STRUCTURAL-DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE DOMESTIC CONSUMER MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF MACROECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 298 (5 Part 1) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
OLHA KLEPANCHUK ◽  
◽  
STEPAN ILCHYSHYN ◽  
VOLODYMYR DALYK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Effective Demand ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Consumer Services ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the multifactor structural-dynamic analysis of the development of the consumer market of Ukraine as a system segmented into the markets of food and non-food goods and consumer services, and to determine the factor impact of its segments on macroeconomic dynamics. The stable growth of the analyzed segments was revealed, despite a slight decrease in the volume of sales of services in 2020 due to the quarantine restrictions imposed by the Government for certain types of economic activity. Changes in the commodity structure of the consumer market are analyzed. The average growth rate of food sales was 113.5%, non-food – 111.2%, services – 102.5%, which is fully correlated with the average growth of nominal GDP by 118.1%. It was found that the largest share of household expenditures was concentrated in the food market, where there was a faster growth in consumer prices compared to effective demand. It was found that the average monthly total expenditures of households in the consumer market decreased, primarily on non-food goods and services. In the domestic market of consumer services, there was a tendency to widen the gap between market supply and effective demand and redistribute the structure of consumer demand. To obtain an objective description of the impact of the domestic consumer market on the general parameters of the economic system of Ukraine, the factor influence of sales in consumer markets of food and non-food goods and services on GDP dynamics is analyzed. The significance of the parameters of the regression equation was checked by Fisher’s F-test. It was found that despite the significant aggregate influence of external factors, the obtained regression equation with a high degree of reliability indicates that the state of the consumer market of food products has little effect on nominal GDP, while the growth of non-food and services markets is guaranteed to increase GDP. This allows us to rethink the role of the domestic consumer market as a concept of a holistic system of socio-economic relations, which complements the established location of the interaction of producers and consumers with the institutional component. Further research is recommended to be directed in the direction of an extremely important aspect of goal-setting of institutional regulation of domestic consumer market development, namely meeting the needs of consumers, who are the final link in market relations.

scholarly journals Impact of Implementation of Goods and Service Tax on Indian Banking Sector

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
Revathi R. ◽  
Madhushree ◽  
P. S. Aithal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Bank Branches ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Government ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

The banking sector is one of the biggest and revenue generating sector in our economy. Indiais a country with impressively splendid banks with sufficient capital and well-regulated rulesand regulations. One of the biggest transformations that the sector faced during this period isGST i.e., Goods and Service Tax, a new tax regime introduced in the midnight of 1 July2017. Now the new tax regime has become one year old and there are so many changeswhich happened in the banking sector during this one-year periods. Introduction of GST tothe banking sector was one the highly risky and challenging role for the government. GST isa replacement to the Value Added Tax (VAT) which was implied on goods and services. Themain purpose of studying the impact of implementation of GST is to avoid double taxationon goods and services. It is a self-regulated tax system with a simplifies tax regime whichreduces the multiplicity of tax. The purpose of this study is to know the challenges faced bythe Banking sector and its effects on the customers after the implementation of the GST.New tax regime made an incredible step by the abolish of centralized registration of thebanks. Now all the bank branches have to register under GST in each state for the smoothfunctioning. The tax rate has created an impression in the banking sector that the sector iscontributing much toward the economic growth of the country. Tax slabs is anotherimportant and critical thing discussed in this paper which has substantially increasedcompared to the old tax regime. Data for the study have been collected from secondary datasources such as journals, internet, and news articles. Using the ABCD qualitative analysistechnique, advantages, benefits, constraints, and disadvantages for both banks and thecustomers for payment of GST are identified.

scholarly journals GST fraud prevention to ensure business sustainability: a Malaysian case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-265
Author(s):  
Zaleha Othman ◽  
Mohd Fareez Fahmy Nordin ◽  
Muhammad Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Fraud Prevention ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Prevention Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
Sustainable Income ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis study provides in-depth explanation of Goods and Services Tax (GST) fraud prevention towards sustainability business.Design/methodology/approachThis study applies a qualitative research method, i.e. case study, to address the specific research objective.FindingsThe finding revealed a GST prevention model towards sustainable business. The finding shows that it is pertinent for the government to set preventive strategies in order to retain sustainable income for the government. Two essential dimensions emerged in the findings to support preventive strategies, namely macro- and micro-level measures.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study provide managers, investors and policymakers with evidence to what extent GST fraud could be minimize in order to safeguard government source of revenue and retain sustainable business in a country. As GST is an important source of revenue for the government, it is thus crucial to prevent fraud from occurring.Originality/valuePast studies have primarily focused on GST implementation from the perspective of service tax effectiveness and efficiency. However, this study examined the impact of GST fraud to determine measures that could ensure service tax sustainability using preventive strategies, in turn, introducing to the existing literature on indirect tax.

scholarly journals The Financial Situation of the households in Poland after Implementation of the Programme „Family 500+”

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
Joanna Bugajewska
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
Monthly Family Income ◽  
Polish People ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Instrument

The aim of the present paper is an analysis of the impact of the government economic instrument, the „Family 500+” programme on spending decisions of Polish people. For this purpose, financial conditions of families living in two Polish cities: Radom and Chełm were being observed (in the light of the own diagnosis). As a part of a survey, people were asked questions regarding the amount of monthly family income, savings and credits, types of goods and services purchased owing to the  „500+” programme for the benefit of children and young people under 18. The paper ends with conclusions resulting from the conducted research.

scholarly journals Pros and cons of gst

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
ARULRAJ S ◽  
KADIRVELU S
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

India is currently going through major reforms in its overall economic sectors.GST is one such kind of great reform. GST is unified indirect tax across the country on the Goods and Services. In the earlier system of Indirect Tax, the tax is levied at each stage separately by the Central Government and State Government at different rates, on the full value of goods as well as the services. But in this GST system, tax will be levied only the value added at each stage. So the government states that this GST is ―one India one Tax‖.This paper focuses on the concept, the benefits which the country will accrue from GST, the impact of GST on manufacturing, entertainment and Service Sectors.

scholarly journals Impact of Value Added Tax to Enugu’s Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 278-287
Author(s):  
MARIA LUISA GONZALES ◽  
FRIDAY ODE
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT           Value-added tax is everywhere; it is in the most of goods and services we purchase. Take for instance; when we go to the salon to get our hair done, when we gas up our car, vat is also included in what we pay.  In the Philippines, the value-added tax is a form of sales tax. It is a tax on the consumption levied on the sale, barter exchange, or lease of goods, properties, and services in the Philippines, and on importation of goods into the country, it is an indirect tax that may be shifted or passed into the buyer transferring lease of goods, properties or services. While in Nigeria, VAT is a Federal Government Tax that is administered using the existing machinery of the Federal Inland Revenue Services (FIRS). This study assessed the impact of value-added tax on Enugu Nigeria’s Economy, specifically to Government, Business Organizations, and Consumers, the problems identified, significant relationships, and the solutions recommended. The findings revealed that VAT has a significant impact on business organizations and consumers but positively on the part of the government. Recommendation for the improvement is for the consumer with low average earnings should be exempted in paying the VAT provided however, criteria must be set to exempt them in VAT. Keyword: Social Sciences, Impact, Value added Tax, Revenue, descriptive research design, Philippines

scholarly journals Impact of Petroleum on SMEs Growth in Nigeria.

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Tende ◽  
Ezie Obumneke
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Petroleum Price ◽  
The Government ◽  
Petroleum Refineries ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
The Impact

The study undertakes an empirical research on the impact of petroleum on small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) development in Nigeria. The log linear error correction model was adopted to examine how petroleum price (PP), Imported petroleum (IMP) and domestically produced petroleum (DPP) had impacted on Nigeria’s SMEs. Unit root test was carried out on each of the variables to determine their level of stationarity. They were however found stationary after first difference (that is, they are all integrated of order one (I(1)), then it was safe to proceed with Johansen Cointegration Test. The integrated variables were then used for the regression analysis. The cointegration result showed that the variables used in the model have a long term, or equilibrium relationship between them. It was observed that from the analysis that PP and IMP were found to be statistically insignificant and both had negative relationships with SMEs development Nigeria, while DPP had a positive impact and is statistically significant. Due to the underproduction of the Nigerian petroleum refineries, the government had to resort to importation of the shortfall which also has its cost implications on its sales and distribution. Local manufacturers and farmers had to pay more for transporting their goods and services to the markets. Incessant price hikes of petroleum products have led to crisis and industrial actions led by some pressure groups in Nigeria which has caused distortion in the SMEs activities of Nigeria overtime The study thus recommends that the down-stream oil need to be deregulated to allow private investors come in to build in more refineries so as to produce the petroleum at a relatively lower cost to propel the growth of SMEs in the country.

scholarly journals Tax Reform: Is it Welfare-Enhancing or Welfare-Reducing?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1101-1112
Author(s):  
Roshaiza Taha ◽  
Norsiah Ahmad ◽  
Wan Anisah Endut ◽  
Saeed Rabea Ali Baatwah
Keyword(s):  
Tax Reform ◽  
Consumer Welfare ◽  
Price Effect ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Shed Light

The ongoing tax reform in Malaysia has triggered our motivation to understand the effect of such reform on the public since the government has continuously emphasised that the changes would not burden the consumer. Whether this is a myth or reality is deemed interesting to ponder upon. Thus, this study aims to provide evidence concerning Malaysian tax reform on consumer welfare by looking at the price effect, consumer burden, and inflation. Price observations of the pre-, during and post-reformation period were conducted to provide meaningful evidence. Interestingly, the outcome of the observation rules out the public accusation that the tax reform would boost the price of goods and services and further result in a welfarereducing event. Also, a review of the recent statistics on poverty incidence does not show a negative effect of tax policy changes on society’s welfare. It is hoped that the discussion provided in this paper will shed light on the impact of tax reformation in Malaysia, albeit a further thorough examination might be required. 

The Impact of Gst On The Spending Pattern Of Students From The Faculty Of Accountancy, UiTM Puncak Alam, Selangor

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Nadiah Abd Hamid ◽  
Nurul Mardhiah Harun ◽  
Bedah Ahmad ◽  
Mastora Yahya
Keyword(s):  
End Users ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The implementation of GST in Malaysia as of 1st April 2015, which replaced the current Sales and Service Tax (SST) is viewed as a more efficient tax to manage and to generate greater revenue collection for the government. This multi-tiered tax rate of 6 percent is finally borne by the end users who consumed the goods and services regardless of their income levels. As a result, even non-income earners such as students are inevitably bearing the rising price of their consumed goods and services. This study aimed to investigate the level of GST knowledge among the final year students in the Faculty of Accountancy, UiTM Puncak Alam. The students’ knowledge andperception on issues related to GST implementation were found to have certain impacts on their spending pattern. Evidently, the findings revealed that students who have much information about GST implementation and in cases where they perceived that GST is an unfair and unequitable tax system, both situations are highly likely to have significant effects on their spending trend.

Willingness to adopt e-procurement to reduce corruption

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Neupane ◽  
Jeffrey Soar ◽  
Kishor Vaidya ◽  
Jianming Yong
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Willingness To Adopt ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report on research that evaluates the perceived willingness of potential bidders to adopt public e-procurement for the supply of goods and services to the government of Nepal. The authors have identified anti-corruption attributes through an extensive literature review and developed a theoretical model representing the impact of four latent variables, monopoly of power, information asymmetry, trust and transparency and accountability on the dependent variable, the intent-to-adopt e-procurement (ITA). Design/methodology/approach – Data for this research were obtained by the use of a questionnaire survey of bidders who were officially registered with the Government of Nepal. As part of the fieldwork for this research, the first author collected the perceptions of 220 bidders regarding the potential of public e-procurement to reduce corruption in public procurement processes. Findings – The findings suggest that a high level of the ITA has a positive and significant relationship with the independent variables that might inform the developed and emerging countries to make a decision to adoption of e-procurement to combat corruption in public procurement. Research limitations/implications – This study has some limitations that should be taken into consideration. The evaluation of anti-corruption factors, as they affect the willingness of users to adopt e-procurement on the bidder’s perception research model is relatively new to e-procurement research. A limitation of the research was that it gathered and analyzed data from a single country with a limited number of respondents. More research is needed to identify the anti-corruption factors of e-procurement in reducing corruption, and also need strong empirical test to valid the factors that influence the adoption of e-procurement. Originality/value – This study aimed to contribute to the academic scholar, government agencies and public procurement practitioner in enhancing their understanding of the perceived anti-corruption factors of public e-procurement to reduce corruption.

The Effects of Reducing the Motor Fuels Excise Tax on Agriculture in the United States

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-63
Author(s):  
Noel D. Uri ◽  
Roy Boyd
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
The United States ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The analysis in this paper examines the impact of reducing the federal excise tax on gasoline and diesel fuel on the United States economy in general and the agricultural sectors in particular. The analytical approach used in the analysis consists of a computable general equilibrium model composed of fourteen producing sectors. fourteen consuming sectors, six household categories classified by income and a government. The effects of a 4.3 cents per gallon reduction in the excise tax on gasoline and diesel fuel in prices and quantities are examined. The results suggest. for example, a decrease in the tax would result in higher output by the producing sectors (by about $2.86 billion), a decline in output in the agricultural sectors of about 0.01 percent or $18.4 million. an expansion in the consumption of goods and services (by about $3.84 billion), and an increase in welfare (by about $3.59 billion). The government would realize a decrease in revenue of about $2.37 billion. When subjected to a sensitivity analysis. the results are reasonably robust with regard to the assumption of the values of the substitution elasticities.

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