scholarly journals A numerical model of blowing snow around an Antarctic building

1994 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Moore ◽  
S.D. Mobbs ◽  
D.B. Ingham ◽  
J.C. King
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Qualitative Agreement ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Blowing Snow ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
British Antarctic Survey ◽  
Drifting Snow ◽  
Antarctic Continent ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
The Antarctic

The accumulation of drifting snow around buildings in regions of severe climate has important implications on their design and location. This paper studies one such building, at a station run by the British Antarctic Survey and located on the Brunt Ice Shelf at the edge of the Antarctic continent. Four previous stations have been built in the area, the buildings of which were designed to become covered in snow and all have been crushed within a few years. The current station, Halley V, consists of three buildings which are all raised from the ice shelf by means of legs. They were designed in such a way that the action of the wind blowing underneath the buildings would keep them-clear of snow.This paper describes a model which predicts the shape and position of drift formation, and then compares the results with those observed at Halley. This model is a first attempt to address the problem and as such the paper can be considered to be a progress report; improvements arc currently being made as part of continuing research. It is found that there is some qualitative agreement and possible reasons for a few quantitative discrepancies are discussed. Both the model and the true data show clearly that the new design is very effective in prolonging the useful life of the buildings.

scholarly journals A numerical model of blowing snow around an Antarctic building

1994 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 341-346
Author(s):  
I. Moore ◽  
S.D. Mobbs ◽  
D.B. Ingham ◽  
J.C. King
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Qualitative Agreement ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Blowing Snow ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
British Antarctic Survey ◽  
Drifting Snow ◽  
Antarctic Continent ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
The Antarctic

The accumulation of drifting snow around buildings in regions of severe climate has important implications on their design and location. This paper studies one such building, at a station run by the British Antarctic Survey and located on the Brunt Ice Shelf at the edge of the Antarctic continent. Four previous stations have been built in the area, the buildings of which were designed to become covered in snow and all have been crushed within a few years. The current station, Halley V, consists of three buildings which are all raised from the ice shelf by means of legs. They were designed in such a way that the action of the wind blowing underneath the buildings would keep them-clear of snow. This paper describes a model which predicts the shape and position of drift formation, and then compares the results with those observed at Halley. This model is a first attempt to address the problem and as such the paper can be considered to be a progress report; improvements arc currently being made as part of continuing research. It is found that there is some qualitative agreement and possible reasons for a few quantitative discrepancies are discussed. Both the model and the true data show clearly that the new design is very effective in prolonging the useful life of the buildings.

scholarly journals Blowing and drifting snow in Alpine terrain: numerical simulation and related field measurements

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Gauer
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Blowing Snow ◽  
Related Field ◽  
Drifting Snow ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Snow Transport

A physically based numerical model of drifting and blowing snow in three-dimensional terrain is developed. The model includes snow transport by saltation and suspension. As an example, a numerical simulation for an Alpine ridge is presented and compared with field measurements.

Progress report on the Antarctic ice sheet

Polar Record ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 10 (64) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. de Q. Robin
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Great Depth ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Antarctic Continent ◽  
The Antarctic

The art, science and sport of conducting scientific traverses across the Antarctic continent has advanced so rapidly during the past decade that we are making considerable progress towards understanding the main characteristics of that continent and its ice mantle. Many reports of recent work are provisional, so some changes of detail in the following account may eventually prove necessary. Nevertheless, some major features are now well established, such as the great depth of the subglacial floor to the east of the Ross Sea, and the observations that show considerable sections of the rock of East Antarctica† to be above sea level. On the other hand, the past glaciological history of the continent and the state of the present mass balance of the ice sheet still need much more investigation before we can be satisfied with the answers. The continued activity in Antarctica should result in our knowledge of the continent advancing much further during the coming decade.

Jurassic trees at Jason Peninsula, Antarctica

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. del Valle ◽  
J.M. Lirio ◽  
J.C. Lusky ◽  
J.R. Morelli ◽  
H.J. Nuñez
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Prominent Feature ◽  
Calc Alkaline ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
British Antarctic Survey ◽  
Antarctic Expedition ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Larsen Ice Shelf

Jason Peninsula (66°10'S, 61°00'W) is a prominent feature extending some 80 km into the Larsen Ice Shelf from the eastern coast of the Antarctic Peninsula, and consists of widely spaced rock exposures and several ice-domes with elevations up to some 600 m (Fig. 1). The feature was first seen from seaward on 1 December 1893 by Captain C.A. Larsen, who named one of the high summits “Mount Jason” after his ship. Leading the 1902–1904 Swedish Antarctic Expedition, Dr Otto Nordenskjöld observed the area from Borchgrevink Nunatak (66°03'S; 62°30'W) and reported that the summits seen by Larsen were separated from the Antarctic Peninsula. The name “Jason Island” was subsequently adopted for this feature, but in the 1950s researchers belonging to the currently named British Antarctic Survey (BAS) determined Larsen's discovery to be a large peninsula, underlain mainly by calc-alkaline volcanic rocks.

scholarly journals Drifting snow statistics from multiple-year autonomous measurements in Adelie Land, eastern Antarctica

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Amory
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Drifting Snow ◽  
Single Location ◽  
Antarctic Continent ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Snow Transport

Abstract. Drifting snow is a widespread feature over the Antarctic ice sheet whose climatological and hydrological significances at the continental scale have been consequently investigated through modelling and satellite approaches. While field measurements are needed to evaluate and interpret model and punctual satellite products, most drifting snow observation campaigns in Antarctica involved data collected at a single location and over short time periods. With the aim of acquiring new data relevant to the observations and modelling of drifting snow in Antarctic conditions, two remote locations in coastal Adelie Land (East Antarctica) 100 km apart were instrumented in January 2010 with meteorological and second-generation IAV Engineering acoustic FlowCaptTM sensors. The data provided nearly continuously so far constitutes the longest dataset of autonomous near-surface (i.e., below 2 m) measurements of drifting snow currently available over the Antarctic continent. This paper presents an assessment of drifting snow occurrences and snow mass transport from up to 9 years (2010–2018) of half-hourly observational records collected in one of the Antarctic regions most prone to snow transport by wind. The dataset is freely available to the scientific community and can be used to complement satellite products and evaluate snow-transport models close to the surface and at high temporal frequency.

scholarly journals Antarctic Atmospheric River Climatology and Impacts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Wille ◽  
Vincent Favier ◽  
Irina V. Gorodetskaya ◽  
Cécile Agosta ◽  
Jai Chowdhry Beeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Surface Mass Balance ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Surface Mass ◽  
Atmospheric Rivers ◽  
Atmospheric River ◽  
Dronning Maud Land ◽  
Antarctic Continent ◽  
Surface Melt ◽  
The Antarctic

<p>Atmospheric rivers, broadly defined as narrow yet long bands of strong horizontal vapor transport typically imbedded in a low level jet ahead of a cold front of an extratropical cyclone, provide a sub-tropical connection to the Antarctic continent and are observed to significantly impact the affected region’s surface mass balance over short, extreme events. When an atmospheric river makes landfall on the Antarctic continent, their signature is clearly observed in increased downward longwave radiation, cloud liquid water content, surface temperature, snowfall, surface melt, and moisture transport.</p><p>Using an atmospheric river detection algorithm designed for Antarctica and regional climate simulations from MAR, we created a climatology of atmospheric river occurrence and their associated impacts on surface melt and snowfall. Despite their rarity of occurrence over Antarctica (maximum frequency of ~1.5% over a given point), they have produced significant impacts on melting and snowfall processes. From 1979-2017, atmospheric rivers landfalls and their associated radiative flux anomalies and foehn winds accounted for around 40% of the total summer surface melt on the Ross Ice Shelf (approaching 100% at higher elevations in Marie Byrd Land) and 40-80% of total winter surface melt on the ice shelves along the Antarctic Peninsula. On the other side of the continent in East Antarctica, atmospheric rivers have a greater influence on annual snowfall variability. There atmospheric rivers are responsible for 20-40% of annual snowfall with localized higher percentages across Dronning Maud Land, Amery Ice Shelf, and Wilkes Land.</p><p>Atmospheric river landfalls occur within a highly amplified polar jet pattern and often are found in the entrance region of a blocking ridge. Therefore, atmospheric river variability is connected with atmospheric blocking variability over the Southern Ocean. There has been a significant increase in atmospheric river activity over the Amundsen-Bellingshausen sea and coastline and into Dronning Maud Land region from 1980-2018. Meanwhile, there is a significant decreasing trend in the region surrounding Law Dome. Our results suggest that atmospheric rivers play a significant role in the Antarctic surface mass balance, and that any future changes in atmospheric blocking or tropical-polar teleconnections may have significant impacts on future surface mass balance projections.</p>

scholarly journals Simulation of blowing snow over the antarctic ice sheet

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert Gallée
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Blowing Snow ◽  
Katabatic Winds ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Antarctic Continent ◽  
Global Sea Level ◽  
Mesoscale Atmospheric Model ◽  
The Antarctic

A preliminary simulation of blowing snow over the Antarctic continent made with a mesoscale atmospheric model is presented. Sensitivity experiments show that the increase of surface friction arising in conjunction with blowing snow has a relatively more important impact on the dynamics of strong katabatic winds than previously supposed. Sublimation in blowing snow over the Antarctic continent also contributes to the global sea-level budget. It is found that this contribution is of the same order of magnitude as the estimated present sea-level rise.

scholarly journals Snow Control Studies of Elevated Buildings in the Antarctic

1983 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 188-191
Author(s):  
Hiromi Mitsuhashi ◽  
Toshio Hannuki ◽  
Toshio Sato ◽  
Kou Kusunoki
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Blowing Snow ◽  
Wind Tunnel Experiments ◽  
Syowa Station ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Drifting Snow ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Wind Profiles ◽  
The Antarctic

To elaborate design concepts of elevated buildings in an area of drifting snow, snow deposition and wind profiles around two buildings at Syowa station, Antarctica, were observed in 1978. To interpret the observed results in detail, wind-tunnel experiments on scale models were carried out. A wind-scooped snow deposit was formed behind the building and a sharp ridge was formed on the lee side. The highest point of the deposit was at a distance of 1 or 1.5 times the floor height (about 1.5 m) and the skirt of the snowdrift extended about 5 times the height of the roof. Wind profiles measured near one of the buildings (ionosphere hut) were expressed in terms of the logarithmic law. Two methods based on wind-tunnel experiments were used to estimate the development of snowdrifts around the building: one is to estimate the deposition from the difference in transport of blowing snow calculated from wind profiles and snowdrift flux profiles, the other is by deduction from the distribution of wind profiles. These experiments together with previous ones indicated that the optimum floor height was about 44Î of the height of the building.

scholarly journals The future of scientific drilling in Antarctic waters

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian W.D. Dalziel
Keyword(s):  
Austral Summer ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Scientific Drilling ◽  
Ocean Drilling ◽  
The Past ◽  
Amery Ice Shelf ◽  
Antarctic Waters ◽  
Antarctic Continent ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Considerable Concern

Over the past twenty years, nine legs of the Ocean Drilling Programme (ODP) and its predecessor the Deep Sea Drilling Project have been conducted at high southern latitudes (>45°S). Only four have taken place near the margins of the Antarctic continent (>60°S), the last off the Amery Ice Shelf in 1988. At present, JOIDES Resolution is drilling on the Chile Rise-Chile Trench triple junction (46°S), but she will return to lower latitudes at the end of this leg (#141). The Planning Committee of ODP has already approved a schedule that precludes a return to the Antarctic prior to the 1994–95 austral summer at the earliest. Few proposals for Antarctic drilling have even been submitted in recent years; none has received high ranking. This should be a matter of considerable concern to the Antarctic earth sciences community. The JOIDES Resolution is an international asset with a unique sampling capability but the lifetime of the ODP may not extend beyond 1998.

scholarly journals Simulation of blowing snow over the antarctic ice sheet

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert Gallée
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Blowing Snow ◽  
Katabatic Winds ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Antarctic Continent ◽  
Global Sea Level ◽  
Mesoscale Atmospheric Model ◽  
The Antarctic

A preliminary simulation of blowing snow over the Antarctic continent made with a mesoscale atmospheric model is presented. Sensitivity experiments show that the increase of surface friction arising in conjunction with blowing snow has a relatively more important impact on the dynamics of strong katabatic winds than previously supposed. Sublimation in blowing snow over the Antarctic continent also contributes to the global sea-level budget. It is found that this contribution is of the same order of magnitude as the estimated present sea-level rise.

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