Ependymomas

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartolo M. Barone ◽  
Arthur R. Elvidge
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Tumor Characteristics ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A clinical and pathological survey of 74 histologically verified ependymomas (47 intracranial, 27 spinal) was derived from a total series of 2186 gliomas. Patient ages ranged from 7 months to 64 years. The malignant tumors above the tentorium tended to occur in patients over 22 years. The greatest frequency occurred with 24 tumors in the fourth ventricle and 20 in the region of the cauda equina. The location, symptomatology, objective findings, surgical and x-ray therapy, and vital statistics have been evaluated. There was no correlation between tumor characteristics and preoperative symptomatology. Supplementary x-ray therapy appeared to be beneficial. Seventeen of the 36 patients with benign intracranial tumors and five of the 11 patients with malignant intracranial tumors survive. Fourteen of the 27 patients with spinal ependymomas survive. There was one instance of generalized metastasis in the spinal series and none in the intracranial group.

Impaction fracture of the lumbar vertebrae with dural tear

1980 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 765-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole A. Miller ◽  
Richard C. Dewey ◽  
William E. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Dural Tear ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Content Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Jefferson Fracture ◽  
Vertical Impaction ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors describe a lumbar spine fracture that is characterized on anteroposterior x-ray views by separation of the pedicular shadows. It is almost invariably associated with posterior interlaminar herniation of the cauda equina through a dorsal dural split, and anterolateral entrapment or amputation of the nerve root. The fracture is unstable and requires internal fixation and fusion at the time of neurolysis. Fractures meeting these criteria should be explored as soon as the patient's condition permits. Myelography is usually unnecessary and may be contraindicated in some cases. The postulated mechanism of injury is hyperextension with vertical impaction and rupture of the ring made up of the lamina, pedicle, and vertebral body. The ring is fractured in several places in a manner similar to that seen in “Jefferson fracture” of C-1. The special anatomical relationships of the thoracolumbar junction and the plane of the lumbar facets are also discussed.

Delineation of the obex by contrast radiography during percutaneous trigeminal tractotomy

1972 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Content Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cisterna Magna ◽  
Contrast Radiography ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Accuracy of percutaneous implantation of an electrode into the descending trigeminal tract can be improved substantially by contrast radiography. A translateral x-ray film taken after 1 cc of Pantopaque emulsified with 1 cc of cerebrospinal fluid has been injected by midline puncture of the cisterna magna will outline the floor of the fourth ventricle, the obex, and the dorsum of the medulla oblongata. Injection is made under mild pressure and with the patient prone. This technique has been used successfully on 12 patients.

Radiological features of the meningoradicular metastases of tumors of the central nervous system

1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 627-630
Author(s):  
Jean Pecker ◽  
Jacques Simon ◽  
Gilles Guy ◽  
Michel Carsin ◽  
Michel Jan
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Radiological Features ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Radiological Studies ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors present two cases of intracranial tumors that metastasized through the CSF to the spinal cord and its roots, and discuss the value and hazards of radiological studies in making the diagnosis. Medulloblastomas, pinealomas, and ependymomas are the most common intracranial tumors to metastasize in this fashion. The metastases usually locate in the dural fundus and roots of the cauda equina due to the hydrodynamics of the CSF.

Unusual causes of trigeminal neuralgia treated by gamma knife radiosurgery

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 533-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Woo Chang ◽  
Jae Young Choi ◽  
Young Sul Yoon ◽  
Yong Gou Park ◽  
Sang Sup Chung
Keyword(s):  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Gamma Knife ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Segmental Demyelination ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinical Responses ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The purpose of this paper was to present two cases of secondary trigeminal neuralgia (TN) with an unusual origin and lesion location. In two cases TN was caused by lesions along the course of the trigeminal nerve within the pons and adjacent to the fourth ventricle. Both cases presented with typical TN. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed linear or wedge-shaped lesions adjacent to the fourth ventricle, extending anterolaterally and lying along the pathway of the intraaxial trigeminal fibers. The involvement of the nucleus of the spinal trigeminal tract and of the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus with segmental demyelination are suggested as possible causes for trigeminal pain in these cases. It is postulated that these lesions are the result of an old viral neuritis. The patients underwent gamma knife radiosurgery and their clinical responses have been encouraging to date.

Posterior epidural migration of sequestered lumbar disc fragments

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Robe ◽  
Didier Martin ◽  
Jacques Lenelle ◽  
Achille Stevenaert
Keyword(s):  
Cauda Equina Syndrome ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Contrast Material ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Radicular Pain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Diagnostic Pitfalls ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The posterior epidural migration of sequestered lumbar disc fragments is an uncommon event. The authors report two such cases in which patients presented with either intense radicular pain or cauda equina syndrome. The radiological characteristics were the posterior epidural location and the ring enhancement of the mass after injection of contrast material. The major diagnostic pitfalls are discussed.

The deposition of Hg203-chlormerodrin in experimental brain tumors

1971 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Kobayashi ◽  
Louis Bakay ◽  
Joseph C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Electron Microscopic Autoradiography ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Meningeal Tumors ◽  
Vacuolar System ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The deposition of Hg203-chlormerodrin was studied in intracranial tumors in mice induced by implantation of 20-methyl cholanthrene by tissue assay, as well as light microscopic and electron microscopic autoradiography. The investigations were carried out in astrocytomas, glioblastomas, and meningeal tumors. The chlormerodrin content of the tumors exceeded that of normal brain with a significant tumor/brain ratio ranging from 5.8 to 22.5. It was found that the chlormerodrin molecule becomes rapidly incorporated in the tumor cells, with a preference for that portion of the cytoplasm associated with the vacuolar system.

Anterior sacral meningocele contiguous with a pelvic hamartoma

1984 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Leibowitz ◽  
William Barton ◽  
Parvis Sadighi ◽  
Jeffrey S. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transabdominal Approach ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Anterior Sacral Meningocele ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A patient with an anterior sacral meningocele combined with a hamartoma was diagnosed with x-ray films, myelography, and computerized tomography. She was successfully operated on by a transabdominal approach.

Teratoma of the fourth ventricle

1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Morelli
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Malignant Teratoma ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The author reports a rare case in which a primary malignant teratoma presented as an obstructing mass in the fourth ventricle. The tumor was not cystic but well encapsulated, and a gross total surgical removal was accomplished. A fatal recurrence occurred within 3 months.

Dermoid tumors of the spinal cord

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 676-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian C. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ This is an analysis of 10 cases of dermoid tumor occurring in the spinal canal (8 lumbar and 2 thoracic). Low-back pain was the commonest presenting symptom, especially if the tumor was adherent to the conus medullaris. Other complaints included urinary dysfunction and motor and sensory disturbances of the legs. Clinical and radiological evidence of spina bifida was found in about half of the cases and suggested the diagnosis of a developmental type of tumor when patients presented with progressive spinal cord compression. At operation, the tumors were often found embedded in the conus medullaris or firmly adherent to the cauda equina, thus precluding complete removal. Evacuation of the cystic contents, however, gave lasting relief of the low-back pain and did not cause any deterioration in neurological function. In a follow-up study, ranging from 1 to 15 years, virtually no improvement in the neurological signs was observed. On the other hand, only one case has deteriorated due to recurrence of tumor growth.

X-ray-translucent retractors in spine surgery

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 520-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Knöringer
Keyword(s):  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Content Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Image Intensification ◽  
Fine Print

✓ With surgery of the vertebral column under image intensification, surgical instruments and conventional metal retractors often obscure important x-ray landmarks. Surgery is more difficult, operating time is longer, and exposure to x-rays is increased. The author has developed x-ray-translucent retractors for ventral and dorsal operations. Although for reasons of strength these retractors have somewhat more bulk than equivalent metal retractors, they are sufficiently stable and are compatible with spacial requirements. They can be sterilized and reused.

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