scholarly journals Race & Ethnicity Data

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (SI) ◽  
pp. 91-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Sorensen ◽  
Betty Wood ◽  
Edward W. Prince
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Pregnancy Risk ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
System A ◽  
Born Infant ◽  
Perinatal Data ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Ethnicity Data

To create a better understanding of Hawai`i’s birthing population so that culturally appropriate strategies to prevent infant mortality could be developed, we undertook an analysis of population-based perinatal data collected in Hawai`i for the years 2000 and 2001. The data were collected by the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS). In this system, a stratified random sample of women who delivered a live born infant are mailed a self-administered questionnaire two to six months after they deliver, with telephone follow-up for those who do not respond. A bivariate analyses of maternal characteristics of singleton infants and the prevalence of low birth weight (

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Low Birth Weight and Preterm Delivery, in Hawai`i, 2000-2001

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (SI) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl B Prince ◽  
Limin Song ◽  
Nighat Quadri ◽  
Kathleen Kromer Baker
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Pregnancy Risk ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
System A ◽  
Born Infant ◽  
Perinatal Data ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

To create a better understanding of Hawai`i’s birthing population so that culturally appropriate strategies to prevent infant mortality could be developed, we undertook an analysis of population-based perinatal data collected in Hawai`i for the years 2000 and 2001. The data were collected by the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS). In this system, a stratified random sample of women who delivered a live born infant are mailed a self-administered questionnaire two to six months after they deliver, with telephone follow-up for those who do not respond. A bivariate analyses of maternal characteristics of singleton infants and the prevalence of low birth weight (

scholarly journals Longitudinal Phenotypes of Type 1 Diabetes in Youth Based on Weight and Glycemia and Their Association With Complications

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (12) ◽  
pp. 6003-6016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna R Kahkoska ◽  
Crystal T Nguyen ◽  
Linda A Adair ◽  
Allison E Aiello ◽  
Kyle S Burger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Macrovascular Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Clinical Complications ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Subclinical Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes In Youth

Abstract Context Subclinical and clinical complications emerge early in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and may be associated with obesity and hyperglycemia. Objective Test how longitudinal “weight-glycemia” phenotypes increase susceptibility to different patterns of early/subclinical complications among youth with T1D. Design SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth observational study. Setting Population-based cohort. Participants Youth with T1D (n = 570) diagnosed 2002 to 2006 or 2008. Main Outcome Measures Participants were clustered based on longitudinal body mass index z score and HbA1c from a baseline visit and 5+ year follow-up visit (mean diabetes duration: 1.4 ± 0.4 years and 8.2 ± 1.9 years, respectively). Logistic regression modeling tested cluster associations with seven early/subclinical diabetes complications at follow-up, adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, age, and duration. Results Four longitudinal weight-glycemia clusters were identified: The Referent Cluster (n = 195, 34.3%), the Hyperglycemia Only Cluster (n = 53, 9.3%), the Elevated Weight Only Cluster (n = 206, 36.1%), and the Elevated Weight With Increasing Hyperglycemia (EWH) Cluster (n = 115, 20.2%). Compared with the Referent Cluster, the Hyperglycemia Only Cluster had elevated odds of dyslipidemia [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.22, 95% CI: 1.15 to 4.29], retinopathy (aOR 9.98, 95% CI: 2.49 to 40.0), and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) (aOR 4.16, 95% CI: 1.37 to 12.62). The EWH Cluster had elevated odds of hypertension (aOR 2.18, 95% CI: 1.19 to 4.00), dyslipidemia (aOR 2.36, 95% CI: 1.41 to 3.95), arterial stiffness (aOR 2.46, 95% CI: 1.09 to 5.53), retinopathy (aOR 5.11, 95% CI: 1.34 to 19.46), and DKD (aOR 3.43, 95% CI: 1.29 to 9.11). Conclusions Weight-glycemia phenotypes show different patterns of complications, particularly markers of subclinical macrovascular disease, even in the first decade of T1D.

scholarly journals The East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey (EFPTS): 55 Years Later

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 454-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Derom ◽  
Evert Thiery ◽  
Bart P.F. Rutten ◽  
Hilde Peeters ◽  
Marij Gielen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Multiple Births ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intrauterine Environment ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Perinatal Data

AbstractThe East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey (EFPTS) is a registry of multiple births in the province of East Flanders, Belgium. Since its start in 1964, over 10,000 twin-pairs have been registered. EFPTS has several unique features: it is population-based and prospective, with the possibility of long-term follow-up; the twins (and higher order multiple births) are recruited at birth; basic perinatal data are recorded; chorion type and zygosity are established; since 1969, placental biopsies have been taken and frozen at –20°C for future research. Since its origin, the EFPTS has included placental data and allows differentiation of three subtypes of monozygotic twins based on the time of the initial zygotic division: the dichorionic–diamniotic pairs (early, with splitting before the fourth day after fertilization), the monochorionic–diamniotic pairs (intermediate, splitting between the fourth- and the seventh-day postfertilization) and the monochorionic–monoamniotic pairs (late, splitting after the eighth day postfertilization). Studies can be initiated taking into account primary biases, those originating ‘in utero’. Such studies could throw new light on the consequences of early embryological events and the gene–environment interactions as far as periconceptional and intrauterine environment are concerned.

scholarly journals Use of Zip Code Based Aggregate Indicators to Assess Race Disparities in COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-406
Author(s):  
Kevin D. Long ◽  
Steven M. Albert
Keyword(s):  
Human Services ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Race Disparities ◽  
The Us ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Zip Code ◽  
Ethnicity Data

Objective: In the first six months of the pandemic, information on race and ethnic­ity was missing for half of the US COVID-19 cases. Combining case ascertainment with census-based zip code indicators may iden­tify COVID-19 race-ethnicity disparities in the absence of individual-level data.Design: Ecological retrospective study for the period March-July 2020.Setting: Population-based investigation, Al­legheny County, Pennsylvania.Participants: All COVID-19 cases, adjusted for zip code area population, in the early period of the pandemic.Main Outcome Measures: Monthly COVID-19 incidence and requests for hu­man services by zip code level indicators of race-ethnicity and poverty.Results: In the early period of the pan­demic, COVID-19 incidence was higher in zip codes with a greater proportion of racial and ethnic minorities. Zip codes with the highest quartile of minority residents (>25.1% of population) had a COVID-19 incidence of 60.1 (95% CI: 51.7-68.5) per 10,000 in this period; zip codes with the lowest quartile of minority residents (<6.3%) had an incidence of 31.3 (95% CI: 14.4-48.2). Requests for human services during this period (volume of 211 calls and county services) confirm these disparities.Conclusion: Use of census-defined race-ethnicity proportions by zip code offers a way to identify disparities when individual race-ethnicity data are unavailable.Ethn Dis. 2021;31(3):399-406; doi:10.18865/ed.31.3.399

scholarly journals Urinary PGE-M in Men with Prostate Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4073
Author(s):  
Maeve Kiely ◽  
Ginger L. Milne ◽  
Tsion Z. Minas ◽  
Tiffany H. Dorsey ◽  
Wei Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
The Past ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Control Study

Urinary PGE-M is a stable metabolite of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). PGE2 is a product of the inflammatory COX signaling pathway and has been associated with cancer incidence and metastasis. Its synthesis can be inhibited by aspirin. We investigated the association of PGE-M with lethal prostate cancer in a case–control study of African American (AA) and European American men. We measured urinary PGE-M using mass-spectrometry. Samples were obtained from 977 cases and 1022 controls at the time of recruitment. We applied multivariable logistic and Cox regression modeling to examine associations of PGE-M with prostate cancer and participant survival. Median survival follow-up was 8.4 years, with 246 deaths among cases. Self-reported aspirin use over the past 5 years was assessed with a questionnaire. Race/ethnicity was self-reported. Urinary PGE-M levels did not differ between men with prostate cancer and population-based controls. We observed no association between PGE-M and aggressive disease nor prostate-cancer-specific survival. However, we observed a statistically significant association between higher (>median) PGE-M and all-cause mortality in AA cases who did not regularly use aspirin (HR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.23–3.37). Among cases who reported using aspirin, there was no association. Our study does not support a meaningful association between urinary PGE-M and prostate cancer. Moreover, PGE-M levels were not associated with aggressive prostate cancer. However, the observed association between elevated PGE-M and all-cause mortality in AA non-aspirin users reinforces the potential benefit of aspirin to reduce mortality among AA men with prostate cancer.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities Have a Significant Impact on the Outcomes of Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes: A Population-Based Study

Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Suleyman Y Goksu ◽  
Jude Khatib ◽  
Busra N Bacik Goksu ◽  
Rong Wang ◽  
Prapti A. Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Myelodysplastic Syndromes ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Insurance Status ◽  
Disease Characteristics ◽  
Hispanic Patients ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Background Race and ethnic differences affect the disease characteristics and clinical outcomes in many tumors, including acute myeloid leukemia (Byrne et al. AJCO, 2011). While earlier population-based studies reported no significant impact of race on survival outcomes in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) (Ma et al. Cancer, 2007), this study had a limited number of patients, short duration of follow-up including patients diagnosed from 2001-2003 prior to the approval and routine use of hypomethylating agents (HMA). We hypothesized that there are racial differences in the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with MDS. We thus analyzed the differences in disease characteristics and survival outcomes based on race and ethnic background in patients with MDS over 13 years. Methods We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to identify adult patients diagnosed with MDS between 2004 and 2016. Disease characteristics and patient outcomes were analyzed among three groups based on race/ethnicity: non-Hispanic white (NHW), non-Hispanic black (NHB) and Hispanics, Fisher exact test and chi-square test were used to compare categorical variables. SEER*Stat version 8.3.6 was used to calculate the incidence rate (IR) and incidence rate ratio (IRR) for NHW, NHB, and Hispanics. Univariate survival analysis was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and groups were compared using a log-rank test. Multivariable survival analyses were performed using the Cox-proportional regression model after adjusting for age, gender, insurance status, histologic risk classification, marital status, and treatment with chemotherapy. Cause-specific survival (CSS) was calculated from the date of diagnosis to the date of MDS-related death and compared amongst the three groups. Results A total of 52,031 patients with MDS were included in this study; 83.4% were NHW, 8.5% were NHB, and 8.2% Hispanics. The incidence was 7.81, 6.46, and 5.17 per 100,000 among NHW, NHB, and Hispanic patients, respectively. Compared to NHW, NHB and Hispanic patients had a significantly lower incidence rate among the overall population (p&lt;.001) in both genders (p&lt;.001) and in older age groups ≥ 50 years (p&lt;.001). However, NHB patients had a significantly higher IRR in the younger age group (&lt;50 years) with an increased incidence by 49% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.32-1.67) as compared to NHW patients. [Table 1] Hispanic and NHB patients had a higher percentage of female gender (p&lt;.001) and were more likely to be insured (p&lt;.001) as compared to NHW patients. This was mostly attributed to a high proportion of "unknown" insurance status in the NHW population (28%). Hispanic patients were more likely to present with MDS with excess blasts (p&lt;.001), and thus a higher proportion of patients received chemotherapy for myelodysplastic syndromes as compared to NHW/NHB patients (p&lt;.001). Overall survival was significantly affected by race/ethnicity; NHB patients had a longer median overall survival (mOS) as compared to Hispanic and NHW patients (mOS 33 vs 28 vs 25 months, respectively; p&lt;.001). After adjusting for confounding variables, the hazard ratio (HR) for death was 1.11 (95% CI 1.05-1.18) for Hispanics (p&lt;.001) and 1.12 (95% CI 1.07-1.16) for NHW (p&lt;.001) as compared to NHB. Moreover, a total of 25.6% of patients had MDS-related deaths. NHB patients had longer CSS compared to Hispanic and NHW patients (5-year CSS 72.2% vs 63% vs 62% respectively, p&lt;.001). This difference was further confirmed using a multivariable Cox-proportional regression model with an HR for death of 1.35 (95% CI 1.24-1.48) and HR 1.24 (95% CI 1.15-1.33) for Hispanics and NHW, respectively, p&lt;.001. [Figure 1] Conclusions Myelodysplastic syndromes have significant differences in age at presentation, disease risk, and survival outcomes based on racial and ethnic backgrounds. To our knowledge, this study represents the largest population-based analysis with the longest follow-up, specifically looking at such differences in patients with MDS. Further studies are warranted that incorporate treatment patterns and genomic data in order to identify factors that may account for these differences. Disclosures Wang: Celgene/BMS: Research Funding. Patel:France Foundation: Honoraria; Agios: Consultancy; DAVA Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau. Zeidan:Astellas: Consultancy, Honoraria; Taiho: Consultancy, Honoraria; Cardinal Health: Consultancy, Honoraria; Otsuka: Consultancy, Honoraria; MedImmune/Astrazeneca: Research Funding; Astex: Research Funding; CCITLA: Other; Leukemia and Lymphoma Society: Other; Epizyme: Consultancy, Honoraria; Boehringer-Ingelheim: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Cardiff Oncology: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other; Ionis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Acceleron: Consultancy, Honoraria; ADC Therapeutics: Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; BeyondSpring: Consultancy, Honoraria; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene / BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Trovagene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Aprea: Research Funding; Agios: Consultancy, Honoraria; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria; Incyte: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Jazz: Consultancy, Honoraria.

No relation between biomarkers at age 47–49 and aortic diameter after 14–19 years of follow-up – a population-based study

VASA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumia Taimour ◽  
Moncef Zarrouk ◽  
Jan Holst ◽  
Olle Melander ◽  
Gunar Engström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Aortic Diameter ◽  
Aortic Dilatation ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Old Men

Abstract. Background: Biomarkers reflecting diverse pathophysiological pathways may play an important role in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (aortic diameter ≥30 mm, AAA), levels of many biomarkers are elevated and correlated to aortic diameter among 65-year-old men undergoing ultrasound (US) screening for AAA. Probands and methods: To evaluate potential relationships between biomarkers and aortic dilatation after long-term follow-up, levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), proneurotensin (PNT), copeptin (CPT), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase 2 (Lp-PLA2), cystatin C (Cyst C), midregional proatrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP), and midregional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) were measured in 117 subjects (114 [97 %] men) aged 47–49 in a prospective population-based cohort study, and related to aortic diameter at US examination of the aorta after 14–19 years of follow-up. Results: Biomarker levels at baseline did not correlate with aortic diameter after 14–19 years of follow up (CRP [r = 0.153], PNT [r = 0.070], CPT [r = –.156], Lp-PLA2 [r = .024], Cyst C [r = –.015], MR-proANP [r = 0.014], MR-proADM [r = –.117]). Adjusting for age and smoking at baseline in a linear regression model did not reveal any significant correlations. Conclusions: Tested biomarker levels at age 47–49 were not associated with aortic diameter at ultrasound examination after 14–19 years of follow-up. If there are relationships between these biomarkers and aortic dilatation, they are not relevant until closer to AAA diagnosis.

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