Examination of the relation between red blood cell aggregation and hematocrit in human and various experimental animals

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Barbara Barath ◽  
Viktoria Somogyi ◽  
Bence Tanczos ◽  
Adam Varga ◽  
Zsuzsanna Bereczky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Species Differences ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Light Reflection ◽  
Reflection Method ◽  
Transmission Method ◽  
Autologous Plasma ◽  
Rbc Aggregation

BACKGROUND: Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation plays an important role in the physiological processes of the microcirculation. The complete mechanism of aggregation is still unclear, and it is influenced by several cellular and plasmatic factors. One of these factors is the hematocrit (Hct). OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that the relation of RBC aggregation and Hct differs between species. METHODS: From anticoagulated blood samples of healthy volunteers, rats, dogs, and pigs, 20, 40, and 60 %Hct RBC, autologous plasma suspensions were prepared. Hematological parameters and RBC aggregation was determined by light-transmission and light-reflection method. RESULTS: Suspensions at 20%and 60%Hct expressed lower RBC aggregation than of 40%Hct suspensions, showing inter-species differences. By curve fitting the Hct at the highest aggregation value differed in species (human: 45.25%- M 5 s, 40.86%- amp;rat: 44.44 %- M1 10 s, 39.37%- amp; dog: 42.48%- M 5 s, 44.29%- amp; pig: 47.63%- M 5 s, 52.8%- amp). CONCLUSION: RBC aggregation - hematocrit relation shows inter-species differences. Human blood was found to be the most sensitive for hematocrit changes. The more obvious differences could be detected by M 5 s by light-transmission method and amplitude parameter using light-reflection method.

Nitric oxide generation by endothelial cells exposed to shear stress in glass tubes perfused with red blood cell suspensions: role of aggregation

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (5) ◽  
pp. H2098-H2105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozlem Yalcin ◽  
Pinar Ulker ◽  
Ugur Yavuzer ◽  
Herbert J. Meiselman ◽  
Oguz K. Baskurt
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Autologous Plasma ◽  
Rbc Aggregation

Endothelial function is modulated by wall shear stress acting on the vessel wall, which is determined by fluid velocity and the local viscosity near the vessel wall. Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation may affect the local viscosity by favoring axial migration. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of RBC aggregation, with or without altered plasma viscosity, in the mechanically induced nitric oxide (NO)-related mechanisms of endothelial cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured on the inner surface of cylindrical glass capillaries that were perfused with RBC suspensions having normal and increased aggregation at a nominal shear stress of 15 dyn/cm2. RBC aggregation was enhanced by two different approaches: 1) poloxamer-coated RBC suspended in normal, autologous plasma, resulting in enhanced aggregation but unchanged plasma viscosity and 2) normal RBC suspended in autologous plasma containing 0.5% dextran (mol mass 500 kDa), with a similar level of RBC aggregation but higher plasma viscosity. Compared with normal cells in unmodified plasma, perfusion with suspensions of poloxamer-coated RBC in normal plasma resulted in decreased levels of NO metabolites and serine 1177 phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Perfusion with normal RBC in plasma containing dextran resulted in a NO level that remained elevated, whereas only a modest decrease of phosphorylated eNOS level was observed. The results of this study suggest that increases of RBC aggregation tendency affect endothelial cell functions by altering local blood composition, especially if the alterations of RBC aggregation are due to modified cellular properties and not to plasma composition changes.

scholarly journals Peripartum Investigation of Red Blood Cell Properties in Women Diagnosed with Early-Onset Preeclampsia

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2714
Author(s):  
Beata Csiszar ◽  
Gergely Galos ◽  
Simone Funke ◽  
Dora Kinga Kevey ◽  
Matyas Meggyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Erythrocyte Aggregation ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Aggregation Index ◽  
Rbc Aggregation ◽  
Early Onset Preeclampsia ◽  
Gestational Age At Birth

We investigated peripartum maternal red blood cell (RBC) properties in early-onset preeclampsia (PE). Repeated blood samples were taken prospectively for hemorheological measurements at PE diagnosis (n = 13) or during 26–34 weeks of gestation in healthy pregnancies (n = 24), then at delivery, and 72 h postpartum. RBC aggregation was characterized by M index (infrared light transmission between the aggregated RBCs in stasis) and aggregation index (AI—laser backscattering from the RBC aggregates). We observed significantly elevated RBC aggregation (M index = 9.8 vs. 8.5; AI = 72.9% vs. 67.5%; p < 0.001) and reduced RBC deformability in PE (p < 0.05). A positive linear relationship was observed between AI and gestational age at birth in PE by regression analysis (R2 = 0.554; p = 0.006). ROC analysis of AI showed an AUC of 0.84 (0.68–0.99) (p = 0.001) for PE and indicated a cutoff of 69.4% (sensitivity = 83.3%; specificity = 62.5%), while M values showed an AUC of 0.75 (0.58–0.92) (p = 0.019) and indicated a cutoff of 8.39 (sensitivity = 90.9% and specificity = 50%). The predicted probabilities from the combination of AI and M variables showed increased AUC = 0.90 (0.79–1.00) (p < 0.001). Our results established impaired microcirculation in early-onset PE manifesting as deteriorated maternal RBC properties. The longer the pathologic pregnancy persists, the more pronounced the maternal erythrocyte aggregation. AI and M index could help in the prognostication of early-onset PE, but further investigations are warranted to confirm the prognostic role before the onset of symptoms.

Detection and characterization of red blood cell (RBC) aggregation with photoacoustics

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eno Hysi ◽  
Ratan K. Saha ◽  
Min Rui ◽  
Michael C. Kolios
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Rbc Aggregation

scholarly journals Reference intervals for hematology test parameters from apparently healthy individuals in southwest Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205031211880762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lealem Gedefaw Bimerew ◽  
Tesfaye Demie ◽  
Kaleab Eskinder ◽  
Aklilu Getachew ◽  
Shiferaw Bekele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: Clinical laboratory reference intervals are an important tool to identify abnormal laboratory test results. The generating of hematological parameters reference intervals for local population is very crucial to improve quality of health care, which otherwise may lead to unnecessary expenditure or denying care for the needy. There are no well-established reference intervals for hematological parameters in southwest Ethiopia. Objective: To generate hematological parameters reference intervals for apparently healthy individuals in southwest Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted involving 883 individuals from March to May 2017. Four milliliter of blood sample was collected and transported to Jimma University Medical Center Laboratory for hematological analysis and screening tests. A hematological parameters were measured by Sysmex XS-500i hematology analyzer (Sysmex Corporation Kobe, Japan). The data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 statistical software. The non-parametric independent Kruskal–Wallis test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test (Mann–Whitney U test) were used to compare the parameters between age groups and genders. The 97.5 percentile and 2.5 percentile were the upper and lower reference limit for the population. Results: The reference interval of red blood cell, white blood cell, and platelet count in children were 4.99 × 1012/L (4.26–5.99 × 1012/L), 7.04 × 109/L (4.00–11.67 × 109/L), and 324.00 × 109/L (188.00–463.50 × 109/L), respectively. The reference interval of red blood cell, white blood cell, and platelet count in adults was 5.19 × 1012/L (4.08–6.33 × 1012/L), 6.35 × 109/L (3.28–11.22 × 109/L), and 282.00 × 109/L (172.50–415.25 × 109/L), respectively. The reference interval of red blood cell, white blood cell, and platelet count in geriatrics were 5.02 × 1012/L (4.21–5.87 × 1012/L), 6.21 × 109/L (3.33–10.03 × 109/L), and 265.50 × 109/L (165.53–418.80 × 109/L), respectively. Most of the hematological parameters showed significant differences across all age groups. Conclusion: Most of the hematological parameters in this study showed differences from similar studies done in the country. This study provided population-specific hematological reference interval for southwest Ethiopians. Reference intervals should also be established in the other regions of the country.

scholarly journals Red Blood Cell Aggregation-Associated Dietary Pattern Predicts Hyperlipidemia and Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Lin ◽  
Chun-Chao Chang ◽  
Kuo-Ching Yuan ◽  
Hsing-Jung Yeh ◽  
Sheng-Uei Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Reduced Rank Regression ◽  
Rbc Aggregation

Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation and iron status are interrelated and strongly influenced by dietary factors, and their alterations pose a great risk of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Currently, RBC aggregation-related dietary patterns remain unclear. This study investigated the dietary patterns that were associated with RBC aggregation and their predictive effects on hyperlipidemia and MetS. Anthropometric and blood biochemical data and food frequency questionnaires were collected from 212 adults. Dietary patterns were derived using reduced rank regression from 32 food groups. Adjusted linear regression showed that hepcidin, soluble CD163, and serum transferrin saturation (%TS) independently predicted RBC aggregation (all p < 0.01). Age-, sex-, and log-transformed body mass index (BMI)-adjusted prevalence rate ratio (PRR) showed a significant positive correlation between RBC aggregation and hyperlipidemia (p-trend < 0.05). RBC aggregation and iron-related dietary pattern scores (high consumption of noodles and deep-fried foods and low intake of steamed, boiled, and raw food, dairy products, orange, red, and purple vegetables, white and light-green vegetables, seafood, and rice) were also significantly associated with hyperlipidemia (p-trend < 0.05) and MetS (p-trend = 0.01) after adjusting for age, sex, and log-transformed BMI. Our results may help dieticians develop dietary strategies for preventing dyslipidemia and MetS.

Modulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression by red blood cell aggregation

2004 ◽  
Vol 286 (1) ◽  
pp. H222-H229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oguz K. Baskurt ◽  
Ozlem Yalcin ◽  
Sadi Ozdem ◽  
Jonathan K. Armstrong ◽  
Herbert J. Meiselman
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Vascular Control ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Rbc Aggregation ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

The effects of enhanced red blood cell (RBC) aggregation on nitric oxide (NO)-dependent vascular control mechanisms have been investigated in a rat exchange transfusion model. RBC aggregation for cells in native plasma was increased via a novel method using RBCs covalently coated with a 13-kDa poloxamer copolymer (Pluronic F-98); control experiments used RBCs coated with a nonaggregating 8.4-kDa poloxamer (Pluronic F-68). Rats exchange transfused with aggregating RBC suspensions demonstrated significantly enhanced RBC aggregation throughout the 5-day follow-up period, with mean arterial blood pressure increasing gradually over this period. Arterial segments (≈300 μm in diameter) were isolated from gracilis muscle on the fifth day and mounted between two glass micropipettes in a special chamber equipped with pressure servo-control system. Dose-dependent dilation by ACh and flow-mediated dilation of arterial segments pressurized to 30 mmHg and preconstricted to 45–55% of the original diameter by phenylephrine were significantly blunted in rats with enhanced RBC aggregation. Both responses were totally abolished by nonspecific NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor ( Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester) treatment of arterial segments, indicating that the responses were NO related. Additionally, expression of endothelial NOS protein was found to be decreased in muscle samples obtained from rats exchanged with aggregating cell suspensions. These results imply that enhanced RBC aggregation results in suppressed expression of NO synthesizing mechanisms, thereby leading to altered vasomotor tonus; the mechanisms involved most likely relate to decreased wall shear stresses due to decreased blood flow and/or increased axial accumulation of RBCs.

Species differences in red blood cell phosphatides separated by column and paper chromatography

1958 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph C. Turner ◽  
Helen M. Anderson ◽  
Charles P. Gandal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Species Differences

Effects of swimming exercise on red blood cell rheology in trained and untrained rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 2074-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozlem Yalcin ◽  
Melek Bor-Kucukatay ◽  
Umit K. Senturk ◽  
Oguz K. Baskurt
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Swimming Exercise ◽  
Aggregation Index ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Cell Rheology ◽  
Transient Impairment ◽  
Rbc Aggregation

Red blood cell (RBC) mechanical properties were investigated after swimming exercise in trained and untrained rats. A group of rats was trained for 6 wk (60 min swimming, daily), and another group was kept sedentary. Blood samples were obtained either within 5 min or 24 h after 60 min swimming in both groups. In the untrained rats, the RBC aggregation index decreased to 2.60 ± 0.4 immediately after exercise from a control value of 6.73 ± 0.18 ( P < 0.01), whereas it increased to 13.13 ± 0.66 after 24 h ( P < 0.01). RBC transit time through 5-μm pores increased to 3.53 ± 0.16 ms within 5 min after the exercise from a control value of 2.19 ± 0.07 ms ( P < 0.005). A very significant enhancement (166%) in RBC lipid peroxidation was detected only after 24 h. In the trained group, the alterations in all these parameters were attenuated; there was a slight, transient impairment in RBC deformability (transit time = 2.64 ± 0.13 ms), and lipid peroxidation was found to be unchanged. These findings suggest that training can significantly limit the hemorheological alterations related to a given bout of exercise. Whether this effect is secondary to the training-induced reduction in the degree of metabolic and/or hormonal perturbation remains to be determined.

Effects of red blood cell aggregation on myocardial hematocrit gradient using two approaches to increase aggregation

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (2) ◽  
pp. H765-H771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozlem Yalcin ◽  
Funda Aydin ◽  
Pinar Ulker ◽  
Mehmet Uyuklu ◽  
Firat Gungor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Covalent Attachment ◽  
Erythrocyte Aggregation ◽  
Rbc Aggregation ◽  
A New Technique

The normal transmyocardial tissue hematocrit distribution (i.e., subepicardial greater than subendocardial) is known to be affected by red blood cell (RBC) aggregation. Prior studies employing the use of infused large macromolecules to increase erythrocyte aggregation are complicated by both increased plasma viscosity and dilution of plasma. Using a new technique to specifically alter the aggregation behavior by covalent attachment of Pluronic F-98 to the surface of the RBC, we have determined the effects of only enhanced aggregation (i.e., Pluronic F-98-coated RBCs) versus enhanced aggregation with increased plasma viscosity (i.e., an addition of 500 kDa dextran) on myocardial tissue hematocrit in rapidly frozen guinea pig hearts. Although both approaches equally increased aggregation, tissue hematocrit profiles differed markedly: 1) when Pluronic F-98-coated cells were used, the normal transmyocardial gradient was abolished, and 2) when dextran was added, the hematocrit remained at subepicardial levels for about one-half the thickness of the myocardium and then rapidly decreased to the control level in the subendocardial layer. Our results indicate that myocardial hematocrit profiles are sensitive to both RBC aggregation and to changes of plasma viscosity associated with increased RBC aggregation. Furthermore, they suggest the need for additional studies to explore the mechanisms affecting RBC distribution in three-dimensional vascular beds.

scholarly journals Photoacoustic ultrasound spectroscopy for assessing red blood cell aggregation and oxygenation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Kolios
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Frequency Domain Analysis ◽  
Spectral Slope ◽  
Spectral Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Saturation Level ◽  
Oxygenation Level ◽  
Rbc Aggregation

Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation and oxygenation are important markers for a variety of blood disorders. No current technique is capable of simultaneously measuring aggregation/oxygenation levels noninvasively. We propose using photoacoustic ultrasound spectroscopy (PAUS) for assessing both phenomena. This technique relies on frequency-domain analysis of the PA signals by extracting parameters such as the ultrasound spectral slope and the midband fit. To investigate the effect of hematocrit, aggregation, and oxygenation levels on PAUS parameters, a Monte Carlo-based theoretical model and an experimental protocol using porcine RBCs were developed. The samples were illuminated at 750 and 1064 nm and changes in the PAUS parameters were compared to the oxygen-dependent optical absorption coefficients to assess the oxygenation level. Good agreement between the theoretical and experimental spectral parameters was obtained for the spectral slope of the nonaggregated spectra (∼0.3  dB/MHz∼0.3  dB/MHz). The experimental midband fit increased by ∼5  dB∼5  dB for the largest aggregate size. Based on the analysis of the PA signals, the oxygen saturation level of the most aggregated sample was >20%>20% greater than the nonaggregated sample. The results provide a framework for using PA signals’ spectroscopic parameters for monitoring the aggregation and oxygenation levels of RBCs.

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