scholarly journals Introduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Marie Borrelli ◽  
Sophie Andreetta
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
State Laws ◽  
The Core ◽  
Ethnographic Studies ◽  
Case Files ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Limit Access

In order to better understand migration governance and the concrete, daily practices of civil servants tasked to enforce state laws and policies, this special issue focuses on the core artefact of bureaucratic work: documents, in their diverse manifestations, including certificates, letters, reports, case files, decisions, internal guidelines and judgements. Based on ethnographic studies in various contexts, we show how civil servants produce statehood, restrict migrants’ movements, and engage with migrants’ strategies to make themselves legible. State actors simultaneously limit access to legal statutes and benefits, question their own practices, and use their discretion in order to help themselves as well as migrant individuals. We also highlight organisational and professional differences in the way civil servants deal with migrants, relate to the state and its policies and define their obligations towards both, migrants and the state. This special issue therefore contributes to the study of the state as documentary practice and highlights the role of paperwork as serious practice of migration control.

Policing and Political Violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 002200272110130
Author(s):  
Kristine Eck ◽  
Courtenay R. Conrad ◽  
Charles Crabtree
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Conflict Studies ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Conflict Processes ◽  
State Security ◽  
New Research ◽  
Conflict Research

The police are often key actors in conflict processes, yet there is little research on their role in the production of political violence. Previous research provides us with a limited understanding of the part the police play in preventing or mitigating the onset or escalation of conflict, in patterns of repression and resistance during conflict, and in the durability of peace after conflicts are resolved. By unpacking the role of state security actors and asking how the state assigns tasks among them—as well as the consequences of these decisions—we generate new research paths for scholars of conflict and policing. We review existing research in the field, highlighting recent findings, including those from the articles in this special issue. We conclude by arguing that the fields of policing and conflict research have much to gain from each other and by discussing future directions for policing research in conflict studies.

scholarly journals A militant defence of democracy: A few replies to my critics

2020 ◽  
pp. 019145372097472
Author(s):  
Cristina Lafont
Keyword(s):  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Core ◽  
Difficult Question ◽  
Proper Role

In this essay, I address some questions and challenges brought about by the contributors to this special issue on my book ‘ Democracy without Shortcuts’. First, I clarify different aspects of my critique of deep pluralist conceptions of democracy to highlight the core incompatibilities with the participatory conception of deliberative democracy that I defend in the book. Second, I distinguish different senses of the concept of ‘blind deference’ that I use in the book to clarify several aspects and consequences of my critique of epistocratic conceptions of democracy and their search for ‘expertocratic shortcuts’. This in turn helps me briefly address the difficult question of the proper role of experts in a democracy. Third, I address potential uses of empowered minipublics that I did not discuss in the book and highlight some reasons to worry about their lack of accountability. This discussion in turn leads me to address the difficult question of which institutions are best suited to represent the transgenerational collective people who are supposed to own a constitutional project. Finally, I address some interesting suggestions for how to move the book’s project forward.

scholarly journals Theoretical and empirical links between trade unions and democracy

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-19
Author(s):  
Lucio Baccaro ◽  
Chiara Benassi ◽  
Guglielmo Meardi
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Political Democracy ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Core ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
Union Democracy ◽  
The University

This special issue wants to honour the memory of Giulio Regeni, a PhD student at the University of Cambridge who was assassinated while he was conducting field research on independent trade unions in Egypt. This introduction and the following articles focus on the theoretical, empirical and methodological questions at the core of Regeni’s research. Unions have traditionally been regarded as crucial for representing the interests of the working class as a whole and for building and sustaining industrial and political democracy; however, there is a debate about the conditions under which unions can be effective, and the role of unions’ internal democracy is particularly controversial. The article discusses the theoretical linkages between trade unions, democratization and union democracy and concludes with a reflection on the new concerns about the risk of conducting field research on these issues raised by Regeni’s death.

Personnel policy of the state in the field of reducing the level of legal nihilism of civil servants

2021 ◽  
pp. 660-669
Author(s):  
Ksenia Y. Pronina
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
The State ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Personnel Policy ◽  
Administrative Management ◽  
Main Regulator

We study one of the varieties of legal nihilism – the legal nihilism of civil servants, which undermines the role of law as the main regulator of public relations, harms the socio-economic, moral, cultural and other activities of the state. We analyze official statistical data confirming the prevalence of legal nihilism among civil servants, which arises in the field of administrative management and replaces legalized public relations. We point out that the personnel policy is one of the ways to minimize the legal nihilism of civil servants, since it determines the effectiveness of the implementation of goals and tasks facing civil servants. In accordance with the regulatory legal acts, the basic requirements for the formation of the personnel of the civil service are analyzed. We substantiate that one of the effective means to reduce the level of legal nihilism among civil servants may be the adoption of a unified Concept of personnel policy in the field of public service, fixing the funda-mental principles (principles, areas of activity, goals, objectives, strategy for the formation of personnel of public servants), as well as the creation of ap-propriate Concepts in each department, taking into account the specifics of the functions being implemented. We note that only consistent and competent actions can have a positive impact.

Schizophrenic Delusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 735-742
Author(s):  
Arnaldo Ballerini
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Dementia Praecox ◽  
The Core

This chapter examines the relation, if any, between delusion and schizophrenia. The concept of delusion belongs to the semantic universe of psychopathology, whereas the concept of schizophrenia is concerned with that of nosography. In his 1889 work, Kraepelin brought together disparate syndromes, including hebephrenia and delusional syndromes, under the name of Dementia Praecox on the basis of similar outcomes. The chapter first considers some of the studies that have been undertaken to investigate the outcomes of the illness described by Kraepelin, focusing in particular on E. Bleuler’s (1911) concept of “group of schizophrenias” and K. Schneider’s claim that a diagnosis of schizophrenia is a diagnosis of the state and not of the course, and that it is to be founded on Jaspersian psychopathology. The role of autism (not delusions) as the core of schizophrenia is also discussed, along with the fundamental characteristics of schizophrenic delusions.

PARLIAMENTARY REWARDS AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE PATENT SYSTEM

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Burrell ◽  
Catherine Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Reward System ◽  
Patent Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Patent System ◽  
Public Disclosure ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Special Provision

AbstractThis article examines the impact on the patent system of rewards for innovation across the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. During this period, Parliament would regularly grant rewards to inventors, with many of these rewards being set out in legislation. This legislation provided Parliament with the opportunity to promote a model of state support for inventors: a model that made public disclosure of the invention a precondition for assistance. This had important implications for patent law, in particular, in helping to develop the role of the patent specification and the doctrine of sufficiency of disclosure. In this way, the reward system helped establish the framework under which the state would provide support for inventors. Simultaneously, however, the reward system created a space in which inventors would have to do more than meet the minimum requirement of public disclosure. Rewards allowed the state to distinguish between different classes of inventor and to make special provision for particularly worthy individuals. In this way, the reward system recognised the contribution of the “heroic inventor”, whilst leaving the core of the patent system undisturbed.

The End of the Cold War as a Hard Case for Ideas

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Wohlforth
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Hard Case ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Cold War

The articles in this special issue of the journal succeeded in meeting the core objective set out in the introduction: to refine, deepen, and extend previous studies of the role of ideas in the end of the Cold War. In particular, they confront more forthrightly than past studies a major challenge of studying ideas in this case; namely, that ideas, material incentives, and policy all covaried. Two other important problems for those seeking to establish an independent role for ideas remain to be addressed in future studies. Facing those problems as squarely as the contributors to this issue have faced the covariation problem will yield major benefits for the study of ideas in this case and in international relations more generally.

scholarly journals On the role of entanglement in Schrödinger’s cat paradox

Open Physics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Rinner ◽  
Ernst Werner
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Substance ◽  
The State ◽  
Entangled States ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
The Core ◽  
Mechanical Formalism ◽  
Quantum Mechanical Formalism ◽  
Cat States ◽  
Quantum Optical

AbstractIn this paper we re-investigate the core of Schrödinger’s “cat paradox”. We argue that one has to distinguish clearly between superpositions of macroscopic cat states |☺〉 + |☹〉 and superpositions of entangled states |☺, ↑〉 + |☹, ↓〉 which comprise both the state of the cat (☺=alive, ☹=dead) and the radioactive substance (↑=not decayed, ↓=decayed). It is shown, that in the case of the cat experiment recourse to decoherence or other mechanisms is not necessary in order to explain the absence of macroscopic superpositions. Additionally, we present modified versions of two quantum optical experiments as experimenta crucis. Applied rigorously, quantum mechanical formalism reduces the problem to a mere pseudo-paradox.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE SUMMARY IN SAVING OF CONFUSED OBJECTIVES TO SUPPORT LAW ENFORCEMENT IN A CRIMINAL JURISDICTION SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Tri Budi Haryoko
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
The Core ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Storage House ◽  
Law Enforcement Officials

This writing aims to discuss the implementation of the duties and functions of  management of confiscated objects and booty of the state in the Class I Semarang  Sitemap Storage House. One of the core business of the implementation of the  RUPBASAN duties and functions is the function of saving the confiscated objects of the  state that have been mandated in. This paper will see if there is a gap gap when the  function of rescuing confiscated objects mandated by Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning the  Book of Law on Criminal Procedure (KUHAP) and Government Regulation Number 27 of  1983 concerning the Implementation of the Criminal Procedure Code can work well with  support and commitment. related law enforcement officials. It was also explained that  the storage of confiscated objects and booty of the State in the RUPBASAN aims to  guarantee the protection of the safety and security of confiscated objects for the  purposes of evidence at the level of investigation, prosecution, and examination in court  as well as objects which are otherwise confiscated for the state based on court decisions  which has permanent legal force.This paper uses a qualitative approach. The results of  the discussion indicate that the implementation of confiscated objects in RUPBASAN is in  accordance with the KUHAP mandate. But in its implementation these tasks and  functions have not been optimally supported both from internal institutions and related  law enforcement institutions. 

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