constitue une source importante d’approvisionnement. Ces eaux ne cessent d’être menacées par la pollution nitrique. Dans le but de protéger cet aquifère, une étude de la vulnérabilité intrinsèque a été effectuée. Pour cela on a eu recours à l’utilisation de la méthode SI (Susceptibility Index) qui prend en considération les différents critères de vulnérabilités, régissant le processus de transfert de contaminants. Il s’agit des facteurs géologiques, hydrogéologiques, d’occupation du sol, de la topographie, ainsi que de la météorologie. Dans la présente étude, une modification de la méthode SI a été faite. Une méthode dérivée du modèle SI est présentée (SI modifié). Elle repose sur une démarche qui intègre la modélisation hydrologique sous Agriflux et les SIG. Le divers recours aux SIG a permis l’exécution des différentes opérations de calcul de débits, la création de bases de données ainsi que la cartographie des paramètres influençant la vulnérabilité. L’analyse de la carte de vulnérabilité a permis de distinguer trois zones de degrés de vulnérabilité différents allant du faible au très vulnérable. Les indices SI standard et SI modifié sont combinés, les deux indices de vulnérabilité sont mis en perspective et la pertinence des paramètres utilisés pour chacun est discutée. La cohérence des indices est comparée avec l’occurrence des nitrates dans la plaine de Sfax. La nouvelle carte a permis d’obtenir une meilleure corrélation entre les concentrations en nitrates mesurées et les zones vulnérables par rapport à la méthode originale.

Effects of pH Value on the Stress Corrosion Cracking of Super 13Cr Tubing Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 127-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Fei Yao ◽  
Fa Qin Xie ◽  
Xiang Qing Wu ◽  
Yi Fei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Acidic Medium ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Fracture Morphology ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Susceptibility Index ◽  
Experiment Method ◽  
Effects Of Ph

Effects of pH value on the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of super 13Cr tubing steel were investigated in 3.5% NaCl solution, that mechanics properties and fracture morphology and SCC resistance and stress corrosion cracking susceptibility index (kscc) were analyzed by slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) stress corrosion cracking experiment method and σ-ε curve and SEM. the results Effects of pH value on the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of super 13Cr tubing steel were investigated in 3.5% NaCl solution, that mechanics properties and fracture morphology and SCC resistance and stress corrosion cracking susceptibility index (kscc) were analyzed by slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) stress corrosion cracking experiment method and σ-ε curve and SEM. the results showed that super 13Cr tubing steel has good properties of resistance stress corrosion cracking in acidic medium, effects of pH value on super13Cr tubing steel resistance stress corrosion was not very obviously in the acidic medium, with pH value decreased, super 13Cr tubing steel tensile strength decreased, elongation rate decreased, fracture area contraction ratio decreased, break time reduced, the tendency of the stress corrosion cracking increased. the stress corrosion cracking susceptibility index kσ and kε were all increasing, that increased degree of kε were obviously than kσ, effects of pH value on the plastic deformation of super 13Cr tubing steel were greater than tensile strength.

Introducing Flood Susceptibility Index Using Remote-Sensing Data and Geographic Information Systems

2017 ◽  
pp. 381-400
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Stathopoulos ◽  
Kleomenis Kalogeropoulos ◽  
Christos Polykretis ◽  
Panagiotis Skrimizeas ◽  
Panagiota Louka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Susceptibility Index ◽  
Flood Susceptibility

scholarly journals Continental Portuguese Territory Flood Susceptibility Index – contribution for a vulnerability index

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 7521-7552 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jacinto ◽  
N. Grosso ◽  
E. Reis ◽  
L. Dias ◽  
F. D. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Susceptibility Index ◽  
Flood Susceptibility ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Variable Weight ◽  
Future Work

Abstract. This work defines a national flood susceptibility index for the Portuguese continental territory, by proposing the aggregation of different variables which represent natural conditions for permeability, runoff and accumulation. This index is part of the national vulnerability index developed in the scope of Flood Maps in Climate Change Scenarios (CIRAC) project, supported by the Portuguese Association of Insurers (APS). This approach expands on previous works by trying to bridge the gap between different floods mechanisms (e.g. progressive and flash floods) occurring at different spatial scales in the Portuguese territory through: (a) selecting homogeneously processed datasets, (b) aggregating their values to better translate the spatially continuous and cumulative influence in floods at multiple spatial scales. Results show a good ability to capture, in the higher susceptibility classes, different flood types: progressive floods and flash floods. Lower values are usually related to: mountainous areas, low water accumulation potential and more permeable soils. Validation with independent flood datasets confirmed these index characteristics, although some overestimation can be seen in the southern region of Alentejo where, due to a dense hydrographic network and an overall low slope, floods are not as frequent as a result of lower precipitation mean values. Future work will focus on: (i) including extreme precipitation datasets to represent the triggering factor, (ii) improving representation of smaller and stepper basins, (iii) optimizing variable weight definition process, (iii) developing more robust independent flood validation datasets.

scholarly journals SKRINING GALUR KAPAS (Gossypium hirsutum L.) TOLERAN TERHADAP KEKERINGAN DENGAN PEG-6000 PADA FASE KECAMBAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIWI SUMARTINI ◽  
EMY SULISTYOWATI ◽  
SRI MULYANI ◽  
ABDURRAKHMAN ABDURRAKHMAN
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Drought Susceptibility Index ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Susceptibility Index

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Daerah pengembangan kapas di Indonesia umumnya lahan kering<br />dengan keterbatasan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan galur-<br />galur kapas toleran kekeringan menggunakan PEG-6000 pada fase<br />kecambah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pengujian Benih Balai<br />Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat, mulai bulan April sampai Juni<br />2012. Perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan Petak Terbagi dan diulang dua<br />kali. Petak utama adalah perlakuan PEG-6000 (-3 bar) dan tanpa PEG-<br />6000 (air), sedangkan anak petak adalah 13 galur kapas dan varietas<br />Kanesia 14. Setiap perlakuan terdiri dari lima pot masing-masing ditanam<br />sepuluh biji. Benih kapas dicampur dengan fungisida Mancozeb 80% 2<br />g/kg benih sebelum ditanam. Parameter pengamatan meliputi daya<br />berkecambah, panjang kecambah dan akar, bobot kecambah dan akar,<br />rasio  panjang  akar/kecambah,  serta  indeks  kerentanan  terhadap<br />kekeringan. Kecambah dihitung sebagai kecambah normal jika panjang<br />lebih dari 0,5 cm. Perlakuan PEG-6000 berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap<br />penurunan daya berkecambah, panjang kecambah dan akar, serta bobot<br />kecambah dan akar. Sebaliknya, rasio panjang akar/kecambah lebih tinggi<br />pada perlakuan PEG-6000 dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tanpa PEG-<br />6000. Respon ketahanan galur kapas yang dihitung dengan indeks<br />kerentanan kekeringan berbeda pada masing-masing parameter yang<br />diamati. Dari nilai rata-rata indeks kerentanan kekeringan semua<br />parameter, tidak ada galur yang tahan terhadap kekeringan (S&lt;0,50).<br />Terdapat delapan galur yang agak tahan kekeringan (0,50&lt;S&lt;1,0) dan<br />lebih tahan dibandingkan dengan Kanesia 14, yaitu 03002/12, 03006/1,<br />03008/7, 03008/24, 03012/17, 03014/12, 03017/13, dan 03017/15.<br />Kata kunci: Gossypium hirsutum L., tahan kekeringan, PEG-6000,<br />perkecambahan, galur</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Cotton production areas in Indonesia are arable land with lack of water<br />availability. The aim of this study was to obtain cotton lines tolerant to<br />drought using PEG-6000 at germination stage. The experiment was<br />conducted at the Seed Testing Laboratory in Indonesian Sweetener and<br />Fiber Crops Research Institute, from April to June 2012. Treatments were<br />arranged in a Split Plots design with two replications. The main plot was<br />PEG-6000 (-3 bar) and without PEG-6000 (water), while the subplot was<br />13 cotton lines and Kanesia 14 variety. Seed cotton was treated with 80%<br />Mancozeb fungicide dose of 2g/kg seed before sowing. Parameters<br />observed were germination percentage, shoot and root length, shoot and<br />root weight, ratio of root/shoot length, and drought susceptibility index.<br />Seedling was counted as normal if its length more than 0.5 cm. PEG-6000<br />treatment gives very significant effect on the decline on seed germination,<br />shoot and root length, shoot and root weight. Otherwise, ratio of root/shoot<br />length was higher in the PEG-6000 than without PEG-6000 treatment.<br />Response of cotton lines to drought which calculated with a drought<br />susceptibility index were different among parameter observed. Mean<br />drought susceptibility index of all parameters showed that none of cotton<br />line tolerant to drought (S &lt; 0,50) was achieved from the study. There<br />were eight moderately drought-resistant lines (0, 50 &lt; S &lt; 1,0) achieved<br />namely 03002/12, 03006/1, 03008/7, 03008/24, 03012/17, 03014/12,<br />03017/13, and 03017/15 which more resistance than Kanesia 14.<br />Key words: Gossypium hirsutum L., drought tolerant, PEG-6000,<br />germination, lines</p>

scholarly journals Performance of cigarette susceptibility index among e-cigarette and hookah users

2018 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Barrington-Trimis ◽  
Adam M. Leventhal ◽  
Todd A. Alonzo ◽  
Tess Boley Cruz ◽  
Robert Urman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Index

Developing a Predictive Model for Plasmodium knowlesi–Susceptible Areas in Malaysia Using Geospatial Data and Artificial Neural Networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 101053952110486
Author(s):  
Rozita Hod ◽  
Siti Aisah Mokhtar ◽  
Farrah Melissa Muharam ◽  
Ummi Kalthom Shamsudin ◽  
Jamal Hisham Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Plasmodium Knowlesi ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Susceptibility Index ◽  
Malaria Susceptibility ◽  
Artificial Neural

Plasmodium knowlesi is an emerging species for malaria in Malaysia, particularly in East Malaysia. This infection contributes to almost half of all malaria cases and deaths in Malaysia and poses a challenge in eradicating malaria. The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model for P. knowlesi susceptibility areas in Sabah, Malaysia, using geospatial data and artificial neural networks (ANNs). Weekly malaria cases from 2013 to 2014 were used to identify the malaria hotspot areas. The association of malaria cases with environmental factors (elevation, water bodies, and population density, and satellite images providing rainfall, land surface temperature, and normalized difference vegetation indices) were statistically determined. The significant environmental factors were used as input for the ANN analysis to predict malaria cases. Finally, the malaria susceptibility index and zones were mapped out. The results suggested integrating geospatial data and ANNs to predict malaria cases, with overall correlation coefficient of 0.70 and overall accuracy of 91.04%. From the malaria susceptibility index and zoning analyses, it was found that areas located along the Crocker Range of Sabah and the East part of Sabah were highly susceptible to P. knowlesi infections. Following this analysis, targetted entomological mapping and malaria control programs can be initiated.

scholarly journals Mapping of Groundwater Vulnerability Index in the Alluvial Plain of Semarang City Using the Susceptibility Index Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 01010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adetya Arga Marjuanto ◽  
Thomas Triadi Putranto ◽  
Denny Nugroho Sugianto
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Alluvial Plain ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Plain Area ◽  
Susceptibility Index ◽  
Negative Impacts

One of the negative impacts of settlements and urbanization is the decline in groundwater quality. In maintaining the sustainability of groundwater for a long period of time, a special study is needed, which can be done by examining groundwater vulnerability. The alluvial plain of Semarang City currently faces environmental problems such as degradation of groundwater quality which is the negative impact of the settlement, The purpose of this study was to examine groundwater vulnerability in the alluvial plain area of Semarang City. The Susceptibility Index method is using a spatial analysis tool based on rating and weighting value of some parameters, i.e. Depth of groundwater, recharge, aquifer media, slope, and land use. The result of this research reveals that about 41.3% area is covered under the high vulnerable zone, 50.3% area under moderately vulnerable zone and 8.4% area under the low vulnerable zone. 7 sub districts namely Tugu, Semarang Barat, Semarang Utara, Semarang Timur, Gayamsari, Pedurungan and Genuk, most of which are in the high vulnerability zone. Whereas the Ngaliyan, Semarang Selatan, Semarang Tengah, Candisari, and Gajah Mungkur, which are mostly in the low to moderate vulnerability zones.

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