scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF DENTAL ENAMEL DURING PROFESSIONAL WHITENING USING HYDROGEN PEROXIDE

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
A.V. Dvornyk ◽  
Z.Yu. Nazarenko ◽  
L.I. Lyashenko ◽  
I.M. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Chemical Component ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Structural Resistance ◽  
Hard Dental Tissues ◽  
The Right

Teeth whitening is a way to restore the natural colour of teeth with applying a chemical agent that oxidizes the organic pigments of the hard dental tissues. Teeth whitening has become one of the most frequently requested dental procedures among the population. The public demands whiter, more perfect smiles, and many teeth whitening options have been made in response. To assess the changes occurring in the hard dental tissues, and, in particular, in the enamel, it is necessary to study the chemical structure of the teeth and determine the number of elements in the enamel to predict the whitening procedure outcomes and make adjustments in post-procedural care. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the chemical composition of the dental enamel surface after the procedure of professional hygiene and the use of 35% hydrogen peroxide for teeth whitening as the main chemical component of the whitening system. To study the trace element composition of the dental enamel, the tooth surface was segmented into areas for microanalysis. The peculiarity consisted in that the studied areas differed from the right and left sides of the tooth, because the left side in the studied teeth was the control area, and the right side allowed us to compare and contrast the chemical component of enamel in each tooth separately, by comparing the findings. The results obtained have demonstrated that there is a change in the chemical composition of the enamel in the studied teeth. The change in chemical composition indicators significantly affects the change in clinical indicators, and the strength of clinical manifestations will depend on the features of functional and structural resistance of the dental enamel. We can state that changing in the number of elements can lead to increased sensitivity during the rehabilitation period throughout which the chemical composition of the dental enamel restores.

scholarly journals Penetration of Hydrogen Peroxide and Degradation Rate of Different Bleaching Products

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
FC Marson ◽  
RS Gonçalves ◽  
CO Silva ◽  
LTÂ Cintra ◽  
RC Pascotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Acetate Buffer Solution ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Bleaching Gels

SUMMARY This study's aim was to evaluate the degradation rate of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and to quantify its penetration in tooth structure, considering the residence time of bleaching products on the dental enamel. For this study, bovine teeth were randomly divided according to the bleaching product received: Opalescence Xtra Boost 38%, White Gold Office 35%, Whiteness HP Blue 35%, Whiteness HP Maxx 35%, and Lase Peroxide Sensy 35%. To analyze the degradation of H2O2, the titration of bleaching agents with potassium permanganate was used, while the penetration of H2O2 was measured via spectrophotometric analysis of the acetate buffer solution, collected from the artificial pulp chamber. The analyses were performed immediately as well as 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 45 minutes after product application. The data of degradation rate of H2O2 were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests, while ANOVA and Fisher tests were used for the quantification of H2O2, at the 5% level. The results showed that all products significantly reduced the concentration of H2O2 activates at the end of 45 minutes. It was also verified that the penetration of H2O2 was enhanced by increasing the residence time of the product on the tooth surface. It was concluded that the bleaching gels retained substantial concentrations of H2O2 after 45 minutes of application, and penetration of H2O2 in the dental structure is time-dependent.

scholarly journals Linkage Between Microstructure and Chemical Composition of Iron-Rich Hard Dental Tissues from the Feral Coypu by Analytical TEM Investigations

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (S2) ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
V. Srot ◽  
U. Salzberger ◽  
B. Bussmann ◽  
B. Pokorny ◽  
I. Jelenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Analytical Tem ◽  
Hard Dental Tissues

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, August 4 – August 8, 2013.

Comprehensive approach to treatment of malocclusion in children with different degree of caries resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-198
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Ippolitov ◽  
E. N. Bondareva ◽  
M. E. Kovalenko ◽  
E. Yu. Zolotareva ◽  
M. M. Tatarintsev
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Dental Tissue ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Hard Dental Tissues

Relevance. Skeletal malocclusion stands at the head of all oral diseases and is encountered in 32-35% of children and adolescents in Russia [7;12;15]. The number of malocclusions has increase due to various reasons, one of which is early extraction of deciduous carious teeth resulting in impaired vertical dimension and occlusion of teeth [1;14]. Diagnosis with due regard to caries resistance degree and planning of respective operative and orthodontic treatment are indispensable in children with skeletal malocclusion. Purpose – to increase effectiveness of functional treatment of malocclusion in children with various degree of caries resistance.Materials and methods. There were examined 108 patients aged between 6 and 16 with Class I malocclusion according to Angle, abnormal arch-to-arch relationship and tooth position and various degree of caries resistance. 4 groups were formed: high, sufficient mean, decreased mean and low caries resistance of dental enamel. Intensity of carious process was detected in all patients before and after orthodontic treatment. The effectiveness of reminerlization administered by removable orthodontic appliances was evaluated by electrometrical testing of hard dental tissue. Surface EMG was used to assess normalization of tone of maxillofacial muscles in children by average amplitude of biopotentials of superficial masseter and temporalis muscles.Results. Сhanges in caries intensity in children after treatment with removable orthodontic aligners indicate the necessity for remineralization of hard dental tissues during orthodontic treatment and it is confirmed by decrease of electroconductivity of enamel in children with sufficient mean, decreased mean and low degree of dental enamel caries resistance. Increase of biopotential mean amplitude during «total mastication» for masseter and temporal muscles confirms effectiveness of preformed elastic positioner along with myodynamic exercises.Conclusions. The conducted study proves the necessity of comprehensive approach with procedures  increasing the degree of caries resistance of hard dental tissues during orthodontic treatment of skeletal malocclusion in children. 

scholarly journals Individual prediction of development of cervical dental tissue pathology based on the parameters of oral fluid

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-628
Author(s):  
I. I. Zabolotna
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Young People ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Hard Dental Tissues

Annotation. Significant prevalence of cervical lesions of hard dental tissues is the reason for the search for the ways to predict their development that is possible only with an individual approach to solving this problem. The aim of the study is to determine the chemical composition of the patients’ oral fluid with clinically intact hard tissues, cervical caries and wedge-shaped defect, identify its critical values and the subsequent development of the method for individual prediction of the onset of pathology in young people. To accomplish it we used JSM-6490 LV focused beam electron microscope (scanning) to determine the chemical composition of the enamel and dentin of 29 teeth and their longitudinal sections, the chemical composition of the oral fluid of 33 patients who were divided into three groups depending on the state of their hard dental tissues. The approbation of the proposed method was carried out in 45 young people, the results were compared with the data of the clinical examination of 42 patients a year later. To verify the relationship between the variables, the Pearson parametric correlation method was used based on the determination of the Brave-Pearson parametric coefficient (r) with a 95% confidence level. The reliability of the obtained results was evaluated by Student's t-test, the correlation between indicators – by Student’s test using the Z-test (Fisher’s z-test). The level of significance of differences at p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. It was determined that the values of the Ca+Na+Mg/P coefficient in enamel, dentin and oral fluid significantly differed depending on the state of hard dental tissues (p≤0.05). Moderate and high inverse correlation was revealed between Ca/P and Ca+Na+Mg/P coefficients in cervical enamel and oral fluid (p≤0.05). Obtained results became the basis for the development of the method for individual prediction of the onset of cervical pathology in young people: with the values of the Ca+Na+Mg/P coefficient higher than 22 – a low level, from 11 to 22 – an average level, lower than 11 – a high risk level. Thus, we have proved that the proposed method is informative (the predictive accuracy reaches 85%), its non-invasiveness is the basis for its widespread use. We consider the search for the ways of individual prediction of the development of cervical caries and wedge-shaped defect in young people based on the parameters of the oral fluid to be promising.

scholarly journals Experimental evaluation of the chemical composition of dental cement in adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Maria S. Malina ◽  
Sergey Yu. Tytyuk ◽  
Andrey K. Iordanishvili
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Tooth Root ◽  
Dental Cement ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Hard Dental Tissues ◽  
Root Surface Caries

BACKGROUND: Information about the chemical composition of tooth root cement is limited, although it can contribute to clarifying the mechanisms of tooth root surface caries development and in improving methods of its treatment and prevention. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of cement in intact teeth and in teeth with root caries in adults of different age groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The average Ca, P, and Ca/P-coefficient in the cement of the intact teeth and in the caries of the root was obtained, and a tendency toward a decrease in the total mineralization of the cement in the caries of the root was also found. RESULTS: In adults experiencing hyperesthesia of hard dental tissues, regardless of age and sex, the morphological picture is similar and is determined by pathological changes of carious and non-carious origin in tooth tissues that cause hyperesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: Moderate and severe hyperesthesia of the hard tissues of the adult teeth results in a decrease in the level of mineralization in the enamel, dentin, as well as in cement relative to the intact teeth.

scholarly journals Effectiveness and Adverse Effects of Over-the-Counter Whitening Products on Dental Tissues

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiara Rodrigues de Freitas ◽  
Marynara Mathias de Carvalho ◽  
Priscila Christiane Suzy Liporoni ◽  
Ana Clara Borges Fort ◽  
Rodrigo de Morais e Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Individual Product ◽  
Harmful Effects

The role of bleaching agents (e.g., hydrogen peroxide) in tooth bleaching is quite well-described in a few literature studies and considered as the option choice for those desiring brighter teeth, but alternative methods have emerged to fulfill the desire of patients in a faster, easier, and cheaper way. In this context, whitening over-the-counter (OTC) products are available in several vehicles, such as toothpaste, rinses, gums, paint-on varnishes, and strips, but their effectiveness in terms of bleaching is questioned. This review aimed to describe their mode of action, whitening effectiveness, and harmful effects associated with the indiscriminate use of these products. Dentifrices usually present a combination of abrasives that can induce damage to the tooth surface without evidence of promoting real bleaching. The same was found for rinses, which might present a low pH, with an erosive potential. Charcoal has been included in the composition of these products to improve their whitening effect but there is no evidence supporting it. Regarding strips, they present hydrogen peroxide in a variety of concentrations and are the only OTC products able to promote bleaching. Despite the vehicle, an indication for the use of these products should be made after a careful individual diagnosis of the etiology of the dental staining, considering that most of them seem to be effective only in removing extrinsic stains or preventing their formation over enamel. Also, their indiscriminate use might induce damage and deleterious effects over tooth tissues or gingival tissues. The dentist should be aware of the composition and mode of action of each individual product as they change according to the composition and the vehicle used to recommend the best mode of usage. Still, there is no sound evidence that any of the described OTC products promote a better bleaching effect than the products indicated for a professional.

scholarly journals A Comparative Evaluation of Nanohydroxyapatite-Enriched Hydrogen Peroxide Home Bleaching System on Color, Hardness and Microstructure of Dental Enamel

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3072
Author(s):  
Riccardo Monterubbianesi ◽  
Vincenzo Tosco ◽  
Tiziano Bellezze ◽  
Giampaolo Giuliani ◽  
Mutlu Özcan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Color Analysis ◽  
Enamel Microstructure ◽  
Prismatic Structure ◽  
20 Nm

This study aimed to evaluate two hydrogen peroxide (HP)-based at-home bleaching systems in order to analyze whether nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) addition may represent a reliable and safe solution for tooth whitening without altering dental microstructure and hardness. Human third molars (N = 15) were treated with two bleaching agents, one containing 6%HP (6HP) and the other 6% HP nHA-enriched (6HP-nHA) with average particle diameter ranging from 5–20 nm. Their effects on enamel were assessed using a spectrophotometer, Vickers microhardness (VMH) test and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), comparing the treated groups with the non-treated control group (CTR). Color analysis revealed improvement in whiteness in both groups compared to CTR. VMH test results showed no differences among the groups. SEM analysis highlighted no evident changes in the enamel microstructure of tested groups compared to CTR. At high magnification, in 6HP group, a slight increase in irregularities of enamel surface morphology was observed, while 6HP-nHA group displayed removal of the aprismatic layer but preservation of the intact prismatic structure. These results suggest that the 6HP-nHA agent may be recommended to provide reliable whitening treatment, without damaging the enamel micromorphology and hardness.

scholarly journals Hard Dental Tissues Regeneration—Approaches and Challenges

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2558
Author(s):  
Mihaela Olaru ◽  
Liliana Sachelarie ◽  
Gabriela Calin
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Tissue Engineering Approach ◽  
Hard Dental Tissues ◽  
Review Reports

With the development of the modern concept of tissue engineering approach and the discovery of the potential of stem cells in dentistry, the regeneration of hard dental tissues has become a reality and a priority of modern dentistry. The present review reports the recent advances on stem-cell based regeneration strategies for hard dental tissues and analyze the feasibility of stem cells and of growth factors in scaffolds-based or scaffold-free approaches in inducing the regeneration of either the whole tooth or only of its component structures.

Nanoscale Characterisation of Salivary Pellicle

2004 ◽  
Vol 841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle E. Dickinson ◽  
Adrian B. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Surface Adhesion ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Oral Physiology ◽  
Salivary Pellicle ◽  
Initial Adsorption ◽  
Dietary Agents

ABSTRACTSalivary pellicle is an organic biofilm formed by the physisorption of proteins and carbohydrates onto the surface of dental enamel exposed to the oral environment. The pellicle has several key roles in oral physiology including lubrication and reduction of friction between teeth during mastication, as well as chemical protection of the enamel against acidic solutions. However, pellicle proteins are known to react with dietary compounds to cause extrinsic staining on the tooth surface.In this study, nanoindentation and AFM have been used in vitro to examine the acquired salivary pellicle formed in vivo on dental enamel. The mechanical properties, growth, structure and morphology of pellicle grown in vivo on human enamel surfaces have been analysed. In addition, the effects of dietary agents such as polyphenols on the pellicle's morphology and properties have been studied.It was found that initial adsorption of proteins on the enamel surface occurred within 30 seconds of exposure to the oral cavity, with full growth achieved within 2 hours. Differences in the properties of the pellicles such as surface adhesion, and time dependent effects due to polyphenol interaction were measured using nanoindentation. It was seen that the polyphenol interaction has a significant effect on these properties. These results suggest that the stained pellicle is mechanically stiffer, but also less viscous and more fluid like. This could explain why traditional tooth brushing techniques do not efficiently remove this layer.

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