scholarly journals Mesenteric ischemia in a patient with COVID 19 infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-91
Author(s):  
Yogesh KUKREJA ◽  
◽  
Zenith MOHANTY ◽  
Shishir KUMAR ◽  
Sanjog TRIPATHY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Intestinal Ischemia ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ischemic Bowel ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Atypical Presentations ◽  
Mucous Fistula

The novel COVID-19 disease, caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, apart from its respiratory complications and coagulopathy, is also involved in damage to other organ systems. We present a report of presumptive case of COVID-19 positive patient with no respiratory symptoms with superior mesenteric vein and portal vein thrombosis along with acute intestinal ischemia. The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy, resection of the ischemic bowel loops with proximal ileostomy and distal mucous fistula. The case highlights that despite the absence of respiratory symptoms, patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 may show atypical presentations, such as gastrointestinal symptoms.

scholarly journals Small Bowel Obstruction Induced by Concurrent Postoperative Intra-Abdominal Adhesions and Small Bowel Fecal Materials in a Young Dog

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Jae-Eun Hyun ◽  
Hyun-Jung Han
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Small Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Abdominal Adhesions ◽  
Abdominal Radiography ◽  
Foreign Body Removal ◽  
Small Intestinal

A 7-month-old neutered male poodle dog presented with general deterioration and gastrointestinal symptoms after two separate operations: a jejunotomy for small-intestinal foreign body removal and an exploratory laparotomy for diagnosis and treatment of the gastrointestinal symptoms that occurred 1 month after the first surgery. The dog was diagnosed as having small-bowel obstruction (SBO) due to intra-abdominal adhesions and small-bowel fecal material (SBFM) by using abdominal radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography, and laparotomy. We removed the obstructive adhesive lesion and SBFM through enterotomies and applied an autologous peritoneal graft to the released jejunum to prevent re-adhesion. After the surgical intervention, the dog recovered quickly and was healthy at 1 year after the surgery without gastrointestinal signs. To our knowledge, this study is the first report of a successful treatment of SBO induced by postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions and SBFM after laparotomies in a dog.

Profile and outcomes of critically ill children in a lower middle-income country

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan Habib ◽  
Khalid Mehmood A Khan
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Middle Income Country ◽  
Income Country ◽  
Critically Ill Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Lower Middle Income Country ◽  
Level 1

ObjectiveTo determine the clinical profile and outcome of critically ill children presenting to a paediatric ED in a lower middle-income country.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of children (<14 years) presenting to the ED of the National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, between January and December 2014 who were assigned to acuity 1 (requiring immediate life-saving interventions) according to the Emergency Severity Index. Data included demographic variables, presenting complaints, interventions and outcomes in the ED.ResultsThere were 172 162 visits during the year. Of these, 13 551 (8%) were level 1. 64% of level 1 patients were transported to the ED without ambulance service. Neonates (0–28 days) constituted 48% of level 1 children; their most frequent presenting complaints were respiratory symptoms, followed by fever and reluctance to feed. Above the neonatal age group, the most common presenting complaints were gastrointestinal symptoms (with signs of hypoperfusion), followed by seizures, reluctance to feed and respiratory symptoms. 64% of children of >28 days presenting were malnourished. Interventions included cardiopulmonary resuscitation, application of bubble continuous positive airway pressure and endotracheal intubation. Overall mortality was 13%; 63% of all deaths were in the neonatal age group.ConclusionChildren with the highest triage acuity represent 8% of all visits to a paediatric ED. In this group, neonates account for nearly half of all the children, and more than half of all the deaths among critically ill children came in ED. A large proportion of high-acuity children are malnourished.

scholarly journals Left-Sided Sigmoid Diverticulitis Presenting as Right-Sided Thigh Abscess

2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Bates Murphy ◽  
Paul Belliveau
Keyword(s):  
Diverticular Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Sigmoid Diverticulitis ◽  
North American Population ◽  
American Population ◽  
The North ◽  
Colocutaneous Fistula ◽  
Atypical Presentations ◽  
Thigh Abscess ◽  
Uncommon Complication

Abstract Acquired diverticular disease of the colon is very common in the North American population. Atypical presentations are usually due to complications and rarely the predominant complaint may be related to an associated fistula. Thigh abscesses due to colocutaneous fistula represent an uncommon complication of sigmoid diverticulitis. In rare cases, a thigh abscess may be the only symptom, but gas in the thigh should raise the index of suspicion for bowel pathology. We report the second known case of a left-sided sigmoid diverticulitis leading to an isolated right thigh abscess with no gastrointestinal symptoms.

scholarly journals Congenital Descending Colonic Stenosis with Perforation of Transverse Colon in a Neonate: A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
R Hamid ◽  
AH Shera ◽  
NA Bhat ◽  
A Baba ◽  
A Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Sigmoid Colon ◽  
Transverse Colon ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Uneventful Recovery ◽  
Colonic Stenosis ◽  
Colonic Atresia ◽  
Mucous Fistula

Colonic atresia and stenosis are rare causes of intestinal obstruction in the infant. Only 10 cases have been reported in Literature since 1966 and only one late-onset case has been reported in Literature until now. We describe the case of a 3 day old baby presenting with abdominal distension, failure to pass meconium and vomiting. X-ray of the abdomen showed dilated gut loops. Exploratory laparotomy was performed. At the junction of descending and sigmoid colon a stenosis was found, laparotomy also revealed a perforation of transverse colon. Transverse colostomy and a mucous fistula of sigmoid colon was performed after resecting stenosing segment and colon distal to perforation site upto stenosing site. Diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology. Colostomy was close after six weaks with uneventful recovery. Considering both the Literature and our case, congenital colonic stenosis should be considered one of the rare differential diagnoses in a neonate presenting as complete or partial intestinal obstruction. Key words: Colonic Stenosis; Perforation; Obstruction DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v32i1.5446   J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol.32(1) 2012 73-75  

scholarly journals Dermo-Hipodermites Bacterianas Agudas Não Necrotizantes: Erisipela e Celulite Infeciosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Maria Alexandra Rodrigues ◽  
Mónica Caetano ◽  
Isabel Amorim ◽  
Manuela Selores
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
First Line ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Atypical Presentations ◽  
Main Complication

Non-necrotizing acute dermo-hypodermal infections are infectious processes that include erysipela and infectious cellulitis, and are mainly caused by group A β-haemolytic streptococcus. The lower limbs are affected in more than 80% of cases and the risk factors are disruption of cutaneous barrier, lymphoedema and obesity. Diagnosis is clinical and in a typical setting we observe an acute inflammatory plaque with fever, lymphangitis, adenopathy and leucocytosis. Bacteriology is usually not helpful because of low sensitivity or delayed positivity. In case of atypical presentations, erysipela must be distinguished from necrotizing fasciitis and acute vein thrombosis. Flucloxacillin and cefradine remain the first line of treatment. Recurrence is the main complication, so correct treatment of the risk factors is crucial.

scholarly journals Analysis of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in 281 Cases of Hospitalized Covid 19 Patients, Single-Center Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gözde Derviş Hakim ◽  
Şükran Köse ◽  
Pınar Şamlıoğlu ◽  
Cengiz Ceylan ◽  
Mehmet Can Uğur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Gastrointestinal System ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Gi Symptoms

Objective: Although Covid-19 which has been identified as the disease caused by SARS COV-2 virus mainly affects the respiratory tract, it was observed that many systems were affected. The gastrointestinal system is one of the main systems involved. The aim of this manuscript was to perform epidemiological, virological, and clinical analysis of 59 Covid 19-positive patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. Method: Covid-19 diagnosed patients have been started to be admitted since March, 20, 2020. Epidemiological, demographical, clinical findings, laboratory analyses as well as hospitalization periods and disease progression of the patients presenting gastrointestinal system (GIS) symptoms admitted between March, 31, 2020 and August, 1, 2020. Results: Totally 710 Covid 19-positive patients hospitalized were screened. Among these patients, those with incomplete medical history and deficient data were excluded. The analysis of 281 patients admitted due to Covid-19 diagnosis with complete data since admission revealed that 59 patients presented GIS symptoms at admission. The aforesaid patients were compared with 222 patients admitted due to Covid-19 without GIS symptoms within the same period. GIS symptoms were detected on 59 (59/281) (20.99%) patients admitted due to Covid-19. Detailed review of these patients revealed that 18 (18/59) (30.50%) patients had nausea-vomiting, 10 (10/59) (16.95%) patients had abdominal pain, and 31 (31/59) (52.55%) patients had GIS bleeding. It was observed that vomiting was added into the clinical presentation in 7 of 18 patients. Although there is not any diarrhea symptom alone, total number of cases with diarrhea+abdominal pain, diarrhea+nausea-vomiting, diarrhea+nausea-vomiting+abdominal pain was 17 (17/59) (28.81%) of 59 patients. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, we have found 20.99% gi symptoms in the hospitalizated patients due to Covid 19. Although GIS symptoms are not associated with disease severity, they are important for the identification and spread of the disease, along with respiratory symptoms.

scholarly journals An Overview of Novel and Emerging Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Sumona Bhattacharya Sumona Bhattacharya ◽  
Raymond K. Cross Raymond K. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Emerging Therapies ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Inflammatory bowel disease, consisting of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, causes chronic gastrointestinal symptoms and can lead to morbidity and mortality if uncontrolled or untreated. However, for patients with moderate-to-severe disease, currently available therapies do not induce or maintain remission in >50% of patients. This underscores the need for additional therapies. In this review, the authors detail the novel therapies vedolizumab, tofacitinib, and ustekinumab and delve into therapies which may come onto the market within the next 10 years, including JAK-1 inhibitors (filgotinib and upadacitinib), IL-23 inhibitors (guselkumab, mirikizumab, and risankizumab), the anti-β4β7 and anti-βEβ7 integrin monoclonal antibody etrolizumab, the sphingosine-1-phosphate subtypes 1 and 5 modulator ozanimod, and mesenchymal stem cells. Further studies are required before these emerging therapies gain approval.

scholarly journals COVID-19, MERS and SARS with Concomitant Liver Injury—Systematic Review of the Existing Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Kukla ◽  
Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka ◽  
Katarzyna Kotfis ◽  
Dominika Maciejewska ◽  
Igor Łoniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Intensive Care Treatment ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Massive Necrosis ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Elevated Transaminases

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection has been predominantly linked to respiratory distress syndrome, but gastrointestinal symptoms and hepatic injury have also been reported. The mechanism of liver injury is poorly understood and may result as a consequence of viral hepatitis, systemic inflammatory response, gut barrier and microbiome alterations, intensive care treatment or drug toxicity. The incidence of hepatopathy among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is unclear, but studies have reported liver injury in patients with SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). We aimed to systematically review data on the prevalence of hepatic impairments and their clinical course in SARS and MERS Coronaviridae infections. A systematic literature search (PubMed/Embase/Cinahl/Web of Science) according to preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA) was conducted from database inception until 17/03/2020 for studies that evaluated the incidence of hepatic abnormalities in SARS CoV-1, SARS CoV-2 and MERS infected patients with reported liver-related parameters. A total of forty-three studies were included. Liver anomalies were predominantly mild to moderately elevated transaminases, hypoalbuminemia and prolongation of prothrombin time. Histopathology varied between non-specific inflammation, mild steatosis, congestion and massive necrosis. More studies to elucidate the mechanism and importance of liver injury on the clinical course and prognosis in patients with novel SARS-CoV-2 infection are warranted.

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