scholarly journals Do knowledge gains from public information campaigns persist over time? Results from a survey experiment on the Norwegian pension reform

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
HENNING FINSERAAS ◽  
NIKLAS JAKOBSSON ◽  
MIKAEL SVENSSON
Keyword(s):  
Pension Reform ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Short Run

AbstractGovernment authorities use resources on information campaigns in order to inform citizens about relevant policy changes. The motivation is usually that individuals sometimes are ill-informed about the public policies relevant for their choices. In a survey experiment where the treatment group was provided with public information material on the social security system, we assess the short- and medium-term knowledge effects. We show that the short run effects of the information on knowledge disappear completely within 4 months. The findings illustrate the limits of public information campaigns to improve knowledge about relevant policy reforms.

Can information campaigns impact preferences toward vote selling? Theory and evidence from Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-435
Author(s):  
Aaron Erlich
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Emerging Democracies ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Willingness To Engage

What factors shape citizens’ willingness to engage in vote selling? This paper argues that providing voters with information about the detrimental effect of vote selling (public service predation) or telling them that their community members will look down on them if they engage in the practice (social sanctioning) can shape vote-selling attitudes in emerging democracies. Using a nationwide randomized survey experiment carried out between May and June of 2012 in Kenya, this study primes voters with theory-based informational messages for voters to test whether such messages can potentially curtail vote-selling attitudes. The paper finds that both public service predation and social sanctioning messages can reduce stated vote-selling preferences as much as legal campaigns that have been tested previously. The study has important implications for researchers and policy-makers because it suggests alternative methods to change vote-selling attitudes and even behavior in the short- to medium-term.

Reconciling Conflicts among Different Economic Interest Groups in the Management of Fisheries

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2065-2069 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. MacKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Time Preferences ◽  
Social Optimum ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reasonable Solution ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Made In

It is argued that the combined interests of consumers, producers, and the public are best served if the benefits from and the costs of using available fishery resources are calculated in social terms. An optimal level of productive inputs to a fishery can be approached through the imposition of appropriate controls by the state. The form that such action might take in the case of established fisheries, particularly, is considered and the need for gradual and flexible implementation, to prevent industrial and social disruption, is stressed.Management of international fisheries is complicated by the fact that the social optimum, which serves to provide a rational objective for one country, is indeterminate when fish stocks are exploited by fleets of several nations. A second-best arrangement, which would permit the purchase of inputs from the least costly sources and the sale of products in the markets where prices are highest, with the net proceeds being distributed among countries on the basis of need, seems to be impracticable in the foreseeable future. The conclusion is drawn that, for the present, a system of annual catch quotas allocated among interested countries may offer a reasonable solution to the problem.The difficulties associated with the setting of quotas and their equitable allocation are discussed in some detail and the conflicts of interest that may arise in the process are indicated, e.g. those relating to variation in national time-preferences, to differences in stages of development, and to the accommodation of new entrants. Reference is made, in particular, to the conflict between the short-run interests of states with mobile (distant-water) fleets and those of coastal states. Some possibilities for the reconciliation of these conflicts are suggested, e.g. quota-share trading, compensation for abstention, and exchange of (fleet and port) services.

scholarly journals What You Can Scrape and What Is Right to Scrape: A Proposal for a Tool to Collect Public Facebook Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 205630512094070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moreno Mancosu ◽  
Federico Vegetti
Keyword(s):  
Personal Information ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
The Social ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues ◽  
Programming Interface

In reaction to the Cambridge Analytica scandal, Facebook has restricted the access to its Application Programming Interface (API). This new policy has damaged the possibility for independent researchers to study relevant topics in political and social behavior. Yet, much of the public information that the researchers may be interested in is still available on Facebook, and can be still systematically collected through web scraping techniques. The goal of this article is twofold. First, we discuss some ethical and legal issues that researchers should consider as they plan their collection and possible publication of Facebook data. In particular, we discuss what kind of information can be ethically gathered about the users (public information), how published data should look like to comply with privacy regulations (like the GDPR), and what consequences violating Facebook’s terms of service may entail for the researcher. Second, we present a scraping routine for public Facebook posts, and discuss some technical adjustments that can be performed for the data to be ethically and legally acceptable. The code employs screen scraping to collect the list of reactions to a Facebook public post, and performs a one-way cryptographic hash function on the users’ identifiers to pseudonymize their personal information, while still keeping them traceable within the data. This article contributes to the debate around freedom of internet research and the ethical concerns that might arise by scraping data from the social web.

scholarly journals How Vietnam is saving lives against Covid-19?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 738-767
Author(s):  
Jonas Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Public Information ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Start Ups

It complements Silva (2020b) research, which showed that among 108 well-evaluated countries, the top benchmark nations against Covid-19 are Vietnam, Taiwan, and Thailand. For example, on April 16, 2021 around 3,011,574 lives were officially lost by Covid-19, while Taiwan, Vietnam, and Thailand reported respectively only 11, 35, and 97 fatal cases (WORLDOMETERS, 2021). So, this article main aim is to investigate the Vietnam performance and the management practices used to save lives against Covid19. The research uses an online questionnaire, is descriptive with documentary and bibliographic approaches to identify management practices, including Non Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) adopted against a pandemic. Also the Fatality Total Index (SILVA, 2020b p. 563) was used to compare Vietnam's performance with 43 semifinalist countries. Some results are: 1) 200 NPIs were identified across the world against coronavirus; 2) Among the 44 countries, Vietnam showed the second best performance, after Taiwan; 3) among 107 respondents living in Vietnam, only 5.61% don´t believe that cultural practices are decisive for the low rate of Covid-19 death, while most (94.39%) believe in that. From the group that believe, the most decisive cultural practices were: wear a mask, wash hands, not shake hands, not hug in public and few religious assembly; 4) for 106 respondents living in Vietnam, the ten main policy measures adopted by the National Government that saved lives against the virus are: international travel control, public information campaigns, schools closures, public event cancellations, integration with mass media, restriction on internal movement, effective public-private collaboration, increase the medical and personal equipment capacity, public transport reduction and combat fake news. At the final, ten golden lessons are provided, from 340 policies, measures, programs, projects, innovative products/services identified, with the majority led by the Public Sector (73.5%), followed by Corporations (8.5%), Others (6.5%), Start ups (6.2%), and Universities (5.3%).

The End of the “French Paradox”?

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 359-370
Author(s):  
André Fourçans
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
The Public ◽  
French Economy ◽  
Good Shape ◽  
The Social ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Term Analysis ◽  
French Paradox

The purpose of this article is to provide a short- to medium-term analysis of the overall performance of the French economy. Unfortunately, this subject is all too frequently discussed in a manner that is perhaps not as clear as it could be. As a French economist trained in the United States, I hope to briefly outline what I feel are the major issues concerning the French economy in a way that I hope carries a few less biases than usual. First, we need to be clear that the performance of the French economy relative to most OECD countries has been less than what the underlying strengths of the country would lead one to expect. This problem is producing ongoing difficulties with the public finances. Without faster growth, paying for the social benefits the population prefers is becoming increasingly difficult. Third, slower growth coupled with structural impediments in the labor market are combining to produce shockingly high levels of unemployment among the young. As in much of Europe such reforms will be difficult but the need for change is pressing. Fourth, French banks are fortunately in rather good shape and problems in the financial system are not a major concern. Putting these factors together illustrates the “paradox” that is the French economy. This is a highly developed country whose economic performance in many ways is disappointing. However, France is, after all, a democracy. Navigating the country out of this paradox can be done, but only in a way that is French. Thinking that France will somehow transform itself into Germany is delusional. On the other hand, France needs to avoid becoming a larger version of Italy.

scholarly journals What is a vested interest?

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Duncan ◽  
Simon Chapple
Keyword(s):  
Social Interest ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
Vested Interest ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Vested Interests ◽  
Negative Connotation

The term ‘vested interest’ is often used with a negative connotation, with regard to powerful and wealthy firms or groups who exploit their insider position or block policy changes that others believe would benefit the social interest, the latter potentially including future generations. But the term vested interests also covers members of the public who have rights to participate in public debate. So, how should we understand ‘vested interests’ for the purpose of improving and democratising policymaking processes?

scholarly journals 600 days of Battle

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 89-130
Author(s):  
Jonas Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Public Information ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Resilience Index ◽  
One Year

According to Silva (2020b), among 108 well–evaluated countries, NZ was the eighth best nation during 180 days of battle against Covid-19, and one year after that publication, on 29th October, 2021, about 5,004,0026 lives were officially lost by Covid–19, while NZ only reported 28 deaths (WORLDOMETERS, 2021). To complement Gomes da Silva (2020) and Silva (2020a; 2020b; 2021a; 2021b) researches, the main aim of this article is to investigate the NZ performance and management practices used to save lives against Covid-19. It uses an online questionnaire with descriptive, bibliographic and documentary approaches to identify management practices, including cultural practices and Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) adopted during the pandemic. The main performance is found by using the Fatality Total Index and Resilience Index to compare NZ's performance with 43 countries during 600 days of battle. As a result: 1) among the 44 countries, NZ was the most resilient and the second (FTI600=0.0165) best-best performer, after China (0.0066); 2) among 131 respondents living in NZ, 34.35% don´t believe that cultural practices are decisive for the low rate of Covid–19 death, while 65.65% believe in that. From those that believe, the most decisive cultural practices were wash hands, not hug in public, and not shake hands; 3) for 131 respondents, the ten main policy measures adopted by the National Government that saved lives against the virus are international travel control, public event cancellations, restriction on internal movement, public information campaigns, schools closures, support the expansion of testing system, wage subsidies for workers, workplace closures, increase the medical and personal equipment capacity, and effective public-private collaboration. At the final, lessons are provided from 360 policies, measures, programs, projects, acts/regulations, innovative products/services identified, with the majority led by the Public Sector (66.7%), followed by Corporations (11.4%), Universities (8.9%), Others (8.3%), and Startups (4.7%).

scholarly journals Public Perception about Social Work Profession

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Fatbardha Osmanaga
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social

The perception of social work profession is very important, because there are people that are beneficiaries of social services. So, if we have positive perceptions, will have a strong relationship between social workers and people and the quality of services will be better.We have a quantitative study. The main purpose of the paper is to know the public information and perception about the social work profession. The research questions of the paper are:1.What is the information of Shkodra citizens regarding the social work profession?2.What is the perceptionof Shkodra citizens about the social work profession?3.What is the opinion of Shkodra citizens regarding the areas of social work?4.What is the opinion of Shkodra citizens regarding the roles of the social worker?The population of the study is composed of residents of the city of Shkodra. The sampling consists of people who have reached the age of 18. It is sed the survey method. A questionnaire composed of four parts is used. The first part includes the demographic data of the participants, the second part includes data about the information of participants for social work profession, the third part includes data related to the perception that they have regarding social work profession and the fourth part includes data about the opinion of the participants for the fields and roles of the social workers.The syrvey was created on the basis of different sources. There are given the coclusions and the appropriate suggestions. Keywords: Shkodra city, social work, public perception.

scholarly journals Engagement and Co-Design: Routes to Lawful Research?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda Mourby ◽  
Hannah Smith
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Deficit Model ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Obligations ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
People’S Attitudes

BackgroundThe ‘deficit’ model of engagement, which educates the public about research, has been subject to increasing criticism, as if people’s attitudes arise from ignorance which should be corrected. Nevertheless, a number of attempts to understand public views on the use of Administrative Data for research have used informative models. This can be problematic from a legal perspective, as the law is concerned with data subjects’ ‘reasonable expectations’, not their hypothetical expectations had they received more information. Recent controversies around reasonable expectations have included Google DeepMind and Royal Free, as well as Cambridge Analytica. ObjectivesThis paper considers how public engagement can help administrative data controllers meet their legal obligations when data are processed for research, and how to avoid confusion by placing too much reliance on the views of informed participants as a means of gauging wider public opinion. MethodsWe refer to the findings of an exploratory study of individual attitudes towards Administrative Data Research, which indicate that views and norms around ADR are incipient and ambivalent, especially when compared to perceptions of ‘conventional’ medical research. We consider the legal obligations administrative data controllers have to shape reasonable expectations in light of this uncertainty. FindingsEngagement which informs the public about research does have value. It indicates what the attitudes of the public might be, were certain facts about research more commonly known, and thus underscores the importance of public information campaigns. However, this work cannot provide an accurate representation of public opinion as a whole in the absence of wider dissemination of information across society. ConclusionsThere will inevitably be a number of facets to public engagement: information, representation and transparency. Each of these will correlate differently with data controllers’ legal obligations, and it is essential to understand these connections.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document