scholarly journals The right of prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment to parole from serving a sentence or to replace the unserved part of the sentence with a milder one and ensuring it in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-175
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Chernenko ◽  
Anatoliy Shyyan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Life Imprisonment ◽  
Conditional Release ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
European Court ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Right

The article examines the issues of ensuring the right of convicts to life imprisonment in Ukraine to parole from serving a sentence or replacing the unserved part of the sentence with a milder one. The norms of the Criminal Code, other legislative acts of Ukraine governing this issue, as well as the Regulation on the procedure for pardon approved by decree of the President of Ukraine No. 223/2015 of April 21, 2015 are analyzed. They are compared with international legal acts, in particular, the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 1950, which governs the conditional release of life-sentenced prisoners or replaces the unserved part of the sentence with a milder one, as well as several decisions of the European Court of Human Rights regarding such issues. The inconsistency of Ukrainian legislation, the Regulation on the procedure for pardoning international law and the decisions of the ECHR is shown. Particular attention is paid to the decision of the ECHR in the case of “Roosters v. Ukraine” of March 12, 2019, as well as future decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the Supreme Court, which are currently considering this issue. Considering the provisions expressed by the ECHR in this case, it is concluded that the current mechanism for such exemption does not comply with international standards and this entails the need to consolidate the relevant legal norms in Ukrainian legislation. The problematic aspects of the implementation of such a right are analyzed, some suggestions are made for their solution.

PRAVO NA POŠTOVANjE DOMA U PRAKSI USTAVNOG SUDA REPUBLIKE SRBIJE (UTICAJ PRAKSE EVROPSKOG SUDA ZA LjUDSKA PRAVA)

2021 ◽  
pp. 511-531
Author(s):  
Jelena Čanović ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
European Court ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Republic ◽  
European Standards ◽  
The Right

A special regime for the protection of the right to respect for home is provided with the Article 8 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. With ratification of this Convention, the Republic of Serbia has undertaken the obligation to respect and effectively implement the rights guaranteed by the European Convention as a "minimum European standard". The role of the European Court of Human Rights in defining and determining the scope of basic human rights, so the right to respect for home too, is reflected in its rich practice, which greatly affects national legal systems. Thus, the European Court in its practice has defined the principles and criteria for providing protection of the right to respect for home. To monitor the used instruments for protection of the right to respect for home in the domestic legal order and their harmonization with European standards of protection, it is necessary to analyze the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Serbia, through which is reflected practice of regular courts as well. Considering that in the practice of the highest courts in our country, as well as in the practice of the Constitutional Court, the right to respect for home has been recognized recently, the lack of numerous theoretical discussions and practical analyzes of prominent controversial issues indicates the relevance of this topic about we write about.

Toward a Global Consensus on Life Imprisonment Without Parole: Transnational Legal Advocates and the Zimbabwe Constitutional Court's Decision in Makoni v Commissioner of Prisons

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J Novak
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Equal Protection ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Life Imprisonment ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Global Consensus ◽  
European Court ◽  
Foreign Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Constitutional Jurisprudence

AbstractIn June 2016, the Zimbabwe Constitutional Court held that life imprisonment without the possibility of parole is unconstitutional, finding that it constituted cruel and degrading punishment and a violation of the right to equal protection under the country's new constitution. The court widely cited international and foreign law to assess global trends on life imprisonment, especially the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights. The decision illustrates the benefits for human rights advocates of citing international and foreign law in their pleadings, and is an example of “sharing” constitutional jurisprudence across borders and the diffusion of constitutional norms.

scholarly journals The System of Procedural Principles of Proceedings in Administrative Offenses Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 153-159
Author(s):  
A. R. Nobel
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
European Court ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Procedural Decisions

The paper provides definitions of the principles and system of principles of proceedings in cases of administrative offenses. Based on the norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation and the practice of their application, the author substantiates the position that the principles of proceedings in cases of administrative offenses are, to varying degrees, enshrined in regulatory legal acts constituting legislation on administrative offenses, both directly and indirectly. The system of procedural principles of proceedings in cases of administrative offenses is revealed. The author includes the following principles in this system: open consideration; state language; direct examination of evidence; freedom to evaluate evidence; compulsory consideration of applications; freedom to appeal against procedural decisions; competition and equality of the parties; fair consideration of the case; ensuring the right to defense. The content of these principles having a pronounced procedural nature is formed through a systemic interpretation of the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the European Convention on Human Rights, the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, the case law of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the European Court of Human Rights. The author concludes that, despite the existence of various ways of consolidating the procedural principles of proceedings in cases of administrative offenses, the greatest efficiency of their perception and application will be achieved only when the principles are reflected in a special chapter of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Ustavno i konvencijsko jemstvo prava svojine

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-467
Author(s):  
Hamdija Šarkinović
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Case Law ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Human Right ◽  
European Court ◽  
Fundamental Freedoms ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control

The paper deals with property, which is guaranteed by Article 58 of the Constitution of Montenegro and Article 1 of Protocol No.1 to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The constitutional-law concept of the right to property in Montenegro is broader than the traditional civil law concept, as it includes all real rights, as the European Court under the notion of property, in addition to the usual, includes all acquired rights of a person. The autonomous concept of property and possessions within the meaning of Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms was separately covered, consisting of three rules: principle of peaceful enjoyment of possessions, deprivation of possessions, and control of the use of property. The application of the text of justification of interference with property in the case law of the European Court is explained, which includes the text of legality, the text of a legitimate aim in the general or public interest and the text of proportionality. However, the case law of the ordinary courts in the field of guarantees of property rights, constitutional and convention’s is not harmonized with the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and represents one of the main tasks of the Constitutional Court in the coming period. The Constitutional Court of Montenegro follows the concept of property enshrined in the Constitution and gives the property meaning as the constitutional and convention human right guaranteed by the Constitution, and its inviolability as one of the fundamental values of the constitutional order, although the case law of the Constitutional Court has not fully and always been coherent with the aforementioned principles.

scholarly journals TINDAK PIDANA PENGHINAAN TERHADAP PRESIDEN ATAU WAKIL PRESIDEN: PERLUKAH DIATUR KEMBALI DALAM KUHP? (DEFAMATION AGAINST THE PRESIDENT OR VICE PRESIDENT: SHOULD IT BE REGULATED IN THE CRIMINAL CODE?)

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-234
Author(s):  
Lidya Suryani Widyati
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Vice President ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Right ◽  
Binding Power

Decision of the Constitutional Court No. 013-022/PUU-IV/2006, stated that Article 134, Article 136 bis, and Article 137 of the Criminal Code on the defamation against the President or Vice President do not have binding power or in other are not valid. The Court considered that these Articles may create legal uncertainty, inhibit the right to freedom of expression of mind, spoken, written, and any expression and may also irrelevant to apply in Indonesia which upholds human rights. However, the Criminal Code Bill, of 2015, has re-set (criminalization) the act as a criminal offense that sparing off intense debate. This study does not examine the pros and cons debate on the re-setting issue of defamation against the President or Vice President as criminal offense in the Criminal Code Bill, but examines the issue from the point of criminalization policy. The analysis of the criminalization policy concludes that this crime need not be regulated. It is in contradictory to the Constitution, especially regarding the protection of human rights for every citizen. The explanation of this Article does not clearly state the logic and reason behind the article on defamation against the President or Vice President. AbstrakPutusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 013-022/PUU-IV/2006, menyatakan bahwa Pasal 134, Pasal 136 bis, dan Pasal 137 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) tentang tindak pidana penghinaan terhadap Presiden atau Wakil Presiden tidak lagi mempunyai kekuatan mengikat atau dengan kata lain sudah tidak berlaku lagi. Dalam pertimbangannya, Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) menilai bahwa Pasal-Pasal ini dapat menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum, menghambat hak atas kebebasan menyatakan pikiran, dengan lisan, tulisan, dan ekspresi, dan sudah tidak relevan lagi untuk diterapkan di Indonesia yang menjunjung tinggi hak asasi manusia. Namun, Rancangan Undang-Undang (RUU) KUHP tahun 2015, mengatur kembali perbuatan tersebut sebagai tindak pidana sehingga menimbulkan perdebatan berbagai pihak. Tulisan ini tidak mengkaji mengenai perdebatan pro dan kontra atas dirumuskannya kembali substansi tentang penghinaan terhadap Presiden atau Wakil Presiden dalam RUU KUHP, melainkan mengkajinya dari sudut kebijakan kriminalisasi. Analisis dari kebijakan kriminalisasi menyimpulkan bahwa tindak pidana ini tidak perlu diatur lagi karena bertentangan dengan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 (UUD NRI Tahun 1945), terutama dalam hal jaminan atas Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) bagi setiap warga negara. Penjelasan Pasal RUU KUHP yang merumuskan tindak pidana penghinaan terhadap Presiden atau Wakil Presiden tersebut tidak menyebutkan secara jelas kepentingan apa yang ada di balik pengaturan penghinaan terhadap Presiden atau Wakil Presiden.

CIVIL AND LEGAL LIABILITY OF JUDGES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Skoromnyy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Legal Liability ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Model Code ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

The article presents the conceptual foundations of bringing judges to civil and legal liability. It was found that the civil and legal liability of judges is one of the types of legal liability of judges. It is determined that the legislation of Ukraine provides for a clearly delineated list of the main cases (grounds) for which the state is liable for damages for damage caused to a legal entity and an individual by illegal actions of a judge as a result of the administration of justice. It has been proved that bringing judges to civil and legal liability, in particular on the basis of the right of recourse, provides for the payment of just compensation in accordance with the decision of the European Court of Human Rights. It was established that the bringing of judges to civil and legal liability in Ukraine is regulated by such legislative documents as the Constitution of Ukraine, the Civil Code of Ukraine, the Explanatory Note to the European Charter on the Status of Judges (Model Code), the Law of Ukraine «On the Judicial System and the Status of Judges», the Law of Ukraine «On the procedure for compensation for harm caused to a citizen by illegal actions of bodies carrying out operational-search activities, pre-trial investigation bodies, prosecutors and courts», Decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in the case on the constitutional submission of the Supreme Court of Ukraine regarding the compliance of the Constitution of Ukraine (constitutionality) of certain provisions of Article 2, paragraph two of clause II «Final and transitional provisions» of the Law of Ukraine «On measures to legislatively ensure the reform of the pension system», Article 138 of the Law of Ukraine «On the judicial system and the status of judges» (the case on changes in the conditions for the payment of pensions and monthly living known salaries of judges lagging behind in these), the Law of Ukraine «On the implementation of decisions and the application of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights».

The right to appeal to the European Court of Human Rights

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliya Samovich
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
European Court ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Judicial Procedure ◽  
The Right ◽  
Judicial Protection

The manual is devoted to making individual complaints to the European Court of human rights: peculiarities of realization of the right to appeal, conditions of admissibility and the judicial procedure of the European Court of Human Rights. The author analyses some “autonomous concepts” used in the court's case law and touches upon the possibility of limiting the right to judicial protection. The article deals with the formation and development of the individual's rights to international judicial protection, as well as the protection of human rights in universal quasi-judicial international bodies and regional judicial institutions of the European Union and the Organization of American States. This publication includes a material containing an analysis of recent changes in the legal regulation of the Institute of individual complaints. The manual is recommended for students of educational organizations of higher education, studying in the areas of bachelor's and master's degree “Jurisprudence”.

KEBIJAKAN MODERASI PIDANA MATI

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Mei Susanto ◽  
Ajie Ramdan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Life Imprisonment ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Moderation Model ◽  
The Right

ABSTRAKPutusan Nomor 2-3/PUU-V/2007 selain menjadi dasar konstitusionalitas pidana mati, juga memberikan jalan tengah (moderasi) terhadap perdebatan antara kelompok yang ingin mempertahankan (retensionis) dan yang ingin menghapus (abolisionis) pidana mati. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kebijakan moderasi pidana mati dalam putusan a quo dikaitkan dengan teori pemidanaan dan hak asasi manusia dan bagaimana kebijakan moderasi pidana mati dalam RKUHP tahun 2015 dikaitkan dengan putusan a quo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian doktrinal, dengan menggunakan bahan hukum primer dan sekunder, berupa peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur, dan hasil-hasil penelitian yang relevan dengan objek penelitian. Penelitian menyimpulkan, pertama, putusan a quo yang memuat kebijakan moderasi pidana mati telah sesuai dengan teori pemidanaan khususnya teori integratif dan teori hak asasi manusia di Indonesia di mana hak hidup tetap dibatasi oleh kewajiban asasi yang diatur dengan undang-undang. Kedua, model kebijakan moderasi pidana mati dalam RKUHP tahun 2015 beberapa di antaranya telah mengakomodasi amanat putusan a quo, seperti penentuan pidana mati di luar pidana pokok, penundaan pidana mati, kemungkinan pengubahan pidana mati menjadi pidana seumur hidup atau penjara paling lama 20 tahun. Selain itu masih menimbulkan persoalan berkaitan dengan lembaga yang memberikan pengubahan pidana mati, persoalan grasi, lamanya penundaan pelaksanaan pidana mati, dan jenis pidana apa saja yang dapat diancamkan pidana mati.Kata kunci: kebijakan, KUHP, moderasi, pidana mati. ABSTRACTConstitutional Court’s Decision Number 2-3/PUU-V/2007, in addition to being the basis of the constitutionality of capital punishment, also provides a moderate way of arguing between retentionist groups and those wishing to abolish the death penalty (abolitionist). The problem in this research is how the moderation policy of capital punishment in aquo decision is associated with the theory of punishment and human rights and how the moderation policy of capital punishment in the draft Criminal Code of 2015 (RKUHP) is related with the a quo decision. This study is doctrinal, using primary and secondary legal materials, in the form of legislation, literature and research results that are relevant to the object of analysis. This study concludes, firstly, the aquo decision containing the moderation policy of capital punishment has been in accordance with the theory of punishment, specificallyy the integrative theory and the theory of human rights in Indonesia, in which the right to life remains limited by the fundamental obligations set forth in the law. Secondly, some of the modes of moderation model of capital punishment in RKUHP of 2015 have accommodated the mandate of aquo decision, such as the determination of capital punishment outside the main punishment, postponement of capital punishment, the possibility of converting capital punishment to life imprisonment or imprisonment of 20 years. In addition, it still raises issues regarding the institutions that provide for conversion of capital punishment, pardon matters, length of delay in the execution of capital punishment, and any types of crime punishable by capital punishment. Keywords: policy, criminal code, moderation, capital punishment.

Battles Over Symbols: The “Religion” of the Minority Versus the “Culture” of the Majority

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori G. Beaman
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Religious Symbol ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
European Tradition ◽  
European Court ◽  
Fundamental Freedoms ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Grand Chamber ◽  
The Right

Moreover, with the benefit of hindsight, it is easy to identify in the constant central core of Christian faith, despite the inquisition, despite anti-Semitism and despite the crusades, the principles of human dignity, tolerance and freedom, including religious freedom, and therefore, in the last analysis, the foundations of the secular State.A European court should not be called upon to bankrupt centuries of European tradition. No court, certainly not this Court, should rob the Italians of part of their cultural personality.In March, 2011, after five years of working its way through various levels of national and European courts, the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights decided that a crucifix hanging at the front of a classroom did not violate the right to religious freedom under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Specifically, Ms. Soile Lautsi had complained that the presence of the crucifix violated her and her children's right to religious freedom and that its presence amounted to an enforced religious regime. The Grand Chamber, reversing the lower Chamber's decision, held that while admittedly a religious symbol, the crucifix also represented the cultural heritage of Italians.

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