scholarly journals KOMBINASI WAKTU DEFOLIASI ENTRES DAN MODEL SAMBUNG PUCUK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT CACAO (Theobroma cacao, L)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
ROSMAITI ROSMAITI ◽  
IWAN SAPUTRA
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Environmental Design ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Treatment Design

Abstract   The aim of the study was to get the interaction between the time of entries defoliation and shoot grafting model that gave the best Cacao seedling growth. The treatment design consists of two factors, namely the defoliation time of the entries and the top graft model. The time of entries defoliation consists of 4 defoliation times, entres defoliation at the connection (W1), entres defoliation 3 days before connection (W2), entres defoliation 6 days before connection (W3), and entres defoliation 9 days before connection (W4). The connection factor model is tested by two connection models, namely, connecting gap (S1), and diagonal connection (S2). The environmental design used is a randomized block design in factorial patterns. Parameters of cacao seedling growth observed were the percentage of live seedlings (%), time of shoot buds (days), shoot length (cm), shoot diameter (cm), and a number of leaf buds (strands). The results of this research are that there is no interaction between the treatment combination of all observed parameters. The best time for defoliation is 9 days before connection. The defoliation model used shows different results that are not real.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Kompos dan Mikoriza Terhadap Perubahan Sifat Kimia Tanah dan Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao ( Theobroma cacao. L)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
Vina Utami ◽  
Ilyas Ilyas ◽  
Munawar Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Glomus Sp

Abstrak. Pemberian kompos dan mikoriza merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit kakao dan dapat memperbaiki sifat kimia tanah.  Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial yang terdiri atas dua faktor ( kompos dan  jenis mikoriza) dengan pola 3 x 3 dan tiga kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor tunggal kompos berpengaruh nyata terhadap N-total dan tinggi tanaman namun tidak nyata terhadap pH, C- organik, P- tersedia, Kdd, KTK, diameter batang dan luas daun. Perlakuan mikoriza secara tunggal  serta kombinasi antara kompos dan mikoriza tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap sifat kimia tanah dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Perlakuan terbaik yaitu 30 g kompos dan 10 g jenis mikoriza Glomus sp + Giga spora. The Effect of  Compost and Mycorrhizal on Changes in  Soil Chemical Properties and Growth of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)Abstract. Provision of compost and mycorrhizae is one alternative to increase the growth of cacao seedlings and can improve soil chemical properties. This study used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of two factors (compost and mycorrhizal type) with a 3 x 3 pattern and three replications. The results of this study indicate that the single compost factor had a significant effect on total N and plant height but was not significant for pH, organic matter, P-available, Kdd, CEC, stem diameter and leaf area. Single mycorrhizal treatment and the combination of compost and mycorrhizae did not significantly affect soil chemistry and plant growth. The best treatments were 30 g of compost and 10 g of mycorrhizal Glomus sp + Giga spore

scholarly journals Pengaruh Jenis Pelarut dan Waktu Maserasi terhadap Ekstrak Kulit Biji Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) sebagai Sumber Antioksidan

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
I Wayan Gde Angga Prasetya ◽  
G.P. Ganda Putra ◽  
Luh Putu Wrasiati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Variant Analysis ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Cocoa bean husk is a waste of cocoa processing that is large enough and has not been used optimally. Cocoa bean husk waste can be used more optimally by extracting polyphenol compound and used as natural antioxidant. This research aims to determine the effect of the type of solvent and maceration time of cocoa bean husk extract as a source of antioxidants and to determine the best type of solvent and maceration time to produce cocoa bean husk extract as a source of antioxidants. This experiment uses a randomized block design with two factors. The first factor is the type of solvent consisting of methanol 95 percent, ethanol 96 percent and acetone 90 percent. The second factor is the maceration time consisting of 24, 36 and 48 hours. The data is analyzed by variant analysis and continued with the Tukey test. The results showed that the type of solvent and maceration time is a very significant effect on yield, total phenolic and antioxidant capacity. The interaction between treatment is a very significant effect on total phenolic and antioxidant capacity but did not significantly affect the yield of cocoa bean husk extract. The best treatment to produce cocoa bean husk extract as a source of antioxidants is using ethanol solvent and maceration time for 48 hours with a yield characteristic 11.72±0.45 percent, a total phenolic at 80.76±1.12 mg of GAE/g and Antioxidant capacity 49.55±1.13 mg GAEAC/g. Keywords : cocoa bean husk, extraction, solvent, antioxidants.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Varietas Dan Dosis Pupuk Npk Terhadap Produksi Jagung( Zea Mays L. )

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Meiyana Hikmawati
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

The objectives of this research is Application of variety and NPK fertilizer dosage on the yield of corn (Zea mays L). The method of the research use factorial design based on the Randomized Block Design with two factors of treatment. The first factor was variety : (V1) Pioner, (V2) NK 33, (V3) Pertiwi and second factor was NPK fertilizer dosage : (P0) without fertilizer, (P1) NPK fertilizer dosage 50 g/plot, (P2) NPK fertilizer dosage 100 g/plot, (P3) NPK fertilizer dosage 150 g/plot and each kombination of treatment three times replicated.The result of the research : (1) There was interaction between variety and NPK fertilizer dosage on the parameters of the weight of dry cob per plant . (2) The highest yield was treatment (V3) Pertiwi and (P3) NPK fertilizer dosage 150 g/plotfor all parameters. (3) The highest  yield was treatment combination V3 P3 (variety pioner and NPK fertilizer dosage 150 g/plot) providing the best harvest.

scholarly journals Starch Catabolism Revealed during Secondary Metabolite Released Under Vascular Streak Dieback Infections in Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L)

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teguh Iman Santoso ◽  
M. Miftahudin ◽  
Yohana C Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Suryo Wiyono ◽  
Fakhrusy Zakariyya
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Resistant Clone ◽  
Late Infection ◽  
Pathogen Infection ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Susceptible Clone ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

This study aimed to study the profile of starch content in cocoa leaf and phytoalexin production based on GC-MS analysis at several stages of VSD pathogen infection. Research was conducted on January – October 2015 at Kaliwining Experimental Field, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Jember, East Java. The research was designed based on a Completely Randomized Block Design with two factors with three replications. The first factor was clone, i.e. the resistant clone (Scavina 6) and susceptible (TSH 858) to VSD infection. The second factor was the level of O. theobromae infection, i.e. pre-infection, early infection, and late infection. Starch catabolism revealed during Vascular Streak Dieback infections in Cacao. Starch content in Sca 6 (resistant clone) in late infection decreased 24,33 % than healthy condition (no infection), however, starch content in TSH 858 (succeptible clone) in late infection decreased only 9,63 % than healthy condition (no infection). This indicated that starch catabolism rate on resistant clone was higher than susceptible clone. Some secondary metabolites releases under Vascular Streak Dieback i.e. I-limonene, eugenol and coumaran. Scavina 6 (resistant clone) had higher concentration of eugenol and coumaran than TSH 858 (susceptible clone). I-limonene compound, TSH 858 (Susceptible clone) had higher concentration than Scavina 6. I-Limonene concentration increased in lined with the severity of pathogen infection. There were an negative correlation between starch content with contentration of I-limonene (R= - 0,74), concentration of Eugenol (R= - 0,44), and contentration of Coumaran.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk Dan Pembumbunan Terhadap Produksi Jagung( Zea mays L. )

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Meiyana Hikmawati
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Wet Weight

The objectives of this research is the effect of fertilizer dosag and embedding on the yield of corn (Zea mays L). The method of the research use factorial design based on the Randomized Block Design with two factors of treatment. The first factor was fertilizer dosag (without fertilizer (P0), fertilizer dosag 250 kg/ha (P1), fertilizer dosag 500kg/ha (P2)) and second factor was embedding (one time embedding at age 3 week (B1), two time embedding at age 3 and 6 week (B2), three time embedding at age 3, 6 and 9 week (B3)) and each kombination of treatment three times replicated. The result of the research : (1) There was interaction between fertilizer dosag and embedding for parameters  100 seeds wet weight and dry weight of 100 seeds. (2) The highest yield was treatment combination P2B3 (fertilizer dosag 500kg/ha and three time embedding at age 3, 6 and 9 week) for parameters  100 seeds wet weight and dry weight of 100 seeds .(3) The highest yield treatment fertilizer dosag treatment P2 500kg/ha and  embedding treatment B3 two time embedding at age 3 and 6 week.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Ekstrak Kulit Biji Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) sebagai Sumber Antioksidan pada Perlakuan Suhu dan Waktu Maserasi

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Meia Dewi ◽  
G.P. Ganda Putra ◽  
Luh Putu Wrasiati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Polyphenol Compounds ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Cocoa bean husk is a waste of cocoa processing that is large enough and has not been used optimally. Cocoa bean husk can be used as a natural antioxidant by extracting the polyphenol compounds. This research aim to find out the effect of temperature and maceration time on the of cocoa bean husk extracts as a source of antioxidants and to determine the best temperature and time of maceration to produce cocoa bean husk extract as a source of antioxidants. This experiment used a factorial randomized block design with two factors. The first factor was maceration temperature consisting of 30±2?C, 40±2?C, dan 50±2?C. The second factor was maceration time consisting of 24, 36 and 48 hours. The data was analysed by analysis of variant and continued with the Tukey test. The results showed that maceration temperature had a very significant effect, while maceration time had a significant effect on yield, total phenolic, and antioxidant capacity. whereas the interaction between treatments had no significant effect on yield, total phenolic, and antioxidant capacity. The best treatment to produce cocoa bean husk extract as a source of antioxidants is to use a maceration temperature of 50±2?C and a maceration time of 48 hours with a yield characteristic of 2,77 percent, a total phenolic value of 72,35 mg GAE / g, and a capacity antioxidants amounting to 17,45 mg GAEAC / g, Keywords : cocoa bean husk, extraction, polyphenol, antioxidant.

scholarly journals Kajian Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Varietas Jagung Lokal Dan Kacang Hijau Dalam Sistem Tumpangsari

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Febby Polnaya ◽  
J.E Patty
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Multiple Cropping ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Effect On Yield

The objective of  this research was to determine appropriate variety combinations maize and mungbeans in multiple cropping system and the effect on yield, and also to determine Land Equivalency Ratio in the multiple cropping system. The experiment was conducted in Paso Village, Ambon City. A Randomized Block Design was used with two factors The first factor was maize variety consisting of 3 varieties: BISI-2 hybrid (J1), local variety with purple seeds (J2) and local variety with white seeds (J3). The second factor was mungbean variety, consisting of 3 varieties:  Murai variety (K1), local variety with red seeds (J2) and local variety with matt seeds (J3). Each treatment had three replicates and 6 monocultures were added as control.  Results of the experiment showed that maize variety and mungbeans variety affected significantly on growth and crop yield.  BISI-2 maize produced  highest seed number per row, 100 seed weight and seed weight per plot, and pod number per plant.  J1K1 treatment combination gave highest seed weight per hectare, i.e. 7,63 ton of maize and  0.73 ton/ha of mungbean seeds.  There was a significant effect of the interaction on Land Equivalency Ratio, and the highest value (4.07) was found in the treatment combination of J1K1

scholarly journals Studies on effect of liquid bio-fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer on yield and quality of Sapota [Manilkara achras (Mill.) Foresberg.] Cv. Kallipatti

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
T. D. Bhongale ◽  
A.M. Bhosale ◽  
S. J. Syed
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with two factors; these factors consist of four and three levels respectively, twelve treatment combination and three replications. Among the different treatment combinationthe treatment T10-N1B3 (125%NPK + Azotobacter + PSB ) application of Azotobacter and PSB with 125% dose of fertilizer reported that the highest number of fruits per tree (1415.62), Yield per tree (105.02 kg), yield per hectare (108.38), Weight of fruit (g)(86.50), TSS (%), Acidity (0.18), Reducing sugar (15.00%) and Non-reducing sugar (5.63%) of sapota were recorded highest with the application of 125% RDF+ Azotobacter (100ml) + PSB (100ml). The treatment N1B3 with application of 125% NPK combined with Azotobacter (100ml) and PSB (100ml) significant than the other treatments.

scholarly journals Pengaruh sumber dan lama simpan batang atas terhapa pertumbuhan hasil grafting tanaman durian

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/6254 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-205
Author(s):  
Suharjo Thalib
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Secondary Branch ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Tertiary Branch ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Duration Of Storage ◽  
Two Factors

Pertumbuhan bibit setelah penyambungan dipengaruhi oleh sumber batang atas yang digunakan. Selama ini penggunaan batang atas sebagai bahan grafting masih besifat umum yaitu penggunaan sumber batang atas belum spesifik berasal dari cabang tertentu sehingga belum jelas sumber batang atas yang dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan sambungan. Penelitian ini ingin mengkaji keberhasilan penyambungan dengan menggunakan entres dari berbagai cabang dan lama penyimpanannya. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama menggunakan berbagai jenis sumber cabang (primer, sekunder, tersier). Perlakuan kedua yaitu lamanya waktu penyimpanan cabang (0 hari, 2 hari, 4 hari, 6 hari). Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi sumber dan lama penyimpanan batang atas tidak mempengaruhi jumlah tunas, panjang tunas, diameter tunas dan luas daun total tanaman durian hasil grafting. Sumber batang hanya mempengaruhi diameter batang saja.AbstractSeedling growth after grafting is effected by the source of the upper stem. Currently, the stem used as grafting material is not in particular source and part of the branch, so it is unclear to determine the success of this activity. This study wanted to examine the success of the interaction between entres upper stem from various branches and the duration of storage. The study used factorial randomized block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was various types of branch sources (primary branch, secondary branch, tertiary branch). The second factor was the storage time periode (0 day, 2 days, 4 days, 6 days). The results showed that the interaction of the branch source and duration of storage of the upper stem did not affect the number of shoots, shoot length, shoot diameter and total leaf area of durian grafting plants. The source of the stem only affected the diameter of the stem. 

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) pada Berbagai Jenis Klon dan Jenis Pupuk Kandang

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Leni Sri Widyastuti ◽  
Yonathan Parapasan ◽  
Made Same
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Several factors that affect production of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.), one of which is the quality of seedlings. The quality of seedlings is affected by the type of clones and the composition of the planting media. This study aims to obtain the influence of clone types and types of manure, as well as the interaction between clone types and types of manure on the growth of cocoa seedlings. The study was conducted in the field of practices and Laboratory of the State Polytechnic of Lampung, in January to June 2017. The method used was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) factorial pattern consisting of two factors. The first factor is the type of clone consisting of three levels, namely K1 = TSH clone 858, K2 = ICS 60, and K3 = TSH 908. The second factor consists of four levels namely P0 = Control, P1 = Chicken Manure, P2 = Cow Manure , and P3 = Goat Manure. The results showed that the use of TSH 858, ICS 60, and TSH 908 clones had the same effect on all observed variables. However, the use of manure has a significant effect on each variable, but the amount of leaf chlorophyll is relatively the same between clone types and types of manure, there are interactions between clone types and types of manure.

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