Features of gene expression of Toll-like receptors in the placenta and fetal membranes during full-term pregnancy, complicated by premature rupture of membrane

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
M. A. KAGANOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Tlr2 Expression ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr

The purpose — to assess the level of mRNA expression of TLR2, TLR4, TLR7 genes by the placenta and fetal membranes during full-term physiological pregnancy complicated by premature rupture of the membranes (tPROM). Material and methods. The placental and fetal membranes’ samples were collected during cesarean section to assess the level of mRNA expression of TLR2, TLR4, TLR7 genes in 35 women with full-term pregnancy in City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N.I. Pirogov (Samara). The main group consisted of 20 pregnant women with tPROM, 15 women were included in the control group (without tPROM or the onset of labor). The level of mRNA expression of the TLR2, TLR4, TLR7 genes was determined by the method of reverse transcription PCR in real time (RT-PCR) in the laboratory of molecular genetic methods of DNA-Technology LLC, using a Proba NK set of reagents. Results. The level of TLR2 expression in the fetal membranes in the main group was 1,87 times higher than in the control group, of TLR4 — 0,69 times lower and of TLR7 — 1,57 times higher. In the placenta, the expression of mRNA TLR2, TLR4, TLR7 genes did not differ. When compared by loci, a significant increase in TLR7 expression in the placenta was noted compared to the fetal membranes. Conclusion. The expression of mRNA TLR2 and TLR7 was increased with PROM in the fetal membranes, while the placenta remained intact and apparently did not participate in the pathogenesis of PROM, but has a higher level of placental TLR7 in both groups, which is apparently associated with more intense antigenic viral stimulation of placental tissues during pregnancy compared with the membranes.

Features of the placental microbiota in premature rupture of membrane at full-term pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
M. A. KAGANOVA ◽  
◽  
N. V. SPIRIDONOVA ◽  
V. O. KATYUSHINA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp ◽  
Bacterial Mass

The purpose — to study the microbial placental landscape at premature rupture of membrane (PROMt) in comparison with intact membranes at full-term pregnancy. Material and methods. At the City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N.I. Pirogov, 43 pregnant women at 37–41 weeks of gestation (24 persons with PROMt in the main group and 19 patients in the control group with intact membranes) placental tissue were taken during elective cesarean section for RT-PCR of the following microorganisms: Lactobacillus spp, Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Gardnerellavaginalis / Prevotella bivia / Porphyromonas spp., Eubacterium spp., Sneathia spp. / Leptotrihia spp. / Fusobacteriumspp, Megasphaera spp. / Veillonella spp. / Dialister spp., Lachnobacterium spp. / Clostridium spp., Mobiluncus spp. / Corynebacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Atopobiumvaginae, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma (urealyticum + parvum), Candida spp., Mycoplasma genitalium. Results. The presence of a total bacterial mass of 103.1–104.5 Ge/sample was revealed at the placenta of full-term pregnancy. Sterile placentas were found both in the control (21,1%) and in the main groups (41,6%). In the placenta samples, we observed the predominance of the laboratory total bacterial mass (TBM) over the calculated one, i.e. they contained DNA of microorganisms that was not identified by the standard panel — the «unidentifiable» microorganisms (in the main group — 25,0% and in the control group — 52,6%). Enterobacteriaceae spp. (102,6 Ge/sample) were detected on the placental tissues of the patients with intact membrane. The placental microflora is gradually replaced by the vaginal one, obligate and facultative microflora of the vaginal biotope appeared. The presence of Lactobacillus spp. in placental tissues is characteristic only for patients with PROMt. Conclusion. A small amount of bacterial mass can be detected by RT-PCR at the physiologically full-term pregnancy, represented by Enterobacteriaceae spp. Lactobacillus spp. and anaerobic vaginal flora are also detected on placental samples at full-term pregnancy with PROMt.

Morphological features of the state of fetoplacental complex in women with early preterm birth after assisted reproductive technologies

2016 ◽  
pp. 79-81
Author(s):  
A.S. Mandrykova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Fetoplacental Complex ◽  
Early Preterm Birth

The objective: the study of morphofunctional changes of the fetoplacental complex at 28–33 weeks of gestation in women with early preterm delivery after the application of ART. Patients and methods. We have examined 130 patients whose pregnancy occurred after the use of ART. This is the woman who gave birth at 28–33 weeks of gestation. Of these, 80 women had early premature births in the background premature rupture of fetal membranes, 50 – patients with early preterm delivery and timely rupture of fetal membranes (control group 2). The main group included 4 groups of 20 women with regard to the duration of anhydrous interval: 1.1 – anhydrous interval 5–6 hours (main group 1); 1.2 – anhydrous span 24 hours; 1.3 – anhydrous interval 45–48 hours; 1.4 – anhydrous period 5 days after PRFM. Results. Thus, the results of the research indicate that the main cause of early preterm birth in women after using ART are structural dezorhanization changes of collagen fibers of the connective tissue amnion and chorionic which lead to the appearance of microscopic defects – delamination its surface, causing premature rupture of fetal membranes the launch stage localized focal immediate type hypersensitivity reactions and restructuring epithelial cell membranes. Neutrophil macrophage properties in this case reduced and programmed to perform a cycle of incomplete phagocytosis, which increases the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines in the area of rupture of fetal membranes. Сonclusion. Reduced activity of neutrophils increases the effect of abuse and cytokine balance in favor predictor of early spontaneous labor at 28-33 weeks of gestation. Key words: morphological changes of the fetoplacental complex, early preterm birth, expectant tactics of childbirth.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF OSTEOPATHIC CORRECTION OF PELVIS DYSFUNCTIONS IN WOMEN IN LABOR WITH PRETERM AMNIORRHEA IN CASE OF FULL-TERM PREGNANCYON THE LABOR COURSE AND RESULT

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Natalia Noritsyna ◽  
Svyatoslav Novoseltsev
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Labor Management ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Cesarian Section

The eff ectiveness of applying osteopathic methods to patients with amniorrhea in case of full-term pregnancy was evaluated. 40 pregnant women with singleton full-term pregnancy without severe somatic and obstetric pathologies, with preterm amniorrheaunder the absence of regular labor activity were included into the study. The main group (n = 20) included women who underwent treatmentwith osteopathic methods. In the control group (n = 20) the labor was managed in accordance with the labor management protocol in case of amniorrhea. The osteopathic examination, which was performed in the course of the study, showed that all patients had biomechanical disorders at the pelvis level. The women in labor, who underwent osteopathic correction, started to deliver on their own in a greater percentage of cases as compared with the control group; there was a signifi cant decrease of frequency of labor anomalies and the total number of complications in labor and, as a consequence, a signifi cant decrease of obstetric aids and frequency of the emergency deliveryby cesarian section. A decrease in the frequency of episiotomy was noted. A decrease in the duration of the rupture-to-delivery interval was also noted.

Comparison of streptozotocin-induced diabetes at different moments of the life of female rats for translational studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 002367722110018
Author(s):  
Yuri K Sinzato ◽  
Eduardo Klöppel ◽  
Carolina A Miranda ◽  
Verônyca G Paula ◽  
Larissa F Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Life ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Term Pregnancy

Animal models are widely used for studying diabetes in translational research. However, methods for induction of diabetes are conflicting with regards to their efficacy, reproducibility and cost. A comparison of outcomes between the diabetic models is still unknown, especially full-term pregnancy.To understand the comparison, we analyzed the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes at three life-different moments during the neonatal period in Sprague–Dawley female rats: at the first (D1), second (D2) and fifth (D5) day of postnatal life. At adulthood (90 days; D90), the animals were submitted to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for diabetic status confirmation. The diabetic and control rats were mated and sacrificed at full-term pregnancy for different analyses. Group D1 presented a higher mortality percentage after STZ administration than groups D2 and D5. All diabetic groups presented higher blood glucose levels as compared to those of the control group, while group D5 had higher levels of glycemia compared with other groups during OGTT. The diabetic groups showed impaired reproductive outcomes compared with the control group. Group D1 had lower percentages of mated rats and D5 showed a lower percentage of a full-term pregnancy. Besides that, these two groups also showed the highest percentages of inadequate fetal weight. In summary, although all groups fulfill the diagnosis criteria for diabetes in adult life, in our investigation diabetes induced on D5 presents lower costs and higher efficacy and reproducibility for studies involving diabetes-complicated pregnancy.

scholarly journals Features of amniotic fluid microbiota in full-term pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
M. A. Kaganova ◽  
N. V. Spiridonova ◽  
L. K. Medvedchikova-Ardiya
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Bacterial Mass

Objective. To study the microbial landscape of amniotic fluid in physiological process of full-term pregnancy. Recently, after publication of a number of studies regarding human microbiota (The Human Microbiome Project HMP), there occurred a change in paradigm on absolute sterility of fetal membranes and amniotic fluid in physiologically developing pregnancy. Materials and methods. At the City Clinical Hospital № 1 named after N.I. Pirogov, during elective cesarean section of 19 pregnant women (at the terms of 3741 weeks) with intact fetal membranes, an amniotic fluid of the following microorganisms was taken by means of PCR-PB: Lactobacillus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Gardnerella vaginalis / Prevotella bivia / Porphyromonas spp., Eubacterium spp., Sneathia spp. / Leptotrihia spp. / Fusobacterium spp., Megasphaera spp. / Veillonella spp. / Dialister spp., Lachnobacterium spp. / Clostridium spp., Mobiluncus spp. / Corynebacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Atopobium vaginae, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma (urealyticum + parvum), Candida spp., Mycoplasma henitalium. Results. The general bacterial mass (GBM) of amniotic fluid in intact fetal membranes is 103,02 Ge/copies, in 47.4 % of cases the amniotic fluid is sterile. Microbiota is most often presented by Enterobacteriaceae spp. 37 %, the share of the rest, identified bacteria is 28 %, the share of unknown is 35 %. Conclusions. In case of physiologically developing pregnancy and intact fetal membranes, the general bacterial mass is low (GBM = 103,02 345 Ge/ml). In the intact amniotic sac the most typical microorganisms living in amniotic fluid are Enterobacteriaceae spp. (37 %), the rest are presented in single instances. The presence of the representatives of anaerobic vaginal dysbiosis as well as lactobacilli is not typical for the intact fetal membranes.

scholarly journals Microbiota of fetal membranes in intact amniotic sac and full-term pregnancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
M.A. Kaganova ◽  
◽  
N.V Spiridonova ◽  
E.A. Makhlina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Fetal Membrane ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Candida Spp

Aim of research. To study the microbial landscape of intact fetal membranes in full-term pregnancy. Materials and methods. In 19 pregnant women (mean age — 31.0 ± 5.3 years, mean gestational age — 39.3 ± 0.65 weeks) with intact fetal membranes, the fetal membrane tissue was collected during elective cesarean section to detect by polymerase chain reaction the following microorganisms: Lactobacillus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Gardnerella vaginalis/Prevotella bivia/Porphyromonas spp., Eubacterium spp., Sneathia spp./Leptotrihia spp./ Fusobacterium spp., Megasphaera spp./Veillonella spp./ Dialister spp., Lachnobacterium spp./Clostridium spp., Mobiluncus spp./Corynebacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Atopobium vaginae, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma (urealyticum + parvum), Candida spp., Mycoplasma genitalium. Results. Sterile membranes were found in 5 pregnant women (26.3%), in the remaining cases, the total bacterial load (TBL) was 104.5 (103.5–105.8) genome equivalents (GE) per sample. Representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae family prevailed — 104.5 GE per sample on average, only in one case Candida spp. were detected. In 42.1% of cases, when determining TBL, specific types of microorganisms were not identified. Conclusion. On the fetal membranes in full-term pregnancy, the average TBL corresponding to 104.5 (103.5–105.8) GE per sample, in which Enterobacteriaceae prevail in the amount of 104.5 GE per sample on average, is acceptable.

Regulation of the functional activity of peripheral B lymphocytes in pregnant women with a history of recurrent miscarriage

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Anna I. Malyshkina ◽  
Natalia Y. Sotnikova ◽  
Dmitriy N. Voronin ◽  
Alena V. Kust
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Recurrent Miscarriage ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spontaneous Miscarriage ◽  
History Of

BACKGROUND:The frequency of recurrent miscarriage is up to 5 % of all desired pregnancies and is mainly due to immunological disorders. Dysfunction in the regulation of the functional activity of B lymphocytes is the pathogenetic link in multiple obstetric complications, including habitual miscarriage. AIM:The aim of this study was to characterize the regulation of the functional activity of peripheral B lymphocytes in pregnant women with threatened spontaneous miscarriage and a history of habitual miscarriage. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We examined 88 women aged 18-40 years at a gestation period of 5-12 weeks. The main group consisted of 36 patients with threatened spontaneous miscarriage at the time of examination and a history of habitual miscarriage. The control group included 28 women with uncomplicated pregnancy. The comparison group consisted of 24 primary pregnant patients with threatened spontaneous abortion at the time of examination. BAFF and APRIL levels in the blood serum were determined by enzyme immunoassay. The content of CD19+BAFFR+B lymphocytes in the lymphocyte gate was evaluated in the peripheral blood by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies. Akt mRNA expression was assessed using real-time reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. CD19+В lymphocytes were isolated by direct magnetic separation. RESULTS:In the main group, there was an increase in expression of BAFF receptors on peripheral CD19+B lymphocytes and a decrease in the serum BAFF concentration compared to the parameters in the other study groups. We also found a pronounced trend towards a decrease in the serum APRIL level in the main and comparison groups of patients compared to healthy pregnant women. Besides, Akt mRNA expression in peripheral CD19+B lymphocytes was increased in the main group. CONCLUSIONS:Threatened habitual abortion is associated with the deficit of the regulatory influence of BAFF and APRIL, which is expressed in the disruption of B cell homeostasis and the weakening of humoral effector mechanisms.

Features of pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period in sexually transmitted infections

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-65
Author(s):  
O.І. Krotik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Placental Dysfunction ◽  
Group 12

The objective: to identify the features of pregnancy, childbirth, the postpartum period in patients with sexually transmitted infections. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 150 pregnancy and childbirth histories was performed: the main group included 100 pregnant women with a history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and episodes of manifestations during this pregnancy and 50 pregnant women in the control group without this pathology. The exclusion criteria were pregnant women with sexually transmitted infections whose pregnancies ended in short-term abortions. Results. The threat of abortion was detected in 46% of the main group, against 26% of the control group. Oligohydramnios 13% in the main group against 8% in the control group. Preeclampsia in the main group 12%, against 5% in the control group. FGR in the main group 10% vs. 6% in the control. Placental dysfunction in the main group of 20% vs. 16% in the control. Bacterial vaginosis was 67% in the main group versus 14% in the control group. The risk of miscarriage, premature birth in the main group is 20% compared with the control group of 4%. Premature rupture of membranes was observed in 33% of women in the main group against 16% in the control group. Conclusions. The threat of abortion occurred in women of the main group (46%), which is 1.7 times more often than in the control group (26%). Oligohydramnios was observed in (13%) of the main group, which is 1.6 times more than in the control group (8%). Preeclampsia occurred 2 times more often in the main group (12%) than in the control group (6%). FGR occurred 1.7 times more often in the main group (10%) than in the control group (6%). Placental dysfunction was 1.25 times more common in the main group (20%) than in the control group (16%). A high percentage of bacterial vaginosis (67%) was observed in patients of the main group, which is 4.8 times higher than in the control group (14%). The risk of miscarriage, premature birth in the main group was higher (20%) and was observed 5 times more often than in the control group (4%). Premature rupture of membranes is observed in (33%) women in the main group, which is 2 times higher than in the control group (16%). Keywords: sexually transmitted infections (STIs), pregnancy, childbirth.

scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF RENAL DYSFUNCTIONS IN CRITICALLY ILL FULL - TERM NEWBORNS

2015 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
A. Babintseva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perinatal Pathology ◽  
Term Newborns

Introduction. Full - term newborns with clinical signs of severe perinatal pathology constitute a high risk group of the formation of urinary system functional disorders, the diagnostic of which in the early neonatal period is complicated. Objective of the research was to study the condition of renal functions in critically ill full - term newborns during the first week of their life by means of detection of specific biomarkers level in the blood serum and urine. Materials and methods. A comprehensive clinical - paraclinical examination of 36 critically ill newborns (the main group) and 37 conditionally healthy newborns (the control group) has been conducted. Laboratory methods ofexamination included detection of the levels of creatinine, urea, sodium and potassium ions in the blood and urine, as well as protein, albumin, immunoglobulin G, a - - microglobulinand $ - microglobulinin urine. Results and discussion. The neonates of the main group as compared to the control one presented statistically significant higher levels of creatinine (р<0,01) and urea (р<0,001) in the blood serum against the ground of lower glomerular filtration rate (р<0,05) and the level ofpotassium ions (р<0,01); in the urine — statistically significant lower level of creatinine (р<0,01), higher levels of urea (р<0,001) and sodium ions (р<0,05). Evaluation of urineproteinogramin the main group of newborns as compared to the control group enabled to find statistically significant higher levels of protein (р<0,01), albumin (р<0,01), immunoglobulin G (р<0,05), a - - microglobulin (р<0,01), $ - - microglobulin (р<0,01). Conclusions. Critically ill full - term newborns with perinatal pathology receiving treatment in the Intensive Care Unit are under conditions of a complex influence of potentially nephrotoxic factors (hypoxia, reoxygenation - reperfusion, infection, artificial lung ventilation, infusion, inotropic, transfusion and antibacterial therapy). Severity of general condition, morpho - functional immaturity of the organism, multiple organ failure due to underlying perinatal pathology “obscure” renal symptoms and complicate the diagnostics of renal function disorders. The biochemical changes found in critically ill newborns require timely diagnostics to correct therapeutic measures on the stage of intensive therapy with the aim to prevent the development of severe renal pathology and chronic renal failure in future.

scholarly journals MODERN CONDITION OF THE PROBLEM OF THE PREMATURE RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES DURING FULL-TERM PREGNANCY (REVIEW OF LITERATURE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-193
Author(s):  
V. V Astafev ◽  
S. V Nazarova ◽  
A. D Li ◽  
N. M Podzolkova
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Clinical Recommendations ◽  
Modern Condition

Premature rupture of membranes (PRM) during full-term pregnancy is a common obstetric complication. Childbirths on the background of PRM are accompanied by an increase in the frequency of the operative deliveries, as well as various obstetric complications. However, for all the diversity of tactics, techniques, clinical recommendations devoted to actions of a doctor in the management of PRM patients, the question of their choice depends on many factors. For more than 20 years of studying the PRM problem, a technique for preparing the cervix, providing 100% result has not been developed. With all the variety of choice of methods, none of them is devoid of shortcomings (contraindications to the use, cost-effectiveness, compliance of the patient, etc.). In this regard, the optimal choice of the tactics of labor in PRM cases is the insurance of the preservation of the health of the future generation.

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