scholarly journals In vitro assessment of the capacity of certain mycotoxin binders to adsorb some amino acids and water-soluble vitamins

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 3125-3132
Author(s):  
A. Kihal ◽  
M. Rodriguez-Prado ◽  
C. Godoy ◽  
C. Cristofol ◽  
S. Calsamiglia
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
In Vitro Assessment

In Vitro Assessment of Interaction Between Amino Acids and Copper in Neonatal Parenteral Nutrition

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 827-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Foinard ◽  
Maxime Perez ◽  
Christine Barthélémy ◽  
Damien Lannoy ◽  
Florence Flamein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
In Vitro Assessment

The effect of ammonium on photosynthesis and the pathway of ammonium assimilation in Gymnodinium microadriaticum in vitro and in symbiosis with tridacnid clams and corals

1986 ◽  
Vol 227 (1247) ◽  
pp. 147-159 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ammonium Assimilation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Ammonium Uptake ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Symbiotic Algae

The effects of added ammonium ion (10-1000 μM) on photosynthetic 14 CO 2 fixation by tissues slices from the mantle of tridacnid clams, by coral tips, and by isolated zooxanthellae from clam mantle were examined. Ammonium ions stimulated photosynthesis in tissue slices but not in freshly isolated zooxanthellae. When ammonium stimulated 14 CO 2 fixation by coral tips an increase in water-soluble labelled compounds, especially amino acids, was observed. Even though ammonium ions did not stimulate photosynthesis in isolated zooxanthellae from clam mantle, light stimulated ammonium uptake in these cells. Studies with 15 NH + 4 confirmed earlier observations (in zooxanthellae isolated from Hippopus ) of light-stimulated transfer of ammonium from the amido-N of glutamine to the amino-N of glutamate, glutamine and other amino acids. This observation, in isolated zooxanthellae and tissue slices, suggests that the glutamine synthase-glutamate synthetase pathway of ammonium incorporation is light-driven in these systems. The possible significance of these processes during ammonium recycling by symbiotic algae in marine animals is discussed.

scholarly journals LATENT VIRAL INFECTION OF CELLS IN TISSUE CULTURE

1956 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 765-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl M. Johnson ◽  
Herbert R. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Virus Growth ◽  
Viral Multiplication ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Synthetic Media ◽  
Stimulation Of

When chick embryo tissues cultivated for 13 days in Hanks's balanced salt solution (BSS) were infected with psittacosis virus (6BC), they did not support active viral multiplication until synthetic medium 199 of Parker (3) was added. By testing various combinations of the substances in this and other synthetic media, it was found that the minimum number of compounds required to effectively stimulate virus growth in the presence of BSS comprised the amino acids and water-soluble vitamins found in medium 199. Addition of either amino acids or water-soluble vitamins alone to BSS resulted in only slight stimulation of viral proliferation. Many constituents of the synthetic media were found not to be essential to the stimulation of viral multiplication. The following substances added to a medium containing amino acids and water-soluble vitamins in BSS failed to increase the quantity of virus produced: diphosphopyridine nucleotide (DPN), triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPN), coenzyme A, the fat-soluble vitamins, ribose sugars, and three biological reducing agents: cysteine, glutathione, and ascorbic acid. Among other substances that proved to be not essential a group of purines and pyrimidines present in medium 199 were found to be probably toxic to cells in the concentrations used, since virus titers were lower in media containing these compounds than in those from which they were absent. A change in the nutritional status of these cells involving amino acids and water-soluble vitamins has thus permitted to transform a latent, undetectable viral infection to an inactive infection in vitro.

scholarly journals Absolute Configuration of Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids, Their Wound Healing Properties and In Vitro Anti-Aging Effects

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Orfanoudaki ◽  
Anja Hartmann ◽  
Mostafa Alilou ◽  
Thomas Gelbrich ◽  
Patricia Planchenault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Absolute Configuration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Collagenase Inhibition

Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are water-soluble metabolites, reported to exhibit strong UV-absorbing properties. They have been found in a wide range of marine organisms, especially those that are exposed to extreme levels of sunlight, to protect them against solar radiation. In the present study, the absolute configuration of 14 mycosporine-like-amino acids was determined by combining the results of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) experiments and that of advanced Marfey’s method using LC-MS. The crystal structure of a shinorine hydrate was determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data and its absolute configuration was established from anomalous-dispersion effects. Furthermore, the anti-aging and wound-healing properties of these metabolites were evaluated in three different assays namely the inhibition of collagenase, inhibition of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and wound healing assay (scratch assay).

Chemotactic responses of Brugia pahangi infective third-stage larvae to tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-related compounds and amino acids

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Mitsui ◽  
M. Miura ◽  
K. Kato ◽  
Y. Aoki
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Brugia Pahangi ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Related Compounds

Abstract Since the exogenous compound tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) showed a potent chemoattractant activity for Brugia pahangi infective third-stage larvae (L3), it was assumed that, in natural infection to a host, filarial L3 can be expected to recognize an endogenous Tris-related compound. In addition, a few amino acids have been identified as water-soluble attractants for second-stage juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita, a plant parasitic nematode. Therefore, the present study assesses the in vitro chemotactic responses of B. pahangi L3 to Tris-related compounds and amino acids using an agar-plate assay. Among Tris-related compounds, 2-amino-1,3-propanediol (APD) and 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (AMPD) exhibited a potent chemoattractant activity for filarial L3 at a level similar to Tris. Furthermore, arginine (Arg) was identified as a potent attractant for filarial L3 among amino acids. In addition, filarial L3 were attracted to Arg, APD and AMPD in mild alkaline conditions rather than acidic conditions. The chemoattractant activity of the three compounds for filarial L3 was observed in concentrations between 6.3 and 200 mm. This is the first report to demonstrate that Arg, APD and AMPD are potent chemoattractants for B. pahangi L3. Endogenous Arg and APD, in particular, may be involved in the regulation of the chemotactic behaviour of filarial L3 in the infection to a host. The present results will help to elucidate the mechanism of filarial skin-penetrating invasion of a host.

scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF VEGETATIVE EXPLANTS AND CALLUS PINUS SIBIRICA DU TOUR

2020 ◽  
pp. 395-403
Author(s):  
Zhanna Aleksandrovna Koh ◽  
Yuliya Aleksandrovna Litovka ◽  
Polina Vasil'yevna Makolova ◽  
Kseniya Aleksandrovna Shabanova ◽  
Igor' Nikolayevich Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Pinus Sibirica Du Tour ◽  
Tyrosine Content

The methods of sterilization of annual shoots Pinus sibirica Du Tour and the conditions for their introduction into in vitro culture were studied. Induction of callusogenesis of aseptically viable explants of P. sibirica proceeds more intensively on the modified Murasige-Skoog medium: hormonal supply of 0.4% kinetin and 0.25% 6-benzylaminopurine; reduced sucrose concentration of 1.5%. The frequency of callus formation was 83%. Close quantitative indicators of extractive substances were established (36 and 33% of absolutely dry weight for callus and explant, respectively); easily hydrolyzable polysaccharides (18 and 16%) and proteins (11 and 10%).Callus P. sibirica has a higher content of ascorbic acid, flavanoids, tocopherols and ash elements compared to explants and a low amount of hard-hydrolyzable polysaccharides, lipids, tannins, pigments, and essential oils.The electrophoretic spectrum of water-soluble callus proteins is represented by eleven fractions: 63% of the total water-soluble proteins are fractions with a molecular weight of 33 kD and above. Fractions with molecular weights of 50 and 62 kD (20 and 17%, respectively) are represented as much as possible.In the explants of P. sibirica, low molecular weight fractions of proteins with molecular masses of 5 kD and lower (59%) predominate. The amino acid composition of calli and explants of P. sibirica is identical and is represented by fifteen individual amino acids. Callus tissue has a higher content of glutamic acid and two hydrophobic amino acids (proline and isoleucine) compared to the vegetative part of the plant and low tyrosine content.

An in vitro assessment of amino acid requirements for optimal xylan fermentation by mixed ruminal micro-organisms from the sheep rumen

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 49-49
Author(s):  
A. Y. Guliye ◽  
C. Atasoglu ◽  
N. McKain ◽  
R. J. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Plant Polysaccharides ◽  
Plant Fibre ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Sheep Rumen ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Micro Organisms

Ruminal microbes play a important role in the fermentation of structural plant polysaccharides, and constitute a major source of protein for the animal. Dietary protein provides amino acids which generally stimulate microbial growth rates and yields. The aim of this experiment was to identify, using a deletion approach, which individual amino acids limit fermentation of one of the main components of plant fibre, xylan.

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