scholarly journals Analysis of Occupational Hazard Factors and Control Measures at a Shoe Factory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suping Lu ◽  
Liping Zhou ◽  
Hai Zhang ◽  
Yuchao Feng ◽  
Kunpeng Zhong ◽  
...  

Shoe factory workers are exposed to many kinds of occupational hazard factors, including organic solvents, dust and noise. In order to prevent and control occupational diseases and protect the health of workers, the situation of occupational harmful factors in production site of shoe factory was investigated. The concentrations of toxic substances in air were measured. The results showed that benzene, toluene, ethylene dichloride and noise exceeded the standards by 13.0%, 8.7%, 26.1% and 8.7%, respectively. The effect of occupational hazards management and control is poor, and the qualified rate of monitoring in workplaces is low. The employers should strengthen the management and control of benzene series, dust and noise in the workplace to reduce the health hazards to workers.

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
Sunday O Popoola ◽  
Olabode O Akintoye ◽  
Olagoke O Erinomo ◽  
Oyesanmi A. Fabunmi ◽  
Samuel A Dada

Exposure to toxic substances including embalming chemicals was established as health hazard depending on specific properties of contaminant, exposure situations and individual’s health status. Health hazards from embalming practices amongst a fraction of licenced embalmers were investigated: auditing safety and comfortability in embalmment, demonstration of respiratory occupational health hazards and analysis of basic precautionary measures in embalmment. Study conducted in hospitals’ mortuaries and anatomic laboratories. A proforma designed for collection of data was categorized into 4-sections: socio-demographics; mortuary design; pre-employment assessment; and respiratory function. Mortuaries/anatomic laboratories across Ekiti, Nigeria were scheduled by a team of investigators administering proforma on each centre and individuals involved. Controls were drawn from other workers outside embalming/anatomy departments of same institution. Data collated and analysed with statistical-significance as p<0.05. Sixty-eight workers participated with 34 each for case and control. Embalmers’ highest age-group (18-44years) constituted 17(50.0%). Religion: Christianity 31(91.2%) and Islam 3(8.8%). Education: primary 6(17.6%); secondary 14(41.2%) and tertiary 14(41.2%). Respiratory rates, forced expiratory volumes within 1-second and maximum voluntary volumes were statistically-significant while relative differences were observed in tidal volumes. Concordance test (p>0.05) showed inter-dependency amongst the parameters assessing respiratory function. Embalmment was dreadful on respiration of embalmers by deranging lung volumes. Approximative 6% of embalmers developed obstructive respiratory lesion equated to a disaster. Embalming centres in this locality, perhaps, Nigeria at large were rated low due to myriad of unwarranted exposure to embalming fluids. Standard and well-equipped mortuaries/anatomic laboratories were recommended in reducing to the barest minimum: dreadful effects of embalming chemicals, typically, Formaldehyde.   La exposición a sustancias tóxicas, incluidos los productos químicos de embalsamamiento, se estableció como un peligro para la salud dependiendo de las propiedades específicas de los contaminantes, las situaciones de exposición y el estado de salud del individuo. Se investigaron los riesgos para la salud de las prácticas de embalsamamiento entre una fracción de los embalsamadores autorizados: auditar la seguridad y la comodidad en el embalsamamiento, la demostración de los riesgos de salud ocupacional respiratoria y el análisis de las medidas de precaución básicas en el embalsamamiento. Estudio realizado en mortuorios y laboratorios anatómicos de hospitales. Un formulario diseñado para la recopilación de datos se clasificó en 4 secciones: sociodemográficas; diseño mortuorio; evaluación previa al empleo; y función respiratoria. Los laboratorios de anatomía / mortuorios en Ekiti, Nigeria, fueron programados por un equipo de investigadores que administraban proforma en cada centro e individuos involucrados. Los controles se obtuvieron de otros trabajadores fuera de los departamentos de embalsamamiento / anatomía de la misma institución. Datos recopilados y analizados con significación estadística como p <0,05. Sesenta y ocho trabajadores participaron con 34 cada uno por caso y control. El grupo de edad más alto de los embalsamadores (18-44 años) constituía 17 (50.0%). Religión: Cristianismo 31 (91,2%) e Islam 3 (8,8%). Educación: primaria 6 (17,6%); secundaria 14 (41,2%) y terciaria 14 (41,2%). Las tasas respiratorias, los volúmenes espiratorios forzados dentro de 1 segundo y los volúmenes voluntarios máximos fueron estadísticamente significativos, mientras que se observaron diferencias relativas en los volúmenes corrientes. La prueba de concordancia (p> 0.05) mostró interdependencia entre los parámetros que evalúan la función respiratoria. El embalsamamiento fue terrible en la respiración de los embalsamadores al alterar los volúmenes pulmonares. Aproximadamente el 6% de los embalsamadores desarrollaron una lesión respiratoria obstructiva equivalente a un desastre. Los centros de embalsamamiento en esta localidad, tal vez, Nigeria en general, recibieron una calificación baja debido a la miríada de exposición injustificada a los fluidos de embalsamamiento. Se recomendaron laboratorios mortuorios / anatómicos estándar y bien equipados para reducir al mínimo lo más mínimo posible: los terribles efectos de los productos químicos de embalsamamiento, por lo general, formaldehído.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Weihai Han ◽  
Youlin Xu ◽  
Zhenfeng Wang

In recent years, with the increasing level of mechanization, automation, and intelligence in mine mining, dust pollution in the working environment of coal mines has become increasingly serious. Coal mine dust prevention is an important work related to the life, health, and production safety of miners, and it is also one of the technical problems of mine safety in production. With the continuous revision and improvement of China′s Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Law, coal mining enterprises have generally strengthened the publicity, prevention, and control of occupational diseases among employees, and the control of coal mine dust has been used as a means for enterprises to improve the production environment and strengthen the occupational health of employees. Key work-based studies have shown that China’s coal mines have formed a theoretical system and technology system of dust prevention and control. In the future, China’s coal mines will start from intelligent dust prevention, achieve high-precision dust sensing-transmission-assessment and early warning, and develop a combined dust collector that integrates the functions of atomization dust removal, miniaturization, dry and wet mixing, and large air suction capacity. The combined dust collector realizes the efficient ventilation control and dust removal of the fine dust in wide-area complex spaces such as fully mechanized mining face and fully mechanized mining face. At the same time, breakthroughs have been achieved in low-permeability coal seams, such as strong hydraulic permeability-enhancing technology, intelligent dust-proof robots, and chemical dust suppression. This article introduces the basic concepts, generation, distribution, and hazards of coal mine dust and analyzes the characteristics, applicable conditions, and use effects of various dust control measures such as ventilation dust removal and wet dust removal. Moreover, this article also proposes specific prevention and control measures for related occupational diseases and discusses the development trend of dust prevention and control technology in the hope of providing guidance and reference for coal mine dust prevention and control.


2020 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Irina A. Piterskikh ◽  
Svetlana V. Vikhrova ◽  
Nina G. Kovaleva ◽  
Tatyana O. Barynskaya

Certified reference materials (CRM) composed of propyl (11383-2019) and isopropyl (11384-2019) alcohols solutions were created for validation of measurement procedures and control of measurement errors of measurement results of mass concentrations of toxic substances (alcohol) in biological objects (urine, blood) and water. Two ways of establishing the value of the certified characteristic – mass consentration of propanol-1 or propanol-2 have been studied. The results obtained by the preparation procedure and comparison with the standard are the same within the margin of error.


Author(s):  
Y. Arockia Suganthi ◽  
Chitra K. ◽  
J. Magelin Mary

Dengue fever is a painful mosquito-borne infection caused by different types of virus in various localities of the world. There is no particular medicine or vaccine to treat person suffering from dengue fever. Dengue viruses are transmitted by the bite of female Aedes (Ae) mosquitoes. Dengue fever viruses are mainly transmitted by Aedes which can be active in tropical or subtropical climates. Aedes Aegypti is the key step to avoid infection transmission to save millions of people in all over the world. This paper provides a standard guideline in the planning of dengue prevention and control measures. At the same time gives the priorities including clinical management and hospitalized dengue patients have to address essentially.


1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
R. L. Williamson

The American approach to environmental regulation is characterized by fragmentation of responsibilities, primary reliance on command and control regulations, extraordinary complexity, a preference for identifiable standards, and heavy resort to litigation. This system has provided important benefits, including significant reduction of environmental contamination, substantial use of science in decision-making, broad participatory rights, and the stimulation of new treatment technologies. However, these gains have been achieved at excessive cost. Too much reliance is placed on command and control methods and especially on technology-based standards. There is too much resort to litigation, and inadequate input from science. Participatory rights are being undermined, and there is a poor allocation of decision-making among the federal agencies and the states. Over-regulation sometimes leads to under-regulation, and insufficient attention is given to the impact on small entities. The responsibility for these difficulties rests with everyone, including the federal agencies, the Congress, the general public and the courts. Changes in the regulatory system are needed. We should abandon the use of technology-based standards to control toxic substances under the Clean Water Act in favor of strong health- and environmentally based standards, coupled with taxes on toxic substances in wastewater.


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