scholarly journals To the problem of "polyphony of consciousness" in the context of the aesthetics of constructivism

2021 ◽  
pp. 229-233
Author(s):  
Katerina Ishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Music Literature ◽  
Important Means ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Time

The purpose of the article is to trace the peculiarities of the phenomenon of "polyphony of consciousness" as one of the main patterns of artistic thinking of the early twentieth century, which became widespread in various arts and reflected artistic and aesthetic trends of such a bright movement of the first avant-garde as constructivism. On the examples of music, literature, theater, cinema, fine art to reveal this phenomenon as an important manifestation of the aesthetics of constructivism. In selected works of art, to identify and consider characteristics of the musical text polyphonic techniques, which in turn have been widely used and reflected the individual stylistic features of representatives of different spheres of creativity of the period. The methodological basis of this study is a comprehensive approach, which contains historical and cultural, stylistic, and holistic methods of analysis. The theoretical method acquires special significance among them, as it is aimed at identifying the principles of writing in various fields of art. The scientific novelty of this work is based on the originality of the generalized study of the phenomenon of "polyphony of consciousness". This phenomenon is being considered as an important manifestation of the aesthetics of constructivism, based on the examples of music, literature, theater, cinema, and fine arts. Such an understanding of the implementation of the polyphonic principles of writing in the context of such an artistic movement as constructivism is undertaken for the first time in Ukrainian musicology. Conclusions. Experiments and searches of the artists of the early twentieth century in the fields of expression, content, composition, and language that "provoked" the development of stylistic pluralism in all spheres of art, strengthened the role of polyphonic principles of writing, and, more broadly, artistic thinking. Polyphonic techniques find their place in the trends of the aesthetics of constructivism, going beyond the musical texture and penetrating into all kinds of art. Polyphony and its principle of combining self-developing lines, voices, and layers, was perhaps the most important means of artistic reflection of the contradictions of the world, as well as the direction of the search in the field of content and means of expression.

Introduction. An American Project

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Paolo Amorosa
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
International Law ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Previous Scholarship

The introduction sets the historiographical and political stakes of narrating and analyzing Scott’s campaign for the Spanish origin of international law, drawing on current methodological discussions and the role of the concept of equality in our political discourse. It also explains the relation of the book with previous scholarship on Scott and literature on the rise of international legal networks in the Americas in the early twentieth century. Moreover, it elaborates on the reasons for the primarily descriptive style the text adopts and on certain related choices of language. The introduction ends with an outline of the structure of the book and of the individual chapters.

Finding and Transcending the Individual

2020 ◽  
pp. 188-224
Author(s):  
Naftali Loewenthal
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Personal Freedom ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Observable Fact

The focus on rationalism in Habad leads us to consider another aspect of the nature of hasidism: what, if anything, is the role of the individual? The crucial relationship of the hasid with the tsadik immediately presents the contemporary mind with the question of personal freedom and individuality. An early twentieth-century Yiddish song, ‘And when the Rebbe sings, all the hasidim sing’, describes the hasidim as imitating their rebbe. In another stereotype, based on contemporary observable fact, the hasid would not take a job, move to a new home, or decide to get married without first asking the rebbe. These images obviously run counter to a central theme of modernity: the autonomy and independence of the individual. To what extent do hasidic followers see themselves as individuals? How might this question relate to the history of hasidism, and to its context in Western culture?

„MAGIŠKASIS KAMBARYS“: GYVYBINGA IR PRISITAIKANTI VAISTINĖLĖS TRADICIJA LIETUVOS BAJORŲ NAMUOSE

2018 ◽  
pp. 164-195
Author(s):  
Marius Daraškevičius
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Community Treatment ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Single Room ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Manor House ◽  
Medicine Cabinet ◽  
Culture Education

The article discusses the causes of emergence and spreading of a still room (Lith. vaistinėlė, Pol. apteczka), the purpose of the room, the location in the house planning structure, relations to other premises, its equipment, as well as the role of a still room in everyday culture. An examination of the case of a single room, the still room, in a noblemen’s home is also aimed at illustrating the changes in home planning in the late eighteenth – early twentieth century: how they adapted to the changing hygiene standards, perception of personal space, involvement of the manor owners in community treatment, and changes in dining and hospitality culture. Keywords: still room, household medicine cabinet, manor house, interior, sczlachta culture, education, dining culture, modernisation, Lithuania.

The Only Wonderful Things

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J. Homestead
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
American Southwest ◽  
Advertising Agency ◽  
Greenwich Village ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Park Avenue ◽  
Fresh Perspective ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time

This book tells for the first time the story of the central relationship of novelist Willa Cather’s life, her nearly forty-year partnership with Edith Lewis. Cather has been described as a distinguished artist who turned her back on the crass commercialism of the early twentieth century and as a deeply private woman who strove to hide her sexuality, and Lewis has often been identified as her secretary. However, Lewis was a successful professional woman who edited popular magazines and wrote advertising copy at a major advertising agency and who, behind the scenes, edited Cather’s fiction. Recognizing Lewis’s role in Cather’s creative process changes how we understand Cather as an artist, while recovering their domestic partnership (which they did not seek to hide) provides a fresh perspective on lesbian life in the early twentieth century. Homestead reconstructs Cather and Lewis’s life together in Greenwich Village and on Park Avenue, their travels to the American Southwest that formed the basis of Cather’s novels The Professor’s House and Death Comes for the Archbishop, their summers as part of an all-woman resort community on Grand Manan Island, and Lewis’s magazine and advertising work as a context for her editorial collaboration with Cather. Homestead tells a human story of two women who chose to live in partnership and also explains how the Cold War panic over homosexuality caused biographers and critics to make Lewis and her central role in Cather’s life vanish even as she lived on alone for twenty-five years after her partner’s death.

scholarly journals Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Jagels ◽  
Viktoria Lindemann ◽  
Sebastian Ulrich ◽  
Christoph Gottschalk ◽  
Benedikt Cramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Time ◽  
Analytical Standards ◽  
Respective Species

The genus Stachybotrys produces a broad diversity of secondary metabolites, including macrocyclic trichothecenes, atranones, and phenylspirodrimanes. Although the class of the phenylspirodrimanes is the major one and consists of a multitude of metabolites bearing various structural modifications, few investigations have been carried out. Thus, the presented study deals with the quantitative determination of several secondary metabolites produced by distinct Stachybotrys species for comparison of their metabolite profiles. For that purpose, 15 of the primarily produced secondary metabolites were isolated from fungal cultures and structurally characterized in order to be used as analytical standards for the development of an LC-MS/MS multimethod. The developed method was applied to the analysis of micro-scale extracts from 5 different Stachybotrys strains, which were cultured on different media. In that process, spontaneous dialdehyde/lactone isomerization was observed for some of the isolated secondary metabolites, and novel stachybotrychromenes were quantitatively investigated for the first time. The metabolite profiles of Stachybotrys species are considerably influenced by time of growth and substrate availability, as well as the individual biosynthetic potential of the respective species. Regarding the reported adverse effects associated with Stachybotrys growth in building environments, combinatory effects of the investigated secondary metabolites should be addressed and the role of the phenylspirodrimanes re-evaluated in future research.

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