Synanthropization of forest and shrub florocomplexes of the Middle Cis-Dnipro Region (Ukraine)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-278
Author(s):  
M Fedoronchuk ◽  
V Protopopova ◽  
M Shevera ◽  
V Shevchyk ◽  
V Dzhuran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Anthropogenic Influences ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Degree Of Naturalization ◽  
Impatiens Parviflora ◽  
Characteristic Species ◽  
High Degree

The information about the modern state synanthropization of forest and schrub floristic complexes of the Middle Cis-Dnipro Region (Ukraine) is generalized. The studies complexes recently have been significantly affected by anthropogenic influences and its consequences have led to a change in their floristic composition. The synanthropic fraction of the flora of studies floristic complexes is represent by 262 species of vascular plants, incl. 100 apophytes and 162 aliens. The results of fractional and structural analysis is presented. In the apophytic fraction, the largest number of species belongs to the families Asteraceae (23 species) and Caryophyllaceae (15); in this group are prevail: in the life forms spectra (according to K. Raunkier) – hemicryptophytes (52 sp.); in the hydromorphes spectra – xeromesophytes (36) and meso-xerophytes (32); according to the degree of adaptation of species to transformed ecotops – evapophytes (41) and hemiapophytes (38); by coenotic peculiarity – meadow (35). In the alien fraction, the largest number of species belong to the families Asteraceae (25) and Rosaceae (15); in this group are dominated by: species of North American (44) and Mediterranean (37) origin; according to the degree of naturalization – epoecophytes (64); in the life forms spectra – therophytes (54); in the hydromorphes spectra – mesophytes (75) and xeromesophytes (67). Annotation list of synanthropic fraction species, as well as apophytic and alien, is presented. A separate list of species of the forest and schrub complexes (46), which are able to extend to the transformed ecotopes outside the forest coenoses is presented. The predominance of adventization process over apophytization indicates a significant disruption of the structure of many plant communities. In the alien fraction a high percentage of species tree is observated. The most species as well as of apophytic and alien fractions of the studies complexes in the Region are characterized by high degree of naturalization and active and mass distribution. Some alien species, e.g. Amorpha fruticose, Acer negundo, and Impatiens parviflora etc. in the Region are transformer species, e.g., A. fruticosa is a characteristic species of F1.11 and G 1.112 biotopes; A. negundo dominates in coenosis of G1.35 biotope and formed of plant community in І4.111 and І4.12 biotopes, Impatiens parviflora – in G3.11 and G3.12 biotopes.

scholarly journals Species of the genus Epilobium (Onagraceae) in plant communities in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-22
Author(s):  
M.M. Fedoronchuk ◽  
◽  
N.B. Klimovych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Vegetation Development ◽  
Characteristic Species ◽  
New Habitats ◽  
Class E

To assess the coenotic peculiarities of species of the genus Epilobium (Onagraceae), in particular their coenotic amplitudes in the syntaxa of vegetation of Ukraine, 986 relevés from literature sources were analyzed. The names of syntaxa are provided in accordance with the Prodromus of the vegetation of Ukraine. Species of the genus Epilobium are widely represented in many plant communities and participate in the formation of natural, semi-natural and ruderal coenoses, where they are often diagnostic or characteristic species of associations, alliances, orders and classes of vegetation, or only present in their floristic composition. Epilobium species are present in 28 classes, which is evidence of their broad coenotic amplitudes and representation in different vegetation types: wetland, grassland, halophytic, forest, shrubs, chasmophytic, alpine, and anthropogenic (synanthropic). The widest coenotic amplitudes were revealed in such species as: E. hirsutum, E. palustre, E. angustifolium, E. parviflorum, E. tetragonum, E. montanum, E. alsinifolium, and E. collinum. According to the range of coenotic amplitude, all species can be subdivided into three groups: hemistenotopic, which occur within one class (E. adenocaulon, E. dodonaei, E. lamyi, E. nutans), hemi-eurytopic (within two or three classes) – E. alpestre, E. roseum, and eurytopic (within more than three classes) – E. alsinifolium, E. angustifolium, E. collinum, E. hirsutum, E. montanum, E. palustre, E. parviflorum, E. tetragonum. As for participation of species in the coenosis, the vast majority of them are assectators, and only a small portion can be temporary edificators (in some groups, at certain successive stages of vegetation development: E. angustifolium). Plants of Epilobium species can reproduce rapidly, both vegetatively and by seeds, which promotes their active colonization of new habitats. However, they usually do not tolerate increased shading and coenotic competition with other plant species, so their strategy is mainly ruderal.

Alpine lichen-dominated communities in Alberta and the Yukon

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (20) ◽  
pp. 2148-2170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne G. See ◽  
L. C. Bliss
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Reciprocal Averaging ◽  
Floristic Similarity ◽  
North Central

Alpine lichen-dominated vegetation is described with emphasis upon floristic composition, quantitative structure, and distribution of lichen communities. Macrolichens and vascular plants were quantitatively sampled using stratified random quadrats (10 cm × 40 cm) in 40 stands (30 m × 5 m) in west-central Alberta and north central Yukon Territory. Comparable acid and basic substrates, and glaciated and unglaciated sites were sampled in each region. Bray-Curtis and reciprocal averaging ordinations were used to analyze vegetation data. For both macrolichens and vascular plants, floristic similarity is greater within each region than on equivalent substrates in different regions. Three alpine macrolichen communities are described in each region which exhibit pronounced regional differences. Cetraria tilesii and Thamnolia subuliformis characterize driest sites in both regions, while Cetraria cucullata indicates mesic habitats. Cladonia spp. dominate acidic Yukon sites; Stereocaulon alpinum and Peltigera aphthosa characterize equivalent Alberta habitats. Vascular plant communities are dominated by Dryas integrifolia and D. octopetala in Alberta and Yukon areas, respectively, with dwarf willow and heath in acidic, mesic sites. Distribution of alpine communities of macrolichens and corresponding vascular plants is more strongly correlated with substate pH and moisture, than with glaciation history. Comparison with other northern studies suggests that these macrolichen communities may be found throughout the Canadian Cordillera where equivalent habitats are present.

scholarly journals Interstitial Annelida

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Katrine Worsaae ◽  
Alexandra Kerbl ◽  
Maikon Di Domenico ◽  
Brett C. Gonzalez ◽  
Nicolas Bekkouche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Ciliary Locomotion

Members of the following marine annelid families are found almost exclusively in the interstitial environment and are highly adapted to move between sand grains, relying mostly on ciliary locomotion: Apharyngtidae n. fam., Dinophilidae, Diurodrilidae, Nerillidae, Lobatocerebridae, Parergodrilidae, Polygordiidae, Protodrilidae, Protodriloididae, Psammodrilidae and Saccocirridae. This article provides a review of the evolution, systematics, and diversity of these families, with the exception of Parergodrilidae, which was detailed in the review of Orbiniida by Meca, Zhadan, and Struck within this Special Issue. While several of the discussed families have previously only been known by a few described species, recent surveys inclusive of molecular approaches have increased the number of species, showing that all of the aforementioned families exhibit a high degree of cryptic diversity shadowed by a limited number of recognizable morphological traits. This is a challenge for studies of the evolution, taxonomy, and diversity of interstitial families as well as for their identification and incorporation into ecological surveys. By compiling a comprehensive and updated review on these interstitial families, we hope to promote new studies on their intriguing evolutionary histories, adapted life forms and high and hidden diversity.

scholarly journals Ecologyсal-taxonomic structure of wood and shower plants of industrial pads of PJSC «Central Iron Ore Enrichment Works»

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
E. O. Yevtushenko ◽  
Y. V. Pozdnii ◽  
I. O. Komarova ◽  
L. H. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Satisfactory Condition ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
Field Investigations

The article is devoted to shrubs and plant groups in the territory of the industrial sites of PJSC «Central Mining and Processing Plant».  The material of this work was collected in the growing season 2017-2018 years on the territory of the central industrial site and industrial sites №2 Gleuvatsky Quarry, the Giant mine, Artemivsky Quarry, Petrovsky Quarry, mine them.  Ordzhonikidze, sludge workshops, which are separated in space and placed at a certain distance from each other separated in kind. The studied tree and shrub communities were formed with the participation and maintained by the person in a satisfactory condition.  In the course of itinerant field investigations the species belonging to trees and shrubs were determined. In the future, on the basis of the ecomorphic characteristics of the species, comparative ecological-taxonomic spectra of tree-shrub plant communities of industrial sites were constructed. As a result of researches it was found out that the tree-shrub groupings of the industrial sites of PJSC «TSGZK» consist of 96 species of higher plants belonging to 28 families.  Gymnosperms account for a small fraction of taxonomic spectra.  Within the sites there is considerable variability in the number of species and families.  The most numerous are the families Rosaceae, Salicaceae, Aceraceae.  Families of Aceraceae, Rosaceae, Fabaceae, Hippocastanaceae, Oleaceae, Salicaceae, Ulmaceae, Pinaceae are represented by species at all industrial sites of PJSC «CMPP».  Only within the Ordzhonikidze mine site are species of the Berberidaceae, Paeoniaceae family occurring, and within the Gleevatsky Quarry site, there are Cannabaceae families.  In the taxonomic spectra of plant communities of all sites, the dominant position is occupied by the family Rosaceae.  Monovid families occupy half or more of the taxonomic spectra.  By reducing the number of species, families, share of species participation in shrubs and shrubs, the corresponding declines can be constructed.  The same series can characterize tree-shrub plant groups by the density of species of trees, shrubs, individuals per unit area. According to the ecological and biomorphic characteristics of the species, the corresponding spectra of bio- and ecomorphs are constructed.  Ecological spectra are individual in proportion to the participation of certain ecomorphs for each shrub community of the site.  Rows of decreasing species numbers are constructed for each ecomorph.  It is established that in tree and shrub plant groups of all industrial sites of PJSC «CMPP» wood life forms with root-root system dominate, vegetatively motionless.  In the spectra of ecomorphs, the most numerous are solvants, phanerophytes, mesotrophs, entomophiles.  In the spectra of hygro-, heliomorph and diasporax, the composition of dominant ecomorphs changes at the industrial sites.

scholarly journals Composição florística da regeneração de um trecho de savana na Amazônia Oriental

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2777
Author(s):  
Ana Caroline De Souza Campos ◽  
Mário Augusto Gonçalves Jardim
Keyword(s):  
Life Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
First Record ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Extensive Degradation ◽  
The City ◽  
Traditional Communities

O objetivo da pesquisa foi conhecer a composição florística da regeneração natural de um trecho de savana amazônica no estado do Pará. O estudo foi realizado em uma savana na localidade de Itapuá, município de Vigia de Nazaré, Pará a 93 km da cidade de Belém. A coleta de dados ocorreu mensalmente no período de setembro de 2019 a fevereiro de 2020 em 80 subparcelas de 1 x 1m alocadas aleatoriamente correspondente a 480 subparcelas em um total de 480 m2. Em cada subparcela foram identificadas e quantificadas todas as espécies com altura ≤ 1 m. A identificação botânica in loco foi realizada por um parabotânico do Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi (MPEG. A organização das famílias foi de acordo com APG IV e caracterizada em família, gênero, espécie e forma de vida e calculada a média aritmética e desvio padrão com auxílio do Programa Bioestat 5.0. Foram registradas 36 famílias, 73 gêneros e 99 espécies. Fabaceae (14), Poaceae (13), Cyperaceae (9), Myrtaceae (7) e Dilleniaceae (6) foram representativas em número de espécies. Paspalum registrou o maior número de espécies (5) seguido por Chamaecrista, Myrcia  e Scleria (4) e Axonopus, Borreria, Byrsonima, Davilla, Doliocarpus, Eriosema, Eugenia, Miconia, Ouratea, Polygala e Rhynchospora (2). A forma de vida dominante foi de Erva com 40 espécies, Arbusto (21) e Árvore (20). A savana de Itapuá apresentou riqueza de 99 espécies, 36 famílias e 73 gêneros estando acima que outras savanas amazônicas cujas espécies estiveram distribuídas nas famílias Fabaceae, Poaceae e Cyperaceae. O gênero Paspalum com o maior número de espécies juntamente com outras caracterizou a forma herbácea como a dominante. Este foi o primeiro registro de espécies regenerantes e suas formas de vida em uma savana amazônica. Com base nesses conhecimentos, outras iniciativas devem ser buscadas para outras manchas de savanas visando mostrar a importância da conservação destes ambientes que ultimamente vem sofrendo ampla degradação na Amazônia.  Floristic composition of the regeneration of a stretch of savanna in the Eastern Amazon A B S T R A C TThe savannas are Amazonian and represent an ecological potential for use in several aspects, especially for traditional communities, however, they are suffering forest, environmental and human losses.The objective of the research was to know the floristic composition of the natural regeneration of a stretch of Amazonian savanna in the state of Pará. The study was carried out in the savanna of Itapuá, municipality of Vigia de Nazaré, Pará wich 93 km from the city of Belém. Data collection occurred monthly from September 2019 to February 2020 in 80 1 x 1m subplots randomly allocated corresponding to 480 subplots and a total of 480 m2. In each subplot, all species with height ≤ 1 m were identified and quantified. The botanical identification in loco was carried out by a parabotan from the Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi (MPEG. The organization of the families was in accordance with APG IV and characterized in family, genera, species and way of life and calculated the arithmetic mean and standard deviation for families and life forms with the aid of the Bioestat 5.0 Program, 36 families, 73 genera and 99 species were registered, Fabaceae (14), Poaceae (13), Cyperaceae (9), Myrtaceae (7) and Dilleniaceae (6) were representative in number of Paspalum registered the largest number of species (5) followed by Chamaecrista, Myrcia and Scleria (4) and Axonopus, Borreria, Byrsonima, Davilla, Doliocarpus, Eriosema, Eugenia, Miconia, Ouratea, Polygala and Rhynchospora (2). Dominant life form was Herb with 40 species, Shrub (21) and Tree (20). It was concluded that the Itapuá savanna presented a richness of 99 species in comparison to other Amazonian savannas distributed in the Fabaceae, Poaceae and Cyperaceae families. Paspa lum with the largest number of species together with others characterized the herbaceous form as the dominant one. This was the first record of regenerating species and their life forms in an Amazonian savanna. Based on this knowledge, other initiatives should be sought for other savanna patches in order to show the importance of conserving these environments, which lately has been undergoing extensive degradation in the Amazon.Keywords: Lower stratum; way of life; conservation.

scholarly journals Transformer species in the flora of the Starobilsk grass-meadow steppe (Ukraine)

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana O. Kucher
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Alien Plants ◽  
Meadow Steppe ◽  
Check List ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Degree Of Naturalization ◽  
Grass Meadow

Abstract The results of an investigation of alien species that change the character, condition, form or nature of ecosystems over large areas (transformer species) in the flora of the Starobilsk grass-meadow steppe are presented. The check-list of alien plants includes over 386 species of vascular plants, of which 28 are invasive and 6 are transformer species. In this study, the data on the first records of alien species, their distribution history, ecology, occurrence in different plant communities and degree of naturalization were compiled. The distribution maps of transformer species are provided.

scholarly journals Composition and Biomass of Aquatic Vegetation in the Poyang Lake, China

Scientifica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Du ◽  
Ziqi Li ◽  
Zengxin Zhang ◽  
Qiu Jin ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Poyang Lake ◽  
Standing Stock ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Dominant Plant Species

The distribution of aquatic vegetation and associated community diversity and biomass in the Poyang Lake were investigated. The results showed that (1) 43 species of aquatic vascular plants were found in the Poyang Lake watershed which belonged to 22 families; (2) the vegetation of the Poyang Lake scattered in different areas which could be divided into 31 major plant communities and 5 plant zones including amphibian, emergent, floating-leaved, submerged, and floating input; (3) there were 67 aquatic plants in the lake area, and the standing stock (fresh weight) was 1519.41 t. The number of amphibians was the dominant plant species in the Poyang Lake, and the quantity and percentage of amphibians were predominant, which was far more than the other three life forms.

scholarly journals VARIABILITY OF THE COMPOSITION AND RATIO OF VASCULAR PLANT LIFE FORMS IN ECOTONE COMMUNITIES OF THE UPPER BORDER OF WOODY VEGETATION IN THE POLAR URALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
N.I. Andreyashkina
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Polar Urals ◽  
Plant Life Forms ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Species Similarity ◽  
The Polar Urals

For phytoindication of ecotopic conditions according to the degree of moisture and heat supply, full floristic composition was used in a number of communities and ecotopes within them. Different hydrothermal regimes of ecotopes underlie the distribution of life forms of vascular plants. The spatial heterogeneity of floristic diversity is largely due to a set of species of grassy life forms. Woody life forms are not numerous, but play a significant role in the structure of the vegetation cover. The species richness of communities naturally decreases during the transition from larch forests and woodlands to mountain tundras with single trees. At the same time, communities are largely similar in species composition, and the set of life forms is preserved, but the composition and ratio of different types of life forms change. The transition from smooth variability in the composition and ratio of life forms to markedly increased variability as a result of natural environmental factors is clearly visible, which is correspondingly reflected in a decrease in indicators of species similarity of communities.

scholarly journals Floristic Diversity of Riparian Plants in Aswan Reservoir at the Extreme South of the River Nile, Upper Egypt: A Closed Ecological System

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-609
Author(s):  
Mohamed O. Badry ◽  
Tarek A. A. Radwan ◽  
Fatma A. A. Ayed ◽  
Mohamed G. Sheded
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
River Nile ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Riparian Plants ◽  
Polygonum Aviculare ◽  
Aswan Reservoir

The present study was undertaken to survey the floristic composition in the islands and shorelines in Aswan Reservoir, south of the River Nile at Aswan Governorate, Egypt. Four elements of vegetation were analyzed: floristic composition, lifespan, life form, and phytogeographical affinities. A total of 165 species were recorded belonging to 134 genera in 45 families of vascular plants, of which six species were new to the flora of Aswan and Nubia (Amaranthus spinosus, Doellia bovei, Eleocharis parvula, Haematoxylum campechianum, Polygonum aviculare, and Pithecellobium dulce). The most represented families are Leguminosae, Poaceae, and Compositae. Species richness is highest in low-lying areas (shorelines) liable to flooding, compared to those of the islands in the river. The recorded flora consists of 50.91% perennials and 49.09% annuals. Therophytes and phanerophytes were the predominant life forms. Phytogeographical analysis revealed the prevalence of the pantropical (28.48%), palaeotropical (17.57%), and cosmopolitan (16.36%) plant species. Monoregional chorotype was represented by 29 species (17.58%) of the recorded flora with the Sudano-Zambezian species (11.52%) being the highest chorotype, while pure Mediterranean species were very poorly represented (3.63%). Biregional chorotype was represented by 25 species (15.15%), while the pluriregional chorotype was accounted for 2.43% of recorded species.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Flora of Morang District and Adjoining Areas of Nepal

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
S. Jha
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Floristic Analysis ◽  
Biological Spectrum ◽  
Key Words Conservation

Nine hundred and forty seven species of vascular plants under 661 genera and 172 families were recorded from Morang district and adjoining areas of Nepal. The genus-species ratio of the vascular plants in general and angiosperms in particular was 1:1.43 and 1:1.44, respectively; and 498 genera of vascular plants were represented by a single species only. On the basis of number of species, Polypodiaceae (11) was the largest family of pteridophytes, and Pinaceae (3) of gymnosperms. Among the angiosperms ten largest families were: Leguminosae (91)>Poaceae (80)> Asteraceae (57)>Euphorbiaceae (31)> Cyperaceae (28)> Rubiaceae(26) > Lamiaceae and Solanaceae (22 each) > Acanthaceae (21)> Orchidaceae (20) > Convolvulaceae (16). The biological spectrum of the study area was phanerotherophytic type. Key words: Conservation, Exotic weeds, Floristic analysis, Life forms, Reproductive seasonsdoi:10.3126/on.v3i1.336Our Nature (2005) 3: 63-68

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