scholarly journals Detection of Candida albicans in the screening of cervical cancer in rural population of Lucknow

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jata Shankar Misra ◽  
Srivastava Anand N ◽  
Zaidi Zeeshan H ◽  
Singh Shivani
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Vaginal Infections ◽  
Cervical Smears ◽  
Candidal Infection ◽  
Genital Hygiene

Background Study of Candidal infection is very essential in rural women who being illiterate and financially weak are not aware of personal genital hygiene and thus harbour persistent vaginal infections due to poor availability of medical amenities. Method Rural cervical cancer screening is in progress in the western region of Lucknow, India since May 2013 through camp approach and till date, a total of 2949 women have been cytologically examined. Candidal infection has been observed in the 143 cervical smears of women and  findings have been analyzed in relation to the different predisposing factor of cervical carcinogenesis. Result The incidence of Candida albicans seen in cervical smears of the total 2949 women examined was found to be 4.8% which is much higher than in their urban counterparts (1.2%). The Candida was seen more in the inflammatory smears (9.4%) and those showing squamous intraepithelial lesions of cervix (SIL). –  (8.2%). The fungus was found more prevalent in the reproductive age group and women complaining of vaginal discharge and was result of persistent vaginal infections in the rural women which should be treated.  The Candida was commonly seen in erosion cervix cases but its incidence was high in women with cervicitis and cervix bleeds on touch. Conclusions This persistent  vaginal infections were seen in the illiterate and poor rural women who are not aware of personal genital hygiene. There is a need to create awareness for personal genital hygiene through health workers for making any cancer screening program meaningful and successful.

scholarly journals CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING IN RURAL WOMEN POPULATION OF LUCKNOW WEST, INDIA: PROBLEMS AND BENEFITS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-246
Author(s):  
J. S. Misra ◽  
A. N. Srivastava ◽  
Shivani Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Major Health Problem

Carcinoma cervix is a major health problem faced by Indian women and situation is very alarming in rural population because of illiteracy and poverty. There is urgent need of creating awareness regarding the risk factors of cervical cancer such as early marriage and multiparity in the rural women and the importance of early detection of the cervical cancer. With aim for providing single life time Pap smear cover to the rural women, cervical cancer screening program was initiated in May 2013 by Era's Lucknow, Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, through organizing camps in the villages of Lucknow ,west. Till December 2019, a total of 183 camps have been organized and 5209 women attended these camps (28.5%). Pap smear examination could be done in only 2912 women (55.9%). The incidence of squamous intraepithelial lesions of cervix (SIL) was found to be very high in these women (17.1%) though majority of SIL were of low grade (LSIL). This may be related to the poor personal genital hygiene prevailing in rural women due to illiteracy. In the present review, the SIL incidence has been extensively analyzed in relation to different predisposing factors of cervical carcinogenesis and problems faced during camp organization and the benefits derived from these camps to rural women have been highlighted.

Evaluation of a Narrative Video to Promote Prevention and Early Detection of Cervical Cancer Among Latinas

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992110389
Author(s):  
Jessica Calderón-Mora ◽  
Adam Alomari ◽  
Theresa L. Byrd ◽  
Navkiran K. Shokar
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Psychosocial Variables ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Efficacy Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Objective To evaluate the impact of an online-delivered, theory-based narrative video on cervical cancer screening knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs in a predominantly Latino community. Methods The study design was a nonrandomized pretest–posttest evaluation. The eligibility criteria included men and women 18 years or older not previously enrolled in our community cervical cancer screening program who had internet access. Participants were recruited via in-person county-wide flyer distribution and social media dissemination. The intervention involved a narrative video designed for Latinas delivered via the internet. The 17-minute video is novella style, with a culturally tailored storyline and setting that covers cervical cancer risk factors and statistics, importance of screening, and addresses testing barriers. The measures were knowledge about cervical cancer and screening, perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, subjective norms, and self-efficacy. Analysis was performed using change scores for knowledge and psychosocial variables and descriptive statistics for satisfaction and acceptability of the video. Results Data from 227 surveys were analyzed; respondent mean age: 37.6 years; 98.8% female, 88.8% Hispanic; 42.0% had an annual income of $20,000 or less; and 85.2% had at least a high school education. Knowledge and all psychosocial variables improved significantly. More than 90% of the participants rated all of the satisfaction items as good or excellent. Conclusions and Implications for Practice A culturally appropriate narrative video about cervical cancer and screening disseminated online effectively improved knowledge and psychosocial variables among Latinas. Our findings indicate that health promotion interventions online could be effective for improving desired health behavior through a new means of educational dissemination by way of websites and social media outlets.

scholarly journals Organization of cervical cancer screening in Campinas and surrounding region, São Paulo State, Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1909-1914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos Zeferino ◽  
José A. Pinotti ◽  
Jessé P. Neves Jorge ◽  
Maria Cristina A. Westin ◽  
Julia K. Tambascia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening Program ◽  
São Paulo State

Cervical cancer screening remains a challenge in developing countries due to a complex array of problems. This paper aimed to describe the experience with organization of cervical cancer screening in three districts of Campinas and the surrounding region in São Paulo State, Brazil, and to report the resulting data. The program was organized in a pyramid format, and the health care hierarchy was defined according to the complexity and total number of medical procedures. Screening has been extended currently to 88 municipalities, of which 51 are equipped with colposcopy and eight have facilities for treating advanced cervical cancer. The standardized incidence rate for cervical cancer in Campinas was 14.2/100,000 women per year in 1993-1995, and the standardized mortality rate per district ranged from 2.7 to 3.0 per 100,000 women in 1997-1998. This project has clearly shown that hierarchical and decentralized organization of health procedures is a necessary condition for achieving the goals of an effective cervical cancer screening program.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Visual Tests for Primary Cervical Cancer Screening in Rural Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (214) ◽  
pp. 917-923
Author(s):  
Niresh Thapa ◽  
Muna Maharjan ◽  
Girishma Shrestha ◽  
Narayani Maharjan ◽  
Deborah Lindell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Resource Setting

Introduction: In Nepal, cervical cancer is the most common female cancer. Unfortunately, there is no uniform effective screening system available all around the country. The objective of this study is to evaluate the cytology, Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid and with Lugol’s Iodine alone or in combination to detect a pre-cancerous lesion in rural Nepal.Methods: It is an analytical cross-sectional study. Convenience sampling technique was used to select participants who were apparently healthy, married, non- pregnant women of aged 20-65 years for cervical cancer screening program. Screening tests were performed on all eligible women (n=2143) after socio-demographic and reproductive health data collection. A biopsy was applied as a gold standard test. Cross-tabulations were used to describe the test sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value at a 95% confidence interval. Diagnostic odds ratio was also calculated. Results: A majority, 2143 (94%), of women accepted and participated in this study. The sensitivity vs specificity of cytology, VIA, and VILI was 57.1% vs 98.3%, 71.4% vs 88.8% and 78.6% vs 85.1%, and of the co-testing of ‘Both positive VIA and VILI’ and ‘Either positive VIA or VILI’ was 64.3% vs 85.7% and 90.1% vs 83.7% respectively. Negative predictive value of all tests exceeded 99.7%. Cytology had the highest Diagnostic odds ratio (64.9), followed by the co-test ‘Either positive VIA or VILI’ (27.7).Conclusions: Cervical cancer screening by co-testing ‘Either positive VIA or VILI’ is more useful than cytology; VIA and or VILI are easy, safe, feasible and well-accepted tests in a low resource setting, Nepal.

scholarly journals Quality assurance for the cervical cancer screening program in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanako Kono ◽  
Kumiko Saika ◽  
Eiko Saitoh ◽  
Tomio Nakayama ◽  
Tohru Morisada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cancer Screening Program ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening Program
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