Minimum Requirements of n-3 and n-6 Essential Fatty Acids for the Function of the Central Nervous System and for the Prevention of Chronic Disease

1992 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Okuyama
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Case 25

2020 ◽  
pp. 163-170
Author(s):  
Andrew Woodhouse
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Great Burden

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic trematode infection. Depending on the species of fluke, gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract disease develops with occasional involvement of other organs including the central nervous system. The great burden of chronic disease is in endemic countries but travellers can become infected through exposure to contaminated water in lakes and rivers. An acute symptomatic infection is sometimes seen and needs to be considered in the appropriate clinical context in travellers returning from the tropics.

scholarly journals Omega – 3 fatty acids in schizophrenia – part I: importance in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-213
Author(s):  
Joanna Róg ◽  
Hanna Karakuła-Juchnowicz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
David Horrobin ◽  
The Brain

AbstractDespite the increasing offer of antipsychotic drugs, the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy in schizophrenia is still unsatisfactory. Drug resistance, lack of complete remission and the increasing risk of metabolic complications are the reasons why the new forms of therapy in schizophrenia among which unsaturated essential fatty acids omega 3 (EFAs ω-3) affecting the proper functioning of nervous system, are mentioned, are being looked for.Fatty acids represent 50-60% of the dry weight of the brain and diet is one of the factors that influence the value of each of the fat fractions in the neuron membranes. Patients with schizophrenia tend to have irregular nutritional status concerning essential fatty acids ω-3, which might result from metabolic disorders or irregular consumption of fatty acids.Apart from being a review of the literature on this subject, this very paper characterizes essential fatty acids ω-3, their metabolism, the most important sources in the diet and the opinions of experts in the field about the recommended intake. It pays attention to the role of essential fatty acids in both the structure and functioning of the central nervous system is, as well as their role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, with particular emphasis on the membrane concept by David Horrobin. The assessment of the errors in consumption and metabolism of essential fatty acids are described as well.The evidence was found both in epidemiological and modeling studies. It supports the participation of EFAs in etiopathogenesis and pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Further research is needed, both observational and interventional, as to the role of essential fatty acids ω-3 in the functioning of the CNS as well as the development and course of schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Proceedings of the Sleep and Epilepsy Workgroup: Section 2 Comorbidities: Sleep Related Comorbidities of Epilepsy

2021 ◽  
pp. 153575972110045
Author(s):  
Milena K. Pavlova ◽  
Marcus Ng ◽  
Rebecca M. Allen ◽  
Melanie Boly ◽  
Sanjeev Kothare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Sleep Medicine ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Treatment Priorities

Epilepsy is a chronic disease with multiple, complex comorbidities. Bidirectional relationships exist among seizures, sleep, circadian rhythms, and diseases within and outside of the central nervous system. Seizures fragment sleep and can contribute to development of sleep disorders, which in turn leads to worse overall health and more seizures. Moreover, treatment options are often limited by interactions with anti-seizure medications. Advances in the fields of epilepsy and in sleep medicine have been made separately, and therefore treating patients with these comorbidities necessitates interdisciplinary approach. The focus of this section of the Sleep and Epilepsy Workgroup was to identify methods of collaboration and outline investigational, educational, and treatment priorities to mutually advance what we consider a combined field.

scholarly journals Biological Chemistry in Intermediate Lipid Metabolism Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2647-2651
Author(s):  
Alina Plesea Condratovici ◽  
Alina Mihaela Elisei ◽  
Decebal Vasincu ◽  
Iulian Dan Cuciureanu ◽  
Aurel Nechita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Any pathological process is accompanied by quantitative and qualitative changes in metabolism, which is the main form of life manifestation. Metabolism disorders (it is the permanent exchange of substances between the body and the environment) arise if the activity of the central nervous system is affected; the trophic function of the nervous system directs nutrition and metabolism. In this function, the coordinating role belongs to the central nervous system and is made by means of the endocrine glands. Lipids introduced into the body are digested mainly with the help of the pancreatic and intestinal juice and are resorbed through the walls of the small intestine. Even in the intestinal wall, the re-synthesis of fatty acids and glycerine fat occurs. A certain amount of neutral fat is probably resorbed without being split into fatty acids and glycerine. Fats are mainly resorbed through the lymphatic system, in part (about 30%) by means of the portal vein system; the entire fat emulsion penetrates into the blood and its main mass is deposited in certain fat deposits: the adipose subcutaneous cell tissue, the epiploon and the mesenterium of the abdominal cavity, as well as in the fatty layers of the various organs. In fat deposits, processes of lipid formation from carbohydrates and of transformation of higher fatty acids can occur. Lipids from fat deposits are subject to oxidation, especially at the liver level.

scholarly journals A biophysical study on molecular physiology of the uncoupling proteins of the central nervous system

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan Hoang ◽  
Miljan Kuljanin ◽  
Matthew D. Smith ◽  
Masoud Jelokhani-Niaraki
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Recombinant Protein Expression ◽  
Uncoupling Proteins ◽  
Molecular Physiology ◽  
Biophysical Study ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Self Association

Uncoupling proteins (UCP)2, UCP4 and UCP5 transport protons across the inner membrane of mitochondria in the central nervous system (CNS). Novel recombinant protein expression allowed expression of UCPs in Escherichia coli membranes. Functional neuronal UCPs formed multimers in membranes and interacted with various fatty acids (FAs) to transport protons. Self-association and unique ion transport properties of UCPs distinguish their physiological roles in the CNS.

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