Models of crisis intervention in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslana Moroz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Extended Theory ◽  
Developmental Factors ◽  
Crisis Theory ◽  
Intervention Models ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
The Right

On the basis of the analysis of foreign theories the basic and extended theory of crisis is described. The crisis is perceived by man as unbearable difficulties that deplete the resources of endurance and disrupt the mechanisms of overcoming difficulties. The basic theory of crisis postulates emergency psychological assistance to help a person in crisis in terms of awareness and treatment of affective, behavioral and cognitive disorders. The extended theory of crisis emphasizes the occurrence of pathological symptoms in each person with the right combination of developmental factors, social, psychological, and situational factors. The following models of crisis intervention are given: he model of balance / imbalance; the cognitive model; the model of psychosocial transformation; the model of ecological development. There are revealed crisis intervention models, which combine the following tasks: focusing on stabilizing the symptoms of distress, alleviating symptoms, restoring the adaptive stage of functioning and facilitating access to further support for the victim. Keywords:crisis intervention, crisis interventions, crisis theory, short-term crisis therapy, crisis intervention models

Defending Virtuous Motivation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua May
Keyword(s):  
Framing Effects ◽  
Moral Behavior ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Moral Hypocrisy ◽  
Debunking Arguments ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Mood Effects ◽  
The Right

This chapter considers remaining empirical challenges to the idea that we’re commonly motivated to do what’s right for the right reasons. Two key factors threaten to defeat claims to virtuous motivation, self-interest (egoism) and arbitrary situational factors (situationism). Both threats aim to identify defective influences on moral behavior that reveal us to be commonly motivated by the wrong reasons. However, there are limits to such wide-ranging skeptical arguments. Ultimately, like debunking arguments, defeater challenges succumb to a Defeater’s Dilemma: one can identify influences on many of our morally relevant behaviors that are either substantial or arbitrary, but not both. The science suggests a familiar trade-off in which substantial influences on many morally relevant actions are rarely defective. Arriving at this conclusion requires carefully scrutinizing a range of studies, including those on framing effects, dishonesty, implicit bias, mood effects, and moral hypocrisy (vs. integrity).

scholarly journals Fundamental Nature of Human Infant's Brain Asymmetry

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juhn A. Wada ◽  
Alan E. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Functional Implication ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Morphological Asymmetry ◽  
Developmental Factors ◽  
Verbal Content ◽  
The Right ◽  
Temporal Coherency

SUMMARY:Morphological speech zone asymmetry in man cannot be due to environmental or developmental factors after birth. The functional implication of such a finding is not yet clear. Morphological asymmetry of the human brain is paralleled by electrophysiological evidence of cerebral hemispheric asymmetries. The results of our analysis of 50 infants suggest that clear occipital-temporal coherency asymmetry similar, but not identical to the adult pattern, also exists at or near birth. These asymmetries are generated by stimuli with no verbal content and in infants who presumably have no or an undeveloped capability for language. It is suggested that language is only a part of much more fundamental asymmetries which include the processing of auditory and visual information. Our results, and those of others, are consistent with the assumption that the left hemisphere is more able to relate stimuli to past experience, either short or long-term, while the right hemisphere is more able to process stimuli which are not easily identifiable or referable. These capabilities would not be based on language, and hence would be expected to develop independently and possibly before speech. The demonstration that reversing electrophysiological asymmetries can be generated with non-speech stimuli in the visual and auditory modalities, and in neonates, supports such an assumption.

The Place of Crisis Intervention in Psychiatry

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
George I. Szmukler
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Psychiatric Practice ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Crisis Theory ◽  
Careful Investigation

This paper examines the concept of crisis intervention and its relevance to psychiatric practice. Crisis theory originated in relation to healthy subjects disturbed by major life hazards. Its application, however, has been widened in an uncritical manner to include patients with psychiatric disorders. To what extent crisis theory and intervention can be applied is discussed and relevant research on the outcome of their use in a variety of settings reviewed. It is concluded that although crisis theory cannot be transplanted in its entirety into psychiatry, modified versions might prove useful. The role of crisis in inducing behaviour change in a variety of psychiatric settings and the ways in which this might be harnessed are of considerable interest and worthy of careful investigation.

scholarly journals LATIHAN FISIK PADA FRAILTY SYNDROME

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joudy Gessal ◽  
Widya Utari
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Geriatric Syndrome ◽  
Frailty Syndrome ◽  
Balance Disorder ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
The Right

Abstract: Frailty Syndrome (FS) is a geriatric syndrome characterized by decreases of functional ability and adaptation due to multi-system functional degradation, and an increase of susceptibility to a variety of pressures, resulting in a decrease of functional performance and health status. FS occurs in 30% people over 80 years and in 7% over 65 years. The incidences of FS in females were higher than in males due to the females’ smaller/lower/less body mass; therefore, loss of muscle mass due to aging process is faster. Anorexia, sarcopenia, immobilization, atherosclerosis, balance disorder, depression, and cognitive disorders are conditions that can lead to the occurences of FS. Although FS increases the morbidity and accelerates the mortality, the right type of exercise can overcome this syndrome and improves the quality of life. Keywords: Frailty syndrome, geriatric, quality of life.     Abstrak: Frailty Syndrome (FS) adalah suatu sindroma geriatrik dengan karakteristik berkurangnya kemampuan fungsional dan fungsi adaptasi yang diakibatkan oleh degradasi fungsi berbagai sistem dalam tubuh, serta meningkatnya kerentanan terhadap berbagai macam tekanan; kesemuanya ini menurunkan performa fungsional dan status kesehatan seseorang. Frailty Syndrome terjadi pada 30% populasi di atas usia 80 tahun dan 7% pada populasi usia di atas 65 tahun. Insiden pada perempuan lebih tinggi oleh karena perempuan memiliki massa tubuh yang lebih kecil daripada laki-laki sehingga kehilangan massa otot lebih cepat terjadi pada proses aging. Anoreksia, sarkopenia, imobilisasi, aterosklerosis, gangguan keseimbangan, depresi dan gangguan kognitif merupakan kondisi-kondisi yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya FS. Walaupun FS menyebabkan peningkatan morbiditas dan percepatan terjadinya mortalitas, latihan yang tepat dapat mengatasi sindroma dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup. Kata kunci: frailty Syndrome, geriatrik, kualitas hidup.

scholarly journals The Health Equity Network of the Americas: inclusion, commitment, and action

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Arachu Castro ◽  
Rocío Sáenz ◽  
Ximena Avellaneda ◽  
Carlos Cáceres ◽  
Luiz Galvão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Health Equity ◽  
Social Epidemiology ◽  
Population Movements ◽  
Health And Human Rights ◽  
Migrant Populations ◽  
Intervention Models ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right ◽  
Street Dwellers

The Health Equity Network of the Americas (HENA) is a multidisciplinary network that promotes knowledge sharing and intersectoral action for equity in health and human rights in the Americas. The objectives of HENA are: 1) to share successful experiences in the development of interventions, considering the social determinants and determination of health, to achieve participatory and community-based health responses; 2) to analyze the health, social, political, environmental and economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic; 3) to identify the effects of pandemic care on populations most at risk because of their age and pre-existing health conditions; 4) examine the situation at borders and population movements in the spread of the pandemic and its effects on migrant populations; 5) propose strategies to ensure access to comprehensive care for pregnant women in order to reduce maternal and neonatal suffering, morbidity, and mortality; and 6) analyze violations of human rights and the right to health of historically marginalized populations, including street dwellers and other communities that depend on public spaces and the street for survival. The analytical and intervention models for health equity at HENA are based on various approaches, including social medicine, social epidemiology, medical anthropology, human ecology, and One Health.

Crisis Interventions

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert R. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Crisis Theory ◽  
Stage Iv Cancer ◽  
Acute Crisis

Crisis intervention has been used to help millions of at-risk and vulnerable social work clients throughout the world. Acute crisis-inducing situations range from the sudden loss of a loved one to a Stage IV cancer diagnosis to a school shooting spree. This entry includes definitions and descriptions of crisis theory and crisis intervention protocols. It traces the historical background on the development of crisis intervention programs. The next two sections discuss social work roles and techniques with persons in crisis, and evidence-based crisis intervention protocols based on the latest meta-analysis.

Coal Mine Disaster Psychological Crisis Intervention Models and Methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 688-691
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Yong Xin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Behavior Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Behavior ◽  
Intervention Model ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Intervention Models ◽  
Available Resources

China is a country whose colliery disaster happen frequently. After the colliery disaster ,the most important thing is the nursing of people's mental health. And it is the most difficult to recovery .Mental crisis intervention is mobilizing all kings of available resources and taking all possible or feasible measures to limit and eliminate clients' mental disorder and disorder behavior caused by colliery disaster .This essay is aimed at psychological crisis intervention model and methods research to put forward six steps for mental crisis intervention and put forward cognitive behavior intervention mode and method for clients who lack of cognitive absence.For the establishment of useful help psychological crisis intervention system in coal mine.

Neuropsychological Deficits Associated with Destruction of the Right Nigrostriatal Pathway

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 729-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Sáez-Zea ◽  
Francisco Escamilla-Sevilla ◽  
Josefina Martínez-Simón ◽  
Marisa Arnedo ◽  
Adolfo Mínguez-Castellanos
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Neuropsychological Deficits ◽  
Nigrostriatal Pathway ◽  
Neuropsychological Dysfunction ◽  
Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease ◽  
The Right

AbstractHemiparkinsonism secondary to a vascular mesencephalic lesion is infrequent; these patients offer an exceptional opportunity to study neuropsychological alterations attributable to unilateral dopaminergic denervation, shedding light on the pathophysiology of cognitive disorders in early-stage idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). From the investigation of our case, we conclude that destruction of the right nigrostriatal pathway is accompanied by deficits in executive functioning and verbal/visual memory similar to those observed in many patients with early-stage idiopathic PD. The more complex neuropsychological dysfunction developed by other PD patients must therefore be related to the additional involvement of other brain structures. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–6)

scholarly journals NQPC-15 COGNITIVE FUNCTION AND ACTIVITY OF DAILY LIFE AFTER TUMOR REMOVAL FOR PATIENTS WITH BIFRONTAL GLIOBLASTOMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii32-ii32
Author(s):  
Akiko Kakuta ◽  
Masayuki Nitta ◽  
Takashi Maruyama ◽  
Yoshihiro Muragaki ◽  
Tetsuo Ikai
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Tumor Removal ◽  
Disturbance Of Consciousness ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Active Rehabilitation ◽  
The Right

Abstract INTRODUCTION Glioblastomas often grow in a butterfly shape in the bifrontal lobes. The aggressive removal of these contrast-enhanced lesions may cause serious cognitive dysfunction. In this study, we have analyzed changes of cognitive function, effects on ADL, as well as rehabilitation methods for patients with bifrontal glioblastoma before and after tumor removal. SUBJECTS In this study, 6 patients including 2 males and 4 females with a mean age of 39.8 were reviewed. All patients exhibited bifrontal glioblastoma that was surgically removed. The primary tumor location was lower-left frontal gyrus for four of the patients, the right preSMA-SMA region for one patient, and the lower-right frontal gyrus for the remaining patient. METHOD Patients’cognitive function and ADL evaluated after the tumor removal and at the end of postoperative chemoradiotherapy, were retrospectively analyzed. We compared and verified the features and EOR. An evaluation was performed using MMSE-J, FAB, TMT, RCPM, RBMT, BADS, and FIM. RESULT After completion of chemoradiotherapy, 3 patients returned home, 2 were transferred to the hospital, and 1 returned to work. MMSE score was worsen in two patients, and their tumor were located in the lower-right frontal gyrus and the lower-left frontal gyrus. Two cases in the right frontal lobe and two cases in the lower left frontal gyrus scored lower average on the TMT. In our final evaluation, ADL was not worsening after surgery. DISCUSSION Many patients with bifrontal glioblastoma exhibited disturbance of consciousness due to strong edema before surgery, but they recovered in about two months after the tumor removal and many of them considered back to work. Involvement of prefrontal cortex may be related to severe cognitive dysfunction. Active rehabilitation should be started as soon as possible after surgery to acquire a compensation functions for the cognitive disorders and simulation for social life and work.

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