scholarly journals Introducing a Navigation Algorithm for Reducing the Spread of Diseases in Public Transport Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Klinker ◽  
Mohamed Hechem Selmi ◽  
Mariana Avezum ◽  
Stephan Jonas
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Planning Problem ◽  
Navigation Algorithm ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Reducing passenger flow through highly frequented bottlenecks in public transportation networks is a well-known urban planning problem. This issue has become even more relevant since the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the necessity for minimum distances between passengers. We propose an approach that allows to dynamically navigate passengers around dangerously crowded stations to better distribute the passenger load across an entire urban public transport network. This is achieved through the introduction of new constraints into routing requests, that enable the avoidance of specific nodes in a network. These requests consider walks, bikes, metros, subways, trams and buses as possible modes of transportation. An implementation of the approach is provided in cooperation with the Munich Travel Corporation (MVG) for the city of Munich, to simulate the effects on a real city’s urban traffic flow. Among other factors, the impact on the travel time was simulated given that the two major exchange points in the network were to be avoided. With an increase from 26.5 to 26.8 minutes on the average travel time, the simulation suggests that the time penalty might be worth the safety benefits.

Research on the Calculating Method of Low-Carbon City Public Transit Bearing Rate

2014 ◽  
Vol 548-549 ◽  
pp. 1828-1834
Author(s):  
Zi Qiang Lei ◽  
Rui Lin Wu ◽  
Jie Yin ◽  
Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Large City ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
City Development ◽  
Slow Transport ◽  
Low Carbon City ◽  
The City

Low carbon is the trend of the future city development. Based on low carbon city concept, first of all, the reasonable development of low carbon urban traffic modes has been studied, for the slow transport, public transport and private transport between the proportion of low carbon city traffic have been analyzed; secondly, according to the commitments of Chinese government on Copenhagen World Climate Assembly in 2009, it has studied the low carbon city public transport minimum rate calculation method, puts forward the calculation formula of minimum bearing rate; Finally, taking a super-large city in central of China for example and using the formula above, the lowest rate of implementing low carbon urban public transport of the city in 2020 is calculated. Results show that on the basis of the city in 2008, the target year of 2020 is also need to increase 11% of the public transportation bearing rate.

scholarly journals Network-based Visualisation of Accessibility for a Public Transport System

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Andreas Keler ◽  
Lukas A. Bug ◽  
Jukka M. Krisp
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Major Change ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Accessibility Analysis ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
The City

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Network-based visualisation provides a detailed and accurate way of estimating accessibilities in cities. In this paper, the city of Augsburg serves as an example for modelling changes in network-based accessibility inside the inner city. For improving the urban public transport network, the central transportation hub “Königsplatz” recently underwent a major reconstruction. Therefore, a central detour of tram services was established. The change of accessibility is investigated using OpenStreetMap as database. The analysis was performed by a comparison of the spatiotemporal accessibility with bus and tram, in the period during and after the reconstruction. Geovisualisation of this accessibility analysis is accomplished via colour-coded accessibility maps and 3D-areal maps. A major change of accessibility can be detected between the reconstruction and post-reconstruction phase. Furthermore, this accessibility analysis reveals a far worse accessibility of public transportation in the eastern part compared to the western part of the city centre in Augsburg.</p>

scholarly journals Violence in Public Transport: An Analysis of Resilience and Vulnerability in the City of Rio de Janeiro

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Hugo Sant'Anna Cardoso ◽  
Tálita Floriano Santos ◽  
Marcelino Aurélio Vieira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Public Security ◽  
Dependence Relation ◽  
The City ◽  
Intervening Opportunities

Abstract Indicators of violence involving public transportation have reached alarming levels in most Brazilian states, hampering mobility. This article aims to identify the level of vulnerability and resilience of public transportation in 21 administrative regions of the city of Rio de Janeiro, in light of criminal occurrences. Variables related to population, employment, intervening opportunities, travel time, criminal occurrences associated with public transportation and police coverage of each evaluated region were used. The results indicated that the five most vulnerable regions are Campo Grande, Méier, Barra da Tijuca, Rio Comprido and Irajá, and the most resilient are Lagoa, Copacabana, Botafogo, Vila Isabel and Tijuca. The contribution of this work is the proposal to analyze the level of vulnerability and resilience based on public security data, with emphasis on the spatial dependence relation among the regions.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN YEREVAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 244-253
Author(s):  
G. S. Chibukhchyan
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The problems of improving the quality of public urban transport services, environmental protection, and public health in large cities and megacities have taken the leading place among the issues on the agenda of public administration bodies, as well as of non-governmental and international organisations.This context determined the study on the significance, modern conditions, problems, and development outlook regarding the urban public transport in Yerevan.Important part of the population of the Republic of Armenia lives in the city of Yerevan. Main economic activity of the Republic, as well as urban and private transport facilities are most concentrated in the capital city. The total number of vehicles circulating in the city on working days exceeds 300 thousand units.Urban public transport of Yerevan plays an important role in ensuring the normal life of residents and guests of the city. At the same time, several serious socio-economic problems are associated with transport, which are aggravating while the economy develops and the volume of cargo, passenger transportation and motorization of the city grows. Such problems, first, include the growth of the number of road traffic accidents, then, serious environmental degradation in the areas adjacent to the highways and in other districts of the city.In recent years, it has become obvious that the solution to those problems goes beyond the competence and responsibility of the city hall or of any single ministry and requires focusing the efforts of the number of government bodies and of the public at large.The objective of the study is to identify the main factors affecting the efficiency and safety of urban public transportation, as well as the impact of road traffic on the environment in Yerevan.Their identification will improve the quality of transport services and transportation safety, as well as reliability of vehicles and of their service properties, reduce their environmental impact, and develop a unified integrated effective and viable system of measures towards a comprehensive and effective solution of transport problems of public urban transport. 

scholarly journals TESTING THE NEW URBANISM PRINCIPLE OF SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT IN THE CONTEMPORARY REDEVELOPMENT PROJECTS.LESSONS FROM CLICHY-BATIGNOLLES IN PARIS AND THE STATION AREA IN LODZ

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Maria CYSEK-PAWLAK
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Urbanism ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Urban Project ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

As accessibility becomes a basic need of modern society, the issue of sustainable transportation continues to gain importance. On the large scale, it concerns interconnecting cities and metropolises, and, on a smaller scale, it refers to connection networks for pedestrians, cyclists and other means of public transport. The study aims to assess the importance of sustainable transport as a principle of New Urbanism in contemporary redevelopment projects. It introduces possible ways of implementing these principles, as well as dangers coming from misunderstanding them. The approaches and methods used in this article combine field studies conducted during the research trips, desk research and interviews with professionals at various stages of two urban renewal projects –Clichy Batignolles (France) and the main train station area in Lodz (Poland). The study revealed the strategic role of rail line redevelopment projects in both rebuilding the continuity of the urban fabric (Clichy Batignolles) and in creating a new centrality for an area with attractive cultural activities and services (Lodz). As urban project timeframes are often long, both case studies show that high flexibility and the ability to adapt investments to changing conditions are often required. Nevertheless, the realization of the key infrastructure elements should be maintained all along. Furthermore, functional diversity can provide an important support for the sustainability of the project as it ensures the quality of urban tissue through height level representative public projects, thereby giving the area in question a new image. As exemplified by the housing policy in France, the distribution of functions can also serve as a pertinent response to the strategic needs of the entire agglomeration as well as a useful solution to local problems. One of the most crucial elements of redevelopment projects is the implementation of sustainable transportation that provides quick and comfortable connections by various means of public transport within different urban scales: metropolises, cities, districts and the city. As an element of sustainable urban policy, an effective public transportation network in the inner city should be supported by the limitation of car park ratio for non-residents within the redevelopment project. Altogether, the impact that other New Urbanism principles exert on developing urban structures is a pertinent question. Today, the real challenge for this movement has moved into the city, rather than on the outskirts, as in the past.

scholarly journals GIS-Based Survey over the Public Transport Strategy: An Instrument for Economic and Sustainable Urban Traffic Planning

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Gabriela Droj ◽  
Laurențiu Droj ◽  
Ana-Cornelia Badea
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Real Time Traffic ◽  
The Impact

Traffic has a direct impact on local and regional economies, on pollution levels and is also a major source of discomfort and frustration for the public who have to deal with congestion, accidents or detours due to road works or accidents. Congestion in urban areas is a common phenomenon nowadays, as the main arteries of cities become congested during peak hours or when there are additional constraints such as traffic accidents and road works that slow down traffic on road sections. When traffic increases, it is observed that some roads are predisposed to congestion, while others are not. It is evident that both congestion and urban traffic itself are influenced by several factors represented by complex geospatial data and the spatial relationships between them. In this paper were integrated mathematical models, real time traffic data with network analysis and simulation procedures in order to analyze the public transportation in Oradea and the impact on urban traffic. A mathematical model was also adapted to simulate the travel choices of the population of the city and of the surrounding villages. Based on the network analysis, traffic analysis and on the traveling simulation, the elements generating traffic congestion in the inner city can be easily determined. The results of the case study are emphasizing that diminishing the traffic and its effects can be obtained by improving either the public transport density or its accessibility.

scholarly journals Spatial Integration of Non-Motorized Transport and Urban Public Transport Infrastructure: A Case of Johannesburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11461
Author(s):  
Brightnes Risimati ◽  
Trynos Gumbo ◽  
James Chakwizira
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Transit Planning ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
The City ◽  
Motorized Transport

Sustainability of transport infrastructure integration begins with involving an all-inclusive transportation chain instead of only focusing on one part of the journey. This is achieved by facilitating spatial integration between diverse transport modalities to allow for a multiplicity of travel opportunities. This paper unpacks the extent of the spatial integration of non-motorized transport and urban public transport infrastructure within the city of Johannesburg in South Africa. Cycling activity datasets derived from Strava Metro and the spatial data of urban public transport infrastructures were collected to demonstrate existing spatial patterns and infrastructure connectivity. Exploratory spatial data analysis and focal statistics analysis were central in the data processing. The findings reveal that cycling activities are separated from urban public transport infrastructure, and the city of Johannesburg’s transport system is characterized by spatially fragmented commuting and cycling operations, with limited to no sharing of infrastructure. Most public transport stations are not easily accessible for non-motorized transport and are characterized by inadequate cycling facilities. In conclusion, the identification of an urban public transportation catchment area becomes essential for developing cities such as Johannesburg. This can be used as tool for planning infrastructural upgrades and forecasting potential public transport ridership while also assessing the impacts of investments in transit planning. There is thus a need to integrate motorized urban public transport and cycling infrastructural developments toward promoting multi-mobility and infrastructure sharing.

scholarly journals Behavior of Traffic Congestion and Public Transport in Eight Large Cities in Latin America during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4703
Author(s):  
Renato Andara ◽  
Jesús Ortego-Osa ◽  
Melva Inés Gómez-Caicedo ◽  
Rodrigo Ramírez-Pisco ◽  
Luis Manuel Navas-Gracia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Johns Hopkins Hospital ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Public Data ◽  
The Impact

This comparative study analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on motorized mobility in eight large cities of five Latin American countries. Public institutions and private organizations have made public data available for a better understanding of the contagion process of the pandemic, its impact, and the effectiveness of the implemented health control measures. In this research, data from the IDB Invest Dashboard were used for traffic congestion as well as data from the Moovit© public transport platform. For the daily cases of COVID-19 contagion, those published by Johns Hopkins Hospital University were used. The analysis period corresponds from 9 March to 30 September 2020, approximately seven months. For each city, a descriptive statistical analysis of the loss and subsequent recovery of motorized mobility was carried out, evaluated in terms of traffic congestion and urban transport through the corresponding regression models. The recovery of traffic congestion occurs earlier and faster than that of urban transport since the latter depends on the control measures imposed in each city. Public transportation does not appear to have been a determining factor in the spread of the pandemic in Latin American cities.

Strangers in the City: Transmigration from Eastern Europe and its Impact on Berlin and Hamburg 1880–1914

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-246
Author(s):  
Tobias Brinkmann
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Massive Growth ◽  
Transit Migration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This article examines the impact of transit migration from the Russian and Austro-Hungarian Empires on Berlin and Hamburg between 1880 and 1914. Both cities experienced massive growth during the last three decades of the nineteenth century, and both served as major points of passage for Eastern Europeans travelling to (and returning from) the United States. The rising migration from Eastern Europe through Central and Western European cities after 1880 coincided with the need to find adequate solutions to accommodate a rapidly growing number of commuters. The article demonstrates that the isolation of transmigrants in Berlin, Hamburg (and New York) during the 1890s was only partly related to containing contagious disease and ‘undesirable’ migrants. Isolating transmigrants was also a pragmatic response to the increasing pressure on the urban traffic infrastructure.

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