scholarly journals Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease: New Hope for Dealing with Aging in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hangtian Wang ◽  
Guofu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has become a major issue around world, including China. The two major challenges for AD are the difficulty in early detection and poor treatment outcomes. Over the past decades, artificial intelligence (AI) was more and more widely used in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of AD, which might be helpful to deal with the aging of population in China. Here, after a systematic literature searching on three English databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane library), we briefly reviewed recent progress on the utilization of AI in the susceptibility analysis, diagnosis and management of AD. However, it is still in its infancy. More researches should be performed to improve the prognosis of patients with AD in the future.

scholarly journals Analysis the Link between Periodontal Diseases and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9312
Author(s):  
Leslie Borsa ◽  
Margaux Dubois ◽  
Guillaume Sacco ◽  
Laurence Lupi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Cochrane Library

The hypothesis of an infectious connection from the oro-pharyngeal sphere to the brain underlines the interest in analyzing the link between periodontal disease and Alzheimer’s disease. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the link between Alzheimer’s disease and periodontal disease in patients aged 65 and over. Databases (PubMed (MEDLINE), the Cochrane Library, and Embase) were analyzed for relevant references up to 21 June 2021. The authors independently selected the studies and extracted the data. The quality of included studies was checked using the National Institutes of Health’s quality assessment tools. Five studies were included. The selected studies described in their results an increase in F. nucleatum in Alzheimer’s disease patients (adjusted p = 0.02), and its incidence was linked to C. rectus and P. gingivalis (adjusted HR = 1.22 (1.04–1.43), p = 0.012) as well as A. naeslundii (crude HR = 2.0 (1.1–3.8)). The presence of periodontitis at baseline was associated with a six-fold increase in the rate of cognitive decline over a 6-month follow-up period (ADAS-Cog mean change = 2.9 ± 6.6). The current review suggests an association between periodontal disease and Alzheimer’s disease. The treatment of periodontal disease could be a way to explore Alzheimer’s disease prevention.

scholarly journals YKL-40 as a Potential Biomarker for the Differential Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Ioannis Mavroudis ◽  
Rumana Chowdhury ◽  
Foivos Petridis ◽  
Eleni Karantali ◽  
Symela Chatzikonstantinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, associated with extensive neuronal loss, dendritic and synaptic changes resulting in significant cognitive impairment. An increased number of studies have given rise to the neuroinflammatory hypothesis in AD. It is widely accepted that AD brains show chronic inflammation, probably triggered by the presence of insoluble amyloid beta deposits and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and is also related to the activation of neuronal death cascade. In the present study we aimed to investigate the role of YKL-40 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the diagnosis of AD, and to discuss whether there are further potential roles of this protein in the management and treatment of AD. We conducted an online search on PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library databases from 1990 to 2021. The quantitative analysis showed that the levels of YKL-40 were significantly higher in Alzheimer’s disease compared to controls, to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) AD (MCI-AD) and to stable MCI. They were also increased in MCI-AD compared to stable MCI. The present study shows that the CSF levels of YKL-40 could be potentially used as a biomarker for the prognosis of mild cognitive impairment and the likelihood of progression to AD, as well as for the differential diagnosis between AD and MCI.

scholarly journals Using the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative to improve early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of Alzheimer's disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dallas P. Veitch ◽  
Michael W. Weiner ◽  
Paul S. Aisen ◽  
Laurel A. Beckett ◽  
Charles DeCarli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment

scholarly journals Prospective memory in Alzheimer's disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia Spíndola ◽  
Sonia Maria Dozzi Brucki
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Key Terms

Abstract Prospective memory (PM) is defined as remembering to carry out intended actions at an appropriate point in the future, and can be categorized into three types of situation: time-, event-, and activity-based tasks. PM involves brain structures such as frontal and medial temporal cortices. The aim of this study was to review the currently available literature on PM in Alzheimer's disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment patients. We performed a search on Pubmed, Medline, ScieLO, LILACS and the Cochrane Library electronic databases from January 1990 to December 2010. The key terms used were: prospective memory, memory for intentions, delayed memory and memory for future actions, separately and also combined with the search terms dementia, Alzheimer's disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. Both patient groups showed significant impairment in PM. Further studies are needed to verify the accuracy of PM tasks as an early marker of mild cognitive impairment, and initial dementia.

scholarly journals Recent Progress in Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Part 3: Diagnosis and Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis T. Hane ◽  
Morgan Robinson ◽  
Brenda Y. Lee ◽  
Owen Bai ◽  
Zoya Leonenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Disease Research

scholarly journals The Association between 5HT2A T102C and Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Tang ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Yiwei Chen ◽  
Lianghui Chen ◽  
Shui Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Serotonin Receptor ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

The serotonin receptor gene (5-HT2A) has been reported to be a susceptible factor in behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, previous results were conflicting. We aim to investigate the association of 5-HT2A T102C with BPSD in AD using a meta-analysis. Studies were collected using PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library databases, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Embase. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess associations. Nine studies with 1899 AD patients with/without BPSD were included in this meta-analysis. The 102C and CC genotypes were associated with psychosis in AD (102C: p<0.00001, OR [95% CI] = 3.19 [2.12–4.79]; CC: p<0.00001, OR [95% CI] = 7.24 [3.60–14.59]). The TT genotype was significantly associated with hallucinations, aberrant motor behavior, and psychosis in AD (hallucinations: p=0.001, OR [95% CI] = 0.52 [0.36–0.77]; aberrant motor behavior: p=0.03, OR [95% CI] = 0.58 [0.35–0.95]; and psychosis: p=0.002, OR [95% CI] = 0.34 [0.17–0.67]). No association was observed between T102C alleles or genotypes and delusions, agitation/aggression, depression, and apathy (p>0.05). Thus, the 5HT2A T102C might be a susceptible factor for hallucinations, aberrant motor behavior, and psychosis in AD. The potential mechanism of this polymorphism in BPSD in AD requires further exploration.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors on Cognitive Function in Alzheimer’s Disease. Review of Reviews

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1689
Author(s):  
Marta Pérez-Gómez Moreta ◽  
Natalia Burgos-Alonso ◽  
María Torrecilla ◽  
José Marco-Contelles ◽  
Cristina Bruzos-Cidón
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Global Status ◽  
Review Of Reviews ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Improve Patient

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia over the age of 65. It is estimated that 115.4 million people will be affected by AD by 2050. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEI) are the only available and approved treatment for AD. The aim of the present study was to analyse the evidence on the efficacy of the AChEI in the treatment of cognitive symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. For that purpose, a review of review of the systematic reviews (SRs) on this topic was carried out by Web of Science, PubMed, and The Cochrane Library, among others, were searched until 24 September 2021. Thirteen of the 1773 articles evaluated the efficacy of AChEI on cognitive function and/or general condition and/or behavioural disturbances of patients with mild to moderate AD. Methodological quality and risk of bias were rated using the ROBIS scale. The quality of the identified studies was high for nine of them, unclear for two, and finally only in two of the 13 studies did we detect low quality. Overall, AChEI showed very low efficacy in improving cognition in patients with mild to moderate AD. Better results were obtained in improving global state, with donepezil being the most effective treatment. No improvements in behavioural disturbances were found. Few high-quality reviews provide clear evidence of the effects of AChEI on cognition, global change, behaviour, and mortality. The data suggest that AChEI stabilize or slow cognitive deterioration, improving global status. In addition, data indicate that the use of AChEI decreases mortality in patients with mild to moderate AD. However, there is no evidence that they improve patient behaviour. Donepezil is the best therapeutic alternative at a dose of 10 mg/day.

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