scholarly journals Regularly calibrating an energy monitoring system ensures accuracy

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Arthur J Swart ◽  
Pierre E Hertzog
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Energy Monitoring ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Limited Life ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Lab View

Energy monitoring systems are being reported on more and more as consumers wish to determine the amount of energy produced and used by various renewable energy systems. Added to this is improving the overall systems’ efficiency and identifying any potential concerns. The purpose of the paper is to show the importance of correctly calibrating such energy monitoring systems on a regular basis, in order to validate any future measurements as being reliable. In this study, three 10 W PV modules are used with their own respective LED loads to extract the maximum possible amount of electrical energy during the day. No storage systems are used due to their limited life-cycle and variability. An Arduino microcontroller is used as the data logging interface between the PV systems and a PC running Lab VIEW software, which acts as the visual interface and recording system. Calibration is done in Lab VIEW to account for system losses. Results indicate that three identical PV systems can be calibrated to produce the same results, with variability of less than 1%. Higher variabilities point to inconsistencies in the PV modules, even if they originate from the same manufacturer. A key recommendation is to perform an annual calibration of the monitoring system, which primarily accounts for PV module degradation.

Performansi aktual modul photovoltaik dengan pengarah matahari

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalaluddin . ◽  
Baharuddin Mire
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Local Time ◽  
Performance Characteristic ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Experiment Data ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Pv Modules

Actual performance of photovoltaic module with solar tracking is presented. Solar radiation can be converted into electrical energy using photovoltaic (PV) modules. Performance of polycristalline silicon PV modules with and without solar tracking are investigated experimentally. The PV module with dimension 698 x 518 x 25 mm has maximum power and voltage is 45 Watt and 18 Volt respectively. Based on the experiment data, it is concluded that the performance of PV module with solar tracking increases in the morning and afternoon compared with that of fixed PV module. It increases about 18 % in the morning from 10:00 to 12:00 and in the afternoon from 13:30 to 14:00 (local time). This study also shows the daily performance characteristic of the two PV modules. Using PV module with solar tracking provides a better performance than fixed PV module. 

scholarly journals A Simple Mismatch Mitigating Partial Power Processing Converter for Solar PV Modules

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2308
Author(s):  
Kamran Ali Khan Niazi ◽  
Yongheng Yang ◽  
Tamas Kerekes ◽  
Dezso Sera
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Loss Analysis ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
In Series

Partial shading affects the energy harvested from photovoltaic (PV) modules, leading to a mismatch in PV systems and causing energy losses. For this purpose, differential power processing (DPP) converters are the emerging power electronic-based topologies used to address the mismatch issues. Normally, PV modules are connected in series and DPP converters are used to extract the power from these PV modules by only processing the fraction of power called mismatched power. In this work, a switched-capacitor-inductor (SCL)-based DPP converter is presented, which mitigates the non-ideal conditions in solar PV systems. A proposed SCL-based DPP technique utilizes a simple control strategy to extract the maximum power from the partially shaded PV modules by only processing a fraction of the power. Furthermore, an operational principle and loss analysis for the proposed converter is presented. The proposed topology is examined and compared with the traditional bypass diode technique through simulations and experimental tests. The efficiency of the proposed DPP is validated by the experiment and simulation. The results demonstrate the performance in terms of higher energy yield without bypassing the low-producing PV module by using a simple control. The results indicate that achieved efficiency is higher than 98% under severe mismatch (higher than 50%).

scholarly journals The methodical issues of industrial energy monitoring systems implementation

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
V. Nakhodov ◽  
O. Borychenko ◽  
A. Cherniavskyi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Management System ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Energy Management System ◽  
Energy Monitoring

Statistics show that energy is one of the highest operating costs in a manufacturing enterprise. So, improving energy efficiency can lead to a significant increase in profits and reduce the impact of the enterprise on the environment. To increase the performance of energy efficiency activities, it is necessary to implement an energy management system. One of the components of this system is energy monitoring, which, in turn, is based on the periodic collection and analysis of data to assess the state of the monitoring objects in terms of energy efficiency. In this paper, the role and place of energy monitoring in the energy management system of an industrial enterprise are noted. The paper proposes the concept of creating energy monitoring system in industrial companies, which is based on the combination of a monitoring system based on specific energy consumption, and usage of group energy characteristics of production facilities. Implementing such energy monitoring systems will allow to conduct operational control of energy efficiency of production facilities by creating individual systems for monitoring energy efficiency, as well as successfully carry out such monitoring at the enterprise and its subdivisions over longer periods of time using specific energy consumption indicators. It also provides general guidelines for conducting energy monitoring. These guidelines were formed based on the results of studying various methods and scientific publications in the field of energy monitoring, as well as on the basis of practical experience in the development and implementation of energy management systems. Particular attention is paid to the issues of processing and analysis of information about the objects of energy monitoring of industrial enterprises. The practical application of the concept of creating energy monitoring systems envisages gradual improvement of the existing monitoring system based on the specific energy consumption, which will be further completely replaced with individual energy efficiency monitoring systems.

The Status and Trends of Crystalline Silicon PV Module Recycling Treatment Methods in Europe and China

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 200-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Zhang ◽  
Fang Lv ◽  
Li Yun Ma ◽  
Li Juan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Thermal Method ◽  
Abrasive Machining ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
The Status ◽  
Treatment Research

The disposal of PV systems will become a problem in view of the continually increasing production of PV modules. Development for waste PV modules recycling would be extremely effective in coping with this problem. In Europe, the thermal method and chemical method for PV recycling were deeply developed. The thermal treatment was to separate the module components under 600°C. The chemical treatment is to recover silicon wafers out of solar cells, which can be used again in modules. But automated separation of components and advanced chemical process needs to be studied on. In China, mechanical treatment research for PV recycling has just started. PV modules were separated and recycled by abrasive machining under the cryogenic condition and electrostatic separation. The mechanical treatment can't recycle silicon to reprocess new wafers for its low purity. Compared to the advanced technology in Europe, PV recycling in China is primary and badly in need of improving to face the huge PV module recycling demands in future.

scholarly journals Design and Fabrication of Low Cost Automatic Cleaning Module for Solar PV Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S2) ◽  
pp. 1112-1114
Keyword(s):  
Automatic System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Servo Motor ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Cleaning System ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Long Time

The Solar PV modules are usually engaged in dusty environments which are the condition in many tropical countries like India. The dirt gets hoarded on the superficial of the PV module and chunks the photons from the sun. It decreases the generation ability of the PV module. The power output decreases the efficiency, if the PV module is not cleaned for a long time. In order to habitually clean the dust, an automatic cleaning system has been proposed, which senses the light energy from the sun on the solar panel and also cleans the PV module automatically. This system is realized with PIC16F877A microcontroller which controls the geared servo motor. This system consists of a sensor (LDR) to make it dusk to dawn. While for cleaning the PV modules, a mechanism consists of a sliding wipers has been developed. In earlier machinery, cleaning of PV panels was done manually. But here the PV panels has been cleaned by automatic system i.e. wiping mechanism with water flow for effective cleaning

scholarly journals Design And Development Of Real-Time Small Scale IoT Based Energy Monitoring System

2021 ◽  
Vol 2107 (1) ◽  
pp. 012039
Author(s):  
E.H. MatSaat ◽  
Majid M.A. ◽  
N.H. Abdul Rahman ◽  
Nur Amalina Muhamad ◽  
N. Othman
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Web Page ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Energy Monitoring ◽  
Energy Meter ◽  
Electricity Bill ◽  
External Connection ◽  
Energy Conservation Measures

Abstract This paper presents the digitization of small-scale energy monitoring systems based on IoT. The proposed energy monitoring system known as EMOSY eliminates the high-cost energy meter. EMOSY is designed to be portable and practical to use without modification of internal or external connection of appliances. EMOSY is developed by using a voltage detector circuit concept by amplifying the existence of electrostatic. This electrostatic reading sends to the database through Wi-Fi module ESP8266 integrated with Arduino NodeMCU. The web page is designed using Adobe Dreamweaver with HTML and PHP coding. In the proposed system, the user able to monitor the energy usage of each appliance and estimated billing time to time. Based on the result, the energy monitoring system successfully can detect the existence of electrostatic, and the webpage database can display the energy usage extended to the estimated electricity bill. The monitoring system is found to be useful to the residential, commercial, and industrial to monitor energy patterns, which is essential to facilitate energy conservation measures for minimizing energy usage.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Mathematical Model to Characterize the Performance of Conventional and Hybrid PV Array Topologies under Static and Dynamic Shading Patterns

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoharan Premkumar ◽  
Umashankar Subramaniam ◽  
Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu ◽  
Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan ◽  
Lucian Mihet-Popa
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Power Maximization ◽  
Global Peak

The analysis and the assessment of interconnected photovoltaic (PV) modules under different shading conditions and various shading patterns are presented in this paper. The partial shading conditions (PSCs) due to the various factors reduce the power output of PV arrays, and its characteristics have multiple peaks due to the mismatching losses between PV panels. The principal objective of this paper is to model, analyze, simulate and evaluate the performance of PV array topologies such as series-parallel (SP), honey-comb (HC), total-cross-tied (TCT), ladder (LD) and bridge-linked (BL) under different shading patterns to produce the maximum power by reducing the mismatching losses (MLs). Along with the conventional PV array topologies, this paper also discusses the hybrid PV array topologies such as bridge-linked honey-comb (BLHC), bridge-linked total-cross-tied (BLTCT) and series-parallel total-cross-tied (SPTCT). The performance analysis of the traditional PV array topologies along with the hybrid topologies is carried out during static and dynamic shading patterns by comparing the various parameters such as the global peak (GP), local peaks (LPs), corresponding voltage and current at GP and LPs, fill factor (FF) and ML. In addition, the voltage and current equations of the HC configuration under two shading conditions are derived, which represents one of the novelties of this paper. The various parameters of the SPR-200-BLK-U PV module are used for PV modeling and simulation in MATLAB/Simulink software. Thus, the obtained results provide useful information to the researchers for healthy operation and power maximization of PV systems.

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