Naïve Bayes classifier enabled home energy management scheme for cost-effective end-user comfort

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 403-413
Author(s):  
M. Firdouse Ali Khan ◽  
Ganesh Kumar Chellamani ◽  
Premanand Venkatesh Chandramani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pattern Generation ◽  
Home Appliances ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Home Energy Management ◽  
Maximum Comfort ◽  
The Cost ◽  
User Comfort

Under demand response enabled demand-side management, the home energy management (HEM) schemes schedule appliances for balancing both energy and demand within a residence. This scheme enables the user to achieve either a minimum electricity bill (EB) or maximum comfort. There is always the added burden on a HEM scheme to obtain the least possible EB with comfort. However, if a time window that contains comfortable time slots of the day for an appliance operation, is identified, and if the cost-effective schedule-pattern gets generated from these windows autonomously, then the burden can be reduced. Therefore, this paper proposes a two-level method that can assist the HEM scheme by generating a cost-effective schedule-pattern for scheduling home appliances. The first level uses a classifier to identify the comfortable time window from past ON and OFF events. The second level uses pattern generation algorithms to generate a cost-effective schedule-pattern from the identified window. The generated cost-effective schedule-pattern is applied to a HEM scheme as input to demonstrate the proposed two-level approach. The simulation results exhibit that the proposed approach helps the HEM scheme to schedule home appliances cost-effectively with a satisfactory user-comfort between 90% and 100%.

scholarly journals Development of Home Energy Management Scheme for a Smart Grid Community

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mamun Ur Rashid ◽  
Fabrizio Granelli ◽  
Md. Alamgir Hossain ◽  
Md. Shafiul Alam ◽  
Fahad Saleh Al-Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Home Appliances ◽  
Optimal Power ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Home Energy Management

The steady increase in energy demand for residential consumers requires an efficient energy management scheme. Utility organizations encourage household applicants to engage in residential energy management (REM) system. The utility’s primary goal is to reduce system peak load demand while consumer intends to reduce electricity bills. The benefits of REM can be enhanced with renewable energy sources (RESs), backup battery storage system (BBSS), and optimal power-sharing strategies. This paper aims to reduce energy usages and monetary cost for smart grid communities with an efficient home energy management scheme (HEMS). Normally, the residential consumer deals with numerous smart home appliances that have various operating time priorities depending on consumer preferences. In this paper, a cost-efficient power-sharing technique is developed which works based on priorities of appliances’ operating time. The home appliances are sorted on priority basis and the BBSS are charged and discharged based on the energy availability within the smart grid communities and real time energy pricing. The benefits of optimal power-sharing techniques with the RESs and BBSS are analyzed by taking three different scenarios which are simulated by C++ software package. Extensive case studies are carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed energy management scheme. It is demonstrated that the proposed method can save energy and reduce electricity cost up to 35% and 45% compared to the existing methods.

Supervised electricity tariff prediction using random forest validated through user comfort and constraint for a home energy management scheme

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 745-757
Author(s):  
Ganesh Kumar Chellamani ◽  
M. Firdouse Ali Khan ◽  
Premanand Venkatesh Chandramani
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
End User ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Home Energy Management ◽  
Electricity Tariff ◽  
User Comfort

Day-ahead electricity tariff prediction is advantageous for both consumers and utilities. This article discusses the home energy management (HEM) scheme consisting of an electricity tariff predictor and appliance scheduler. The random forest (RF) technique predicts a short-term electricity tariff for the next 24 hours using the past three months of electricity tariff information. This predictor provides the tariff information to schedule the appliances at the most preferred time slot of a consumer with minimum electricity tariff, aiming high consumer comfort and low electricity bill for consumers. The proposed approach allows a user to be aware of their demand and their comfort. The proposed approach makes use of present-day (D) tariff and immediate previous 30 days (D-1, D-2, ...  , D-30) of tariff information for training achieves minimum error values for next day electricity tariff prediction. The simulation results demonstrate the benefits of the RF approach for tariff prediction by comparing it with the support vector machine (SVM) and decision tree (DT) predicted tariffs against the actual tariff, provided by the utility day-ahead. The outcomes indicate that the RF produces the best results compared to SVM and DT predictions for performance metrics and end-user comfort.

scholarly journals Home Energy Management System Incorporating Heat Pump Using Real Measured Data

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 2937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cao ◽  
O’Rourke ◽  
Lyons ◽  
Han
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
End User ◽  
Energy Management Systems ◽  
Comfort Levels ◽  
Home Energy Management ◽  
The Cost ◽  
User Comfort

The demand for electricity has been rising significantly over the past years and it is expected to rise further in the coming years due to economic and societal development. Smart grid technology is being developed in order to meet the rising electricity requirement. In order for the smart grid to perform its full functions, the Energy Management Systems (EMSs), especially Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) are essential. It is necessary to understand the energy demand of the loads and the energy supply either from the national grid or from renewable energy technologies. To facilitate the Demand Side Management (DSM), Heat Pumps (HP) and air conditioning systems are often utilised for heating and cooling in residential houses due to their high-efficiency power output and low CO2 emissions. This paper presents a program for a HEMS using a Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) algorithm. A HP is used as the load and the aim of the optimisation program is to minimise the operational cost, i.e., the cost of electricity, while maintaining end-user comfort levels. This paper also details an indoor thermal model for temperature update in the heat pump control program. Real measured data from the UK Government’s Renewable Heat Premium Payment (RHPP) scheme was utilised to generate characteristic curves and equations that can represent the data. This paper compares different PSO variants with standard PSO and the unscheduled case calculated from the data for five winter days in 2019. Among all chosen algorithms, the Crossover Subswarm PSO (CSPSO) achieved an average saving of 25.61% compared with the cost calculated from the measured data with a short search time of 1576 ms for each subswarm. It is clear from this work that there is significant scope to reduce the cost of operating a HP while maintaining end user comfort levels.

scholarly journals A Multi-Objective Demand Response Optimization Model for Scheduling Loads in a Home Energy Management System

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclason Veras ◽  
Igor Silva ◽  
Plácido Pinheiro ◽  
Ricardo Rabêlo ◽  
Artur Veloso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Home Appliances ◽  
Home Energy Management ◽  
Energy Consumption Patterns ◽  
Home Appliance ◽  
Home Energy Management System ◽  
The Cost

Demand Response (DR) aims to motivate end consumers to change their energy consumption patterns in response to changes in electricity prices or when the reliability of the electrical power system (EPS) is compromised. Most of the proposals found in the literature only aim at reducing the cost for end consumers. However, this article proposes a home energy management system (HEMS) that aims to schedule the use of each home appliance based on the price of electricity in real-time (RTP) and on the consumer satisfaction/comfort level in order to guarantee the stability and the safety of the EPS. Thus, this paper presents a multi-objective DR optimization model which was formulated as a multi-objective nonlinear programming problem subjected to a set of constraints and was solved using the Non-Dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II), in order to determine the scheduling of home appliances for the time horizon. The multi-objective DR optimization model not only to minimize the cost of electricity consumption but also to reduce the level of inconvenience for residential consumers. Moreover, a priori, it is expected to obtain a more uniform demand with fewer peaks in the system and, potentially, achieving a more reliable and safer EPS operation. Thus, the energy management controller (EMC) within the HEMS determines an optimized schedule for each home appliance through the multi-objective DR model presented in this article, and ensures a more economic scenario for end consumers. In this paper, a performance evaluation of HEMS in 15 Brazilian families between 1 January and 31 December 2016 is presented with different electric energy consumption patterns in the cities of Belém—PA, Teresina—PI, Cuiabá—MT, Florianópolis—SC and São Paulo—SP, with three families per city, located in the regions north, northeast, central west, south and the southeast of Brazil, respectively. In addition, a total of 425 home appliances were used in the simulations. The results show that the HEMS achieved reductions in the cost of electricity for all the Scenarios used while minimally affecting the satisfaction/comfort of the end consumers as well as taking into account all the restrictions. The largest reduction in the total cost of electricity occurred for the couple without children, resident in the city of Teresina—PI; with a drop from US$ 99.31 to US$ 90.72 totaling 8.65% savings in the electricity bill. Therefore, the results confirm that the proposed HEMS effectively improves the operating efficiency of home appliances and reduces electricity costs for end consumers.

scholarly journals QoE-Aware Smart Home Energy Management Considering Renewables and Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingfu Li ◽  
Guan-Yi Li ◽  
Hou-Ren Chen ◽  
Cheng-Wei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Electricity Bill ◽  
Home Energy Management ◽  
Smart Appliance ◽  
User Comfort

To reduce the peak load and electricity bill while preserving the user comfort, a quality of experience (QoE)-aware smart appliance control algorithm for the smart home energy management system (sHEMS) with renewable energy sources (RES) and electric vehicles (EV) was proposed. The proposed algorithm decreases the peak load and electricity bill by deferring starting times of delay-tolerant appliances from peak to off-peak hours, controlling the temperature setting of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), and properly scheduling the discharging and charging periods of an EV. In this paper, the user comfort is evaluated by means of QoE functions. To preserve the user’s QoE, the delay of the starting time of a home appliance and the temperature setting of HVAC are constrained by a QoE threshold. Additionally, to solve the trade-off problem between the peak load/electricity bill reduction and user’s QoE, a fuzzy logic controller for dynamically adjusting the QoE threshold to optimize the user’s QoE was also designed. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed smart appliance control algorithm with a fuzzy-controlled QoE threshold significantly reduces the peak load and electricity bill while optimally preserving the user’s QoE. Compared with the baseline case, the proposed scheme reduces the electricity bill by 65% under the scenario with RES and EV. Additionally, compared with the method of optimal scheduling of appliances in the literature, the proposed scheme achieves much better peak load reduction performance and user’s QoE.

Estimation of Reduced Standby Power in Household Considering Occupancy Information

2013 ◽  
Vol 717 ◽  
pp. 619-624
Author(s):  
Min Goo Lee ◽  
Yong Kuk Park ◽  
Kyung Kwon Jung
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Management System ◽  
The Real ◽  
Home Appliances ◽  
Home Energy Management ◽  
Environmental Sensor ◽  
Standby Power ◽  
Home Energy Management System

In this paper, we measure the standby power of home appliances and then we propose an easy way to reduce standby power of home appliances. For this purpose, this paper presents the home energy management system with a wireless sensor network in real home. Proposed system is composed of wireless plug, occupancy sensor, environmental sensor, home energy control wall pad and EMS server. We evaluated home energy management system in the real house testbed and analyzed energy consumption of home appliances. We confirm that if we tried to reduce the standby power of electrical appliances based on the occupancy of the residents, we could save the power of the real house testbed about 241.7Wh per day, 1.69kWh per week, 7.49kWh per month and 88.2kWh per year.

scholarly journals IoT Operating System Based Fuzzy Inference System for Home Energy Management System in Smart Buildings

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qurat-ul Ain ◽  
Sohail Iqbal ◽  
Safdar Khan ◽  
Asad Malik ◽  
Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Fuzzy Inference System ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Intelligent Sensors ◽  
Home Energy Management ◽  
User Comfort

Energy consumption in the residential sector is 25% of all the sectors. The advent of smart appliances and intelligent sensors have increased the realization of home energy management systems. Acquiring balance between energy consumption and user comfort is in the spotlight when the performance of the smart home is evaluated. Appliances of heating, ventilation and air conditioning constitute up to 64% of energy consumption in residential buildings. A number of research works have shown that fuzzy logic system integrated with other techniques is used with the main objective of energy consumption minimization. However, user comfort is often sacrificed in these techniques. In this paper, we have proposed a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) that uses humidity as an additional input parameter in order to maintain the thermostat set-points according to user comfort. Additionally, we have used indoor room temperature variation as a feedback to proposed FIS in order to get the better energy consumption. As the number of rules increase, the task of defining them in FIS becomes time consuming and eventually increases the chance of manual errors. We have also proposed the automatic rule base generation using the combinatorial method. The proposed techniques are evaluated using Mamdani FIS and Sugeno FIS. The proposed method provides a flexible and energy efficient decision-making system that maintains the user thermal comfort with the help of intelligent sensors. The proposed FIS system requires less memory and low processing power along with the use of sensors, making it possible to be used in the IoT operating system e.g., RIOT. Simulation results validate that the proposed technique reduces energy consumption by 28%.

scholarly journals Energy Optimization in Smart Urban Buildings Using Bio-Inspired Ant Colony Optimization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fakhri Alam Khan ◽  
Kifayat Ullah ◽  
Atta ur Rahman ◽  
Sajid Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Ant Colony Optimization ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Ant Colony ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Energy Management System ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Home Appliances ◽  
Home Energy Management

Abstract Instead of planting new electricity generation units, there is a need to design an efficient energy management system to achieve a normalized trend of power consumption. Smart grid has been evolved as a solution, where Demand Response (DR) strategy is used to modify the nature of demand of consumer. In return, utility pay incentives to the consumer. The increasing load demand in residential area and irregular electricity load profile have encouraged us to propose an efficient Home Energy Management System (HEMS) for optimal scheduling of home appliances. In order to meet the electricity demand of the consumers, the energy consumption pattern of a consumer is maintained through scheduling the appliances in day-ahead and real-time bases. In this paper we propose a hybrid algorithm Bacterial foraging Ant colony optimization is proposed (HB-ACO) which contain both BFA and ACO properties. Primary objectives of scheduling is to shift load from On-peak hour to Off-peak hours to reduce electricity cost and peak to average ratio. A comparison of these algorithms is also presented in terms of performance parameters electricity cost, reduction of PAR and user comfort in term of waiting time. The proposed techniques are evaluated using two pricing scheme time of use and critical peak pricing. The HB-ACO shows better performance as compared to ACO and BFA which is evident from the simulation results Moreover the concept of coordination among home appliances is presented for real time scheduling. We consider this is knapsack problem and solve it through Ant colony optimization algorithm.

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