scholarly journals How Vietnam is saving lives against Covid-19?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 738-767
Author(s):  
Jonas Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Public Information ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Start Ups

It complements Silva (2020b) research, which showed that among 108 well-evaluated countries, the top benchmark nations against Covid-19 are Vietnam, Taiwan, and Thailand. For example, on April 16, 2021 around 3,011,574 lives were officially lost by Covid-19, while Taiwan, Vietnam, and Thailand reported respectively only 11, 35, and 97 fatal cases (WORLDOMETERS, 2021). So, this article main aim is to investigate the Vietnam performance and the management practices used to save lives against Covid19. The research uses an online questionnaire, is descriptive with documentary and bibliographic approaches to identify management practices, including Non Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) adopted against a pandemic. Also the Fatality Total Index (SILVA, 2020b p. 563) was used to compare Vietnam's performance with 43 semifinalist countries. Some results are: 1) 200 NPIs were identified across the world against coronavirus; 2) Among the 44 countries, Vietnam showed the second best performance, after Taiwan; 3) among 107 respondents living in Vietnam, only 5.61% don´t believe that cultural practices are decisive for the low rate of Covid-19 death, while most (94.39%) believe in that. From the group that believe, the most decisive cultural practices were: wear a mask, wash hands, not shake hands, not hug in public and few religious assembly; 4) for 106 respondents living in Vietnam, the ten main policy measures adopted by the National Government that saved lives against the virus are: international travel control, public information campaigns, schools closures, public event cancellations, integration with mass media, restriction on internal movement, effective public-private collaboration, increase the medical and personal equipment capacity, public transport reduction and combat fake news. At the final, ten golden lessons are provided, from 340 policies, measures, programs, projects, innovative products/services identified, with the majority led by the Public Sector (73.5%), followed by Corporations (8.5%), Others (6.5%), Start ups (6.2%), and Universities (5.3%).

scholarly journals Thailand Performance and Best Management Practices that saved lives against Covid-19: a comparison against ten critical countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 119-154
Author(s):  
Jonas Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Public Information ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Start Ups

After 265 days, since the first reported case of Covid-19, the world has reported the lost of almost one million (969.018) precious lives (WORLDOMETERS, 2020). The pandemic is a challenge for all countries, most of them eager to learn from nations that are successful against the virus. In addition, an international survey, published on April/20, by Silva (2020, p. 600), concluded that although no country is prepared to face epidemics and pandemics (NTI, JHU, and EIU, 2019), among the 16 countries investigated, Thailand, Finland, Australia, South Korea, Denmark, and Sweden are cases that Brazil could study so as not to repeat the scenarios of China, USA, Italy, and Spain. Thus, this study investigates the performance and the best management practices adopted in Thailand to save lives against Covid-19, during the first 180 days facing the pandemic. The research is useful for academy, government policymakers and authorities. It is descriptive, with the application of an online questionnaire, bibliographic and documentary research, involving the study of official sites, articles, reports, manuals, and other technical documents. A new indicator was developed (Fatality Total Index), which allowed to identify that among 20 nations with the highest number of fatal cases, the ten most critical are 1st) Mexico; 2nd) Peru; 3rd) Italy; 4th) Ecuador; 5th) Iran; 6th) Chile; 7th) UK; 8th) Belgium; 9th) Colombia; and 10th) Brazil. Some conclusions are: first) Thailand`s FTI180 is the very low, indicating that this country has learned from the lessons of the past, reason by which is the best at saving lives against the Covid-19; Third) for 86 respondents living in Thailand, wear mask, not shake hands, not hug in public, wash hands, and not wearing shoes in the house, were the five most decisive cultural practices that saved lives; Fourth) For 96 respondents living in Thailand, the ten main policy measures adopted by Thailand Government that saved lives against the Covid-19 are: first) international travel control; 2nd) public event cancellations; 3rd) schools closures; 4th) restriction on internal movement; 5th) workplaces closures; 6th) public information campaigns; 7th) effective public-private collaboration; 8th) increase the medical and personal equipment capacity; 9th) support the expansion of testing system, and 10th) wage subsidies for workers; Fifth) to save lives against Covid-19, 28 innovative products or services were identified in Thailand, with majority led by Corporations, Universities, followed by Public Sector, Start Ups, and Others.

scholarly journals 600 days of Battle

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 89-130
Author(s):  
Jonas Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Public Information ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Resilience Index ◽  
One Year

According to Silva (2020b), among 108 well–evaluated countries, NZ was the eighth best nation during 180 days of battle against Covid-19, and one year after that publication, on 29th October, 2021, about 5,004,0026 lives were officially lost by Covid–19, while NZ only reported 28 deaths (WORLDOMETERS, 2021). To complement Gomes da Silva (2020) and Silva (2020a; 2020b; 2021a; 2021b) researches, the main aim of this article is to investigate the NZ performance and management practices used to save lives against Covid-19. It uses an online questionnaire with descriptive, bibliographic and documentary approaches to identify management practices, including cultural practices and Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) adopted during the pandemic. The main performance is found by using the Fatality Total Index and Resilience Index to compare NZ's performance with 43 countries during 600 days of battle. As a result: 1) among the 44 countries, NZ was the most resilient and the second (FTI600=0.0165) best-best performer, after China (0.0066); 2) among 131 respondents living in NZ, 34.35% don´t believe that cultural practices are decisive for the low rate of Covid–19 death, while 65.65% believe in that. From those that believe, the most decisive cultural practices were wash hands, not hug in public, and not shake hands; 3) for 131 respondents, the ten main policy measures adopted by the National Government that saved lives against the virus are international travel control, public event cancellations, restriction on internal movement, public information campaigns, schools closures, support the expansion of testing system, wage subsidies for workers, workplace closures, increase the medical and personal equipment capacity, and effective public-private collaboration. At the final, lessons are provided from 360 policies, measures, programs, projects, acts/regulations, innovative products/services identified, with the majority led by the Public Sector (66.7%), followed by Corporations (11.4%), Universities (8.9%), Others (8.3%), and Startups (4.7%).

scholarly journals Ten golden lessons from Republic of China (Taiwan), the best country to save lives during 300 days battle against Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 425-474
Author(s):  
Jonas Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Public Information ◽  
National Government ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Unit Structure ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
One Year

Almost 1.81 million lives were officially lost by Covid-19 (WORLDOMETERS, 2020) until last 31thDecember 2020. It was one year with intense global battle against the pandemic, with most countries eagle to learn from benchmark nations able to save lives. A new methodology developed by Silva (2020b), with fifteen phases, showed that among 108 well-evaluated countries, the top six benchmark countries are from Asia with emphasis on Vietnam, Taiwan and Thailand. To complement Silva (2020b) study, this article aims to investigate the performance and the best management practices adopted in Taiwan to save lives, during the first 300 days facing the pandemic. The research is descriptive, uses an online questionnaire with bibliographic and documentary approaches. The Fatality Total Index (FTI) developed by Silva (2020b p. 563) was used to compare Taiwan performance against 43 finalist countries. Some results are: 1) Taiwan`s FTI300 is the lowest (0,0020), confirming that the National Government has learned from the past, and is able to integrate and support main actors of the nation to prevent, prepare and fight against the Covid-19; 2) for 109 respondents living in Taiwan, the ten main policy measures adopted by the National Government that saved lives against the virus are: international travel control (78%), effective public-private collaboration (61%), public information campaigns (52%), integration with mass media (51%), increase the medical and personal equipment capacity (49%), combat fake news (47%), public event cancellations (45%), improve intensive care unit structure (28%), support the expansion of the testing system (20%), and schools closures (16%). At the final, ten golden lessons are described, most of them from the 225 policies, measures, programs, projects, strategies, and innovative products or services identified in Taiwan, with the majority led by Public Sector (56%), Corporations (29%), followed by Others (6%), Start Up (4%) and Universities (4%).

scholarly journals The Impact of Policy Measures on Human Mobility, COVID-19 Cases, and Mortality in the US: A Spatiotemporal Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 996
Author(s):  
Yun Li ◽  
Moming Li ◽  
Megan Rice ◽  
Haoyuan Zhang ◽  
Dexuan Sha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The Us ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

Social distancing policies have been regarded as effective in containing the rapid spread of COVID-19. However, there is a limited understanding of policy effectiveness from a spatiotemporal perspective. This study integrates geographical, demographical, and other key factors into a regression-based event study framework, to assess the effectiveness of seven major policies on human mobility and COVID-19 case growth rates, with a spatiotemporal emphasis. Our results demonstrate that stay-at-home orders, workplace closures, and public information campaigns were effective in decreasing the confirmed case growth rate. For stay-at-home orders and workplace closures, these changes were associated with significant decreases (p < 0.05) in mobility. Public information campaigns did not see these same mobility trends, but the growth rate still decreased significantly in all analysis periods (p < 0.01). Stay-at-home orders and international/national travel controls had limited mitigation effects on the death case growth rate (p < 0.1). The relationships between policies, mobility, and epidemiological metrics allowed us to evaluate the effectiveness of each policy and gave us insight into the spatiotemporal patterns and mechanisms by which these measures work. Our analysis will provide policymakers with better knowledge regarding the effectiveness of measures in space–time disaggregation.

scholarly journals Variational-LSTM Autoencoder to forecast the spread of coronavirus across the globe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed R. Ibrahim ◽  
James Haworth ◽  
Aldo Lipani ◽  
Nilufer Aslam ◽  
Tao Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Public Information ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
School Closing ◽  
Public Events ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractModelling the spread of coronavirus globally while learning trends at global and country levels remains crucial for tackling the pandemic. We introduce a novel variational LSTM-Autoencoder model to predict the spread of coronavirus for each country across the globe. This deep spatio-temporal model does not only rely on historical data of the virus spread but also includes factors related to urban characteristics represented in locational and demographic data (such as population density, urban population, and fertility rate), an index that represent the governmental measures and response amid toward mitigating the outbreak (includes 13 measures such as: 1) school closing, 2) workplace closing, 3) cancelling public events, 4) close public transport, 5) public information campaigns, 6) restrictions on internal movements, 7) international travel controls, 8) fiscal measures, 9) monetary measures, 10) emergency investment in health care, 11) investment in vaccines, 12) virus testing framework, and 13) contact tracing). In addition, the introduced method learns to generate graph to adjust the spatial dependences among different countries while forecasting the spread. We trained two models for short and long-term forecasts. The first one is trained to output one step in future with three previous timestamps of all features across the globe, whereas the second model is trained to output 10 steps in future. Overall, the trained models show high validation for forecasting the spread for each country for short and long-term forecasts, which makes the introduce method a useful tool to assist decision and policymaking for the different corners of the globe.

scholarly journals Variational-LSTM autoencoder to forecast the spread of coronavirus across the globe

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0246120
Author(s):  
Mohamed R. Ibrahim ◽  
James Haworth ◽  
Aldo Lipani ◽  
Nilufer Aslam ◽  
Tao Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Public Information ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
School Closing ◽  
Public Events ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Modelling the spread of coronavirus globally while learning trends at global and country levels remains crucial for tackling the pandemic. We introduce a novel variational-LSTM Autoencoder model to predict the spread of coronavirus for each country across the globe. This deep Spatio-temporal model does not only rely on historical data of the virus spread but also includes factors related to urban characteristics represented in locational and demographic data (such as population density, urban population, and fertility rate), an index that represents the governmental measures and response amid toward mitigating the outbreak (includes 13 measures such as: 1) school closing, 2) workplace closing, 3) cancelling public events, 4) close public transport, 5) public information campaigns, 6) restrictions on internal movements, 7) international travel controls, 8) fiscal measures, 9) monetary measures, 10) emergency investment in health care, 11) investment in vaccines, 12) virus testing framework, and 13) contact tracing). In addition, the introduced method learns to generate a graph to adjust the spatial dependences among different countries while forecasting the spread. We trained two models for short and long-term forecasts. The first one is trained to output one step in future with three previous timestamps of all features across the globe, whereas the second model is trained to output 10 steps in future. Overall, the trained models show high validation for forecasting the spread for each country for short and long-term forecasts, which makes the introduce method a useful tool to assist decision and policymaking for the different corners of the globe.

Managing Recreation in New York's Adirondack Park: A Case Study of Public Perceptions and Preferences for Reducing User Impacts to the High Peaks Wilderness Complex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Jon Schneller ◽  
Greta Lee Binzen ◽  
Colin Cameron ◽  
Samuel Taggart Vogel ◽  
Isaac Bardin
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Adirondack Park ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Management Options ◽  
The Public

This qualitative case study research investigated public perceptions and preferences regarding management options for addressing recreational impacts to the High Peaks Wilderness Complex (HPWC) in New York State’s six-million-acre Adirondack Park. The Park is the largest in the contiguous United States, attracting local and international visitors from Philadelphia, Montreal, Boston, and New York City, major cities within 350 miles of the HPWC. The Park saw 12.4 million visitors in 2018, resulting in crowding, trail erosion, clandestine trails/campsites, water pollution, and plant/wildlife impacts. Data was gathered from 1,200 individuals via an online questionnaire, semi-structured interviews with NGOs, community influentials, and agency representatives, and participant observation. Findings showed the public strongly supported passive management options such as increased funding for education, trail reconstruction, enhanced management of the HPWC, and the Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) promotion of alternatives to the most popular wilderness trails during busy months. The public was split in their support of direct management techniques such as temporary trail closures, limiting the number of hikers, and mandatory permits for hikers/parking. NGOs expressed a diversity of preferences for direct wilderness management, but widely supported enhanced education, trail improvements, and funding increases for management and the hiring of more rangers. The results of this research provide insights for improving management practices that facilitate sustainable recreation while also protecting and restoring federal and state designated wilderness. This manuscript culminates in a suite of management implications based on our research findings, including filling all vacancies within the Adirondack Park Agency Board with professionally and culturally diverse individuals, including women, Tribal representatives, minority communities, environmental attorneys, natural scientists, and regional planners. Funding should be allocated for the hiring of additional rangers, Summit Stewards, and trail crews, for enhanced trail maintenance and hiker education efforts. We also recommend implementing the Wildland Monitoring Program in order to better understand trail carrying capacity and ecological limits. Limiting the number of hikers/vehicles through a permit system is but one solution if efforts to heighten ranger presence, education, and improve trails all fail to address resource degradation.

scholarly journals Do knowledge gains from public information campaigns persist over time? Results from a survey experiment on the Norwegian pension reform

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
HENNING FINSERAAS ◽  
NIKLAS JAKOBSSON ◽  
MIKAEL SVENSSON
Keyword(s):  
Pension Reform ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Short Run

AbstractGovernment authorities use resources on information campaigns in order to inform citizens about relevant policy changes. The motivation is usually that individuals sometimes are ill-informed about the public policies relevant for their choices. In a survey experiment where the treatment group was provided with public information material on the social security system, we assess the short- and medium-term knowledge effects. We show that the short run effects of the information on knowledge disappear completely within 4 months. The findings illustrate the limits of public information campaigns to improve knowledge about relevant policy reforms.

scholarly journals Engagement and Co-Design: Routes to Lawful Research?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda Mourby ◽  
Hannah Smith
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Deficit Model ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Obligations ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
People’S Attitudes

BackgroundThe ‘deficit’ model of engagement, which educates the public about research, has been subject to increasing criticism, as if people’s attitudes arise from ignorance which should be corrected. Nevertheless, a number of attempts to understand public views on the use of Administrative Data for research have used informative models. This can be problematic from a legal perspective, as the law is concerned with data subjects’ ‘reasonable expectations’, not their hypothetical expectations had they received more information. Recent controversies around reasonable expectations have included Google DeepMind and Royal Free, as well as Cambridge Analytica. ObjectivesThis paper considers how public engagement can help administrative data controllers meet their legal obligations when data are processed for research, and how to avoid confusion by placing too much reliance on the views of informed participants as a means of gauging wider public opinion. MethodsWe refer to the findings of an exploratory study of individual attitudes towards Administrative Data Research, which indicate that views and norms around ADR are incipient and ambivalent, especially when compared to perceptions of ‘conventional’ medical research. We consider the legal obligations administrative data controllers have to shape reasonable expectations in light of this uncertainty. FindingsEngagement which informs the public about research does have value. It indicates what the attitudes of the public might be, were certain facts about research more commonly known, and thus underscores the importance of public information campaigns. However, this work cannot provide an accurate representation of public opinion as a whole in the absence of wider dissemination of information across society. ConclusionsThere will inevitably be a number of facets to public engagement: information, representation and transparency. Each of these will correlate differently with data controllers’ legal obligations, and it is essential to understand these connections.

scholarly journals The impact of lockdown measures on COVID-19: a worldwide comparison

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
DI Papadopoulos ◽  
I Donkov ◽  
K Charitopoulos ◽  
S Bishara
Keyword(s):  
Public Information ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
International Travel ◽  
School Closure ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to determine which aspects of the COVID-19 national response are independent predictors of COVID-19 mortality and case numbers.DesignComparative observational study between nations using publicly available data.SettingWorldwide Participants Covid-19 patientsInterventionsStringency of 11 lockdown policies recorded by the Blavatnik School of Government database and earliness of each policy relative to first recorded national casesMain outcome measuresAssociation with log10 National deaths (LogD) and log10 National cases (LogC) on the 29th April 2020 corrected for predictive demographic variablesResultsEarly introduction was associated with reduced mortality (n=137) and case numbers (n=150) for every policy aside from testing policy, contact tracing and workplace closure. Maximum policy stringency was only found to be associated with reduced mortality (p=0·003) or case numbers (p=0·010) for international travel restrictions. A multivariate model, generated using demographic parameters (r2=0·72 for LogD and r2=0·74 for LogC), was used to assess the timing of each policy. Early introduction of first measure (significance p=0·048, regression coefficient β=-0·004, 95% confidence interval 0 to -0·008), early international travel restrictions (p=0·042, β=-0·005, -0·001 to - 0·009) and early public information (p=0·021, β=-0·005, -0·001 to -0·009) were associated with reduced LogC. Early introduction of first measure (p=0·003, β=-0·007, -0·003 to -0·011), early international travel restrictions (p=0·003, β=-0·008, -0·004 to-0·012), early public information (p=0·003, β=-0·007, 0·003 to -0·011), early generalised workplace closure (p=0·031, β=-0·012, -0·002 to -0·022) and early generalised school closure (p=0·050, β=-0·012, 0 to -0·024) were associated with reduced LogC.ConclusionsAt this stage in the pandemic, early institution of public information, international travel restrictions, and workplace closure are associated with reduced COVID-19 mortality and maintaining these policies may help control the pandemic.What is already known on this topicThe COVID-19 pandemic has spread rapidly throughout the world and presented vast healthcare, economic and political challenges. Many nations have recently passed the peak of their infection rate, and are weighing up relaxation of lockdown strategies. Though the effect of individual lockdown policies can be estimated by modelling, little is known about the impact of individual policies on population case numbers or mortality through comparison of differing strategies between nations. A PubMed search was carried out on the 14/5/20 using keywords including “novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia”, “2019-nCoV”, “Sars-Cov-2”, “Covid-19”, “lockdown”,” policy”, “social distancing”, “isolation”, “quarantine” and “contact tracing” returned 258 studies in total. Following scanning of the above results, we found 19 studies that have examined the effect of lockdown within a region, which have demonstrated a reduction in case numbers after the introduction of a lockdown. There are no previous studies that have compared the effectiveness of government lockdowns between nations to determine the effectiveness of specific policies.What this study addsThis study examines the corollary between government policy and COVID-19 case numbers and mortality, correct as of the 29th of April 2020, for every nation that there is available date within the Blavatnik School of Government database on COVID-19 policy. The study demonstrates that early generalised school closure, early generalised workplace closure, early restriction of international travel and early public information campaigns are independently associated with reduced national COVID-19 mortality. The maximum stringency of individual lockdown policies were not associated with reduced case numbers or mortality. Early reintroduction of these policies may be most effective in a relapse of the pandemic, though, school closure, workplace closure and restriction of international travel carry heavy politico-economic implications. There was no measurable effect of maximum stringency of lockdown policy on outcome at this point in time, indicating that early timing of lockdown introduction is of greater importance than its stringency, provided that the resultant viral reproductive rate is less than 1.

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