Vocational rehabilitation on the road to Social Security Disability

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Stapleton ◽  
Frank H. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Wait Time ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Social ◽  
Program Objective ◽  
Rehabilitation Services Administration ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Social Security Disability ◽  
First Time

BACKGROUND: Vocational rehabilitation (VR) can potentially help disability-insured workers stay at work or return to work when they experience a disability. Such assistance could prevent or delay entry into the Social Security Disability (SSD) program. OBJECTIVE: We present descriptive statistics on the extent to which new VR applicants for 1998 through 2005 receive SSD benefits before or after VR application. METHODS: We matched Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA-911) records for the years 1998 through 2009 with the Social Security Administration’s program and earnings files. RESULTS: The analyses show that a substantial number of VR applicants entered SSD in the 60 months following VR application—more than 60,000 (12.3 percent) of the first-time VR applicants in 2002. The analyses also disclose variation in SSD entry across states, with some states accounting for entry percentages twice as high as that of others. We also found a positive relationship between our measure of wait time and entry into SSD. CONCLUSIONS: Although the large number of VR applicants entering SSD after VR application is modest compared to the number receiving an SSD award each year, the potential influence of VR services on later SSD and Medicare expenditures could be in the billions of dollars annually, in either direction.

scholarly journals The Nomadic War Machine in Jack Kerouac’s Vanity of Duluoz and On the Road

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Social ◽  
War Machine ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Post War ◽  
Alter Ego ◽  
Duluoz Legend ◽  
Iconic Figure

This study inquiries into Jack Kerouac’s Vanity of Duluoz (1968) and On the Road (1957) from the perspective of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s nomadic war machine. It shifts from a rigorous scrutiny of Vanity of Duluoz for its general account of the Duluoz legend, Kerouac’s alter ego, to the study of On the Road for its more specific narrative of a certain period in Kerouac’s life. Being an iconic figure of rebellion and non-conformity in capitalist America during the postwar era, Kerouac’s literary works have a certain social and political magnitude that falls within the discourse of deconstructing orthodoxy and dogma. The study elucidates how Kerouac’s characters subvert the social norms and the state’s institutions in order to break free from pre-structured beliefs. The thesis of the article is to corroborate that such non-conformity and insubordination, exemplified in Kerouac’s autobiographical works, align with the nomadic characteristic of Deleuze and Guattari’s war machine. By extension, it aims at presenting Kerouac as the Deleuzeguattarian nomad who creates nomadic characters that deterritorialize post-war America from within.

Not Enough Money: The Resources and Choices of the Motoring Poor

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Froud ◽  
Sukhdev Johal ◽  
Adam Leaver ◽  
Karel Williams
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Car Ownership ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
The Social ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Uk

This paper helps to develop the social aspect of a new agenda for automobile research through focusing on motoring expenditure in the UK by poor households. It moves the social exclusion debate on by going back to Rowntree's 1901 survey, which established that poverty entailed not having enough resources to meet the needs of the household. Rowntree's analysis of primary and secondary poverty is updated here through the focus on the resources and choices of poor households, which incur significant motoring costs as the price of participation. Statistical sources and interviews in Inner and Outer London are used to explore these issues and the analysis shows that the story is one of constraint, sacrifice and precariousness. Car ownership imposes large costs on poor households, which limit other consumption opportunities. Labour market participation may depend on such sacrifices where public transport and local employment opportunities are limited. This locks poor households into a precarious cycle whereby the car is necessary to get to work and the job is necessary to keep the car on the road. Using Rowntree by analogy, the paper argues that, as well as improving public transport provision policy makers must also recognise the problem of poverty.

On the Road to SME Sector Development in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 480-499
Author(s):  
Syed Abidur Rahman ◽  
Noor Hazlina Ahmad ◽  
Seyedeh Khadijeh Taghizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Road ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
On The Road

Entrepreneurship has been deliberated as multidimensional and multidisciplinary study. From the economic point of view entrepreneurship is the central force for economic development for any nation. Scholars and policy makers now have started to see entrepreneurship as panacea for inclusive growth. Entrepreneurships are most widely popular and discussed area. Study on small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) has been maturing for the last decade as it has been regarded as significant player for the social development along with the economic development. In Bangladesh, SMEs account for a large proportion of the total establishments in various sectors. Considering the importance of the SME sector in Bangladesh, this study intends to explore and sketch-out the landscape of current SME setting in Bangladesh. With this aim the study has extensively carried out literature review, observed and understood the secondary data obtained from various organizations, and finally presented a policy driven recommendation (micro and macro level) which would enable to develop the SME sector in a developing country like Bangladesh.

scholarly journals “What’s the Robo-Driver up to?” Requirements for Screen-based Awareness and Intent Communication in Autonomous Buses

i-com ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Fröhlich ◽  
Raimund Schatz ◽  
Markus Buchta ◽  
Johann Schrammel ◽  
Stefan Suette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Visual Communication ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
User Studies ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
First Time ◽  
Public Demonstration

Abstract Autonomous buses are expected to become a cornerstone of future mobility systems. Especially during their introduction, passengers may require reassurance about the vehicle’s awareness of the situation on the road and of its intended next actions to further acceptance. In order to investigate the need and requirements for information about the vehicle’s awareness and intent from the perspective of first-time users, we conducted two user studies in a state-of-the-art autonomous bus at public demonstration spaces. In the first study, participants underwent a demonstration ride with the bus and were then asked about their needs for awareness and intent communication. The second study took participants on a ‘simulated ride’ within a stationary bus, in which typical scenarios of the road ahead were presented, together with different awareness and intent cues. Our results suggest that, first, future autonomous bus passengers may be in need of such awareness and intent communication screens. Second, we found that awareness and intent communication may be of greater importance for the indication of potential hazard recognition than for indicating route directions. Third, due to their complementary strengths, none of the three compared types of visual communication (text, icon and augmented reality) should be used in isolation.

scholarly journals Work incentives in the Social Security Disability benefit formula

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
GOPI SHAH GODA ◽  
JOHN B. SHOVEN ◽  
SITA NATARAJ SLAVOV
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Extensive Margin ◽  
Disability Benefit ◽  
Payroll Tax ◽  
Payroll Taxes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Security Disability ◽  
Work Disincentives ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractWe examine the connection between taxes paid and benefits accrued under the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program on both the intensive and extensive margins. We perform these calculations for stylized workers given the existing benefit structure and disability hazard rates. On the intensive margin, we examine the effect of an additional dollar of earnings on the marginal payroll taxes contributed and future benefits earned. We find that the present discounted value of disability benefits received from an additional dollar of earnings, net of the SSDI payroll tax, generally declines with age, becoming negative around age 40 and reaching almost zero at age 63. On the extensive margin, we determine the effect of working an additional year on the additional payroll taxes and future benefits as a percentage of income. The return to working an additional year at an income level just large enough to earn Social Security credits for the year is large and positive through age 60. However, the return to working an additional full year is substantially smaller and becomes negative at approximately age 57. Thus, older workers face strong incentives to earn enough to obtain creditable coverage through age 60, but they face disincentives for additional earnings. In addition, workers aged 61 and older face work disincentives at any level of earnings. We repeat this analysis for stylized workers at different levels of earnings and find that, while the program transfers resources from high earners to low earners, the workers experience similar patterns in the returns to working.

Youth With Disabilities at the Crossroads

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd C. Honeycutt ◽  
Allison V. Thompkins ◽  
Maura E. Bardos ◽  
Steven N. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
School To Work ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Social Security Administration ◽  
Youth With Disabilities ◽  
Administrative Records ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Rehabilitation Services Administration

State vocational rehabilitation (VR) agencies are well positioned to assist youth aged 16 to 24 years with disabilities who are transitioning from school to work. Using Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA)-911 records matched to Social Security Administration (SSA) administrative records, this article adds to the knowledge about state VR agency provision of services to youth with disabilities and differences in outcomes based on SSA benefit receipt status. Although agencies’ statistics varied widely, almost one in six SSA beneficiaries who sought VR services had at least 1 month of benefit suspension due to work within 48 months of their VR applications, and about one in 10 VR applicants without SSA benefits at the time of their VR application received SSA benefits within 48 months. SSA beneficiaries received services from VR agencies at the same level as non-SSA beneficiaries, but the levels at which they were employed when they closed from services were lower. The results have two main policy implications. First, the level of resources to which agencies have access may be important in influencing the outcomes we measured. Second, agency differences in the proportion of SSA beneficiaries who eventually had benefit suspension due to work point to the potential for additional gains by agencies in this area.

Professionalisierung und Internationalisierung von Sozialplanung

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Strunk ◽  
Walter Werner
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Youth Work ◽  
Social Planning ◽  
International Level ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Social ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Training Practice

Social planning is on the road to becoming more professional and is taking its first steps towards developing mutual international understanding. This anthology presents the avenues being pursued in social planning in these respects in terms of training, practice and teaching, and illustrates their practical value in the areas of social work, youth work and the social integration of people with disabilities. Its contributions on social planning in Germany, Austria and Switzerland shed light on this subject on an international level, which reveals that this discipline, or rather the project of social planning, which is historically still in its infancy, differs significantly. For instance, in contrast to social planning being implemented on an almost nationwide level in Germany, it has only been established in individual regions in Austria and Switzerland, although social planning practices can be found without the term social planning being explicitly used to denote them. This book is recommended for all those who teach, practise or are interested in social planning.

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