Snow Stratigraphy and Water Equivalence Measured With an Active Microwave System
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AbstractThis paper reports on research on the relationship between the electromagnetic scattering properties and physical properties of snow-pack. An FM-CW active microwave radar system operating in the frequency range 8-12 GHz is used to scatter electromagnetic radiation from surface and subsurface stratigraphic layers in the snow-pack. The amplitude of the scattered radiation as a function of depth in the snow-pack can be correlated with such physical characteristics as density, hardness, stratigraphy, and moisture content. A direct determination of snow-pack water equivalence can be made from these observations.
1980 ◽
Vol 26
(94)
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pp. 225-233
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1939 ◽
Vol 12
(2)
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pp. 269-282
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2003 ◽
Vol 83
(9)
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pp. 797-806
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1984 ◽
Vol 45
(C7)
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pp. C7-265-C7-265
1994 ◽
Vol 72
(03)
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pp. 426-429
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