FROM THE HISTORY OF LANGUAGE CLICHES OF OFFICE WORK AND DOCUMENT SCIENCE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halyna Lukash ◽  
Olga Anisimova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Text Document ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Collective Experience ◽  
Shed Light

The purpose of the article is to shed light on the history of stable phrases of reference in the context of documentary linguistics. The methodology is based on a combination of structural-typological and cognitive-discursive approaches, which made it possible to identify and generalize the main features and differences of language clichés, stamps and documentary formulas; delve into the semantic, structural, linguistic and stylistic spheres of documentation in terms of the feasibility of introducing clichés and stamps into the text. The scientific novelty of the work is to outline the main features of language clichés, typology of clichéd units on various grounds, highlighting the factors that affect the functioning of language stereotypes. identifying trends in the development of stable combinations of documents at the stage of formation. Conclusions. The most productive language constructions in the documentary text are analyzed and described. It is noted that the formation of the language composition of the documentary text of a certain era was due to foreign language factors. Cliché semantics encompasses the whole complex of extralinguistic meanings acquired as a result of the collective experience of mankind and connects the semantic characteristics of the verbal sign with the system of traditions of the people, is objectified by communication and stereotypical linguistic situation. Among the results is what is established: clichés and document formulas are an organic element of the text of documents. It is proved that modern functional studies of documentary linguistics require a certain reorientation of the analysis of language units to the integration of conceptual, linguistic and communicative aspects of the function. Keywords: language cliché, language stamp, document formulas, stereotypical units, established expressions, language constructions, document text, document.

Travel Writing, Experiences, and Silences: What is Left Out of European Travelers' Accounts—the Case of Richard D. Mohun

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 53-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Barrett-Gaines
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
West African ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
African History ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

Recent contributions to this journal have taken various approaches to travelers's accounts as sources of African history. Elizabeth de Veer and Ann O'Hear use the travel accounts of Gerhard Rohlfs to reconstruct nineteenth-century political and economic history of West African groups who have escaped scholarly attention. But essentially they use Rohlfs' work as he intended it to be used. Gary W. Clendennen examines David Livingstone's work to find the history under the propaganda. He argues that, overlooking its obvious problems, the work reveals a wealth of information on nineteenth-century cultures in the Zambezi and Tchiri valleys. Unfortunately, Clendennen does not use this source for these reasons. He uses it instead to shed light on the relationship between Livingstone and his brother.John Hanson registers a basic distrust of European mediated oral histories recorded and written in the African past. He draws attention to the fact that what were thought to be “generally agreed upon accounts” may actually reflect partisan interests. Hanson dramatically demonstrates how chunks of history, often the history of the losers, are lost, as the history of the winners is made to appear universal. Richard Mohun can be seen to represent the winners in turn-of-the-century Central Africa. His account is certainly about himself. I attempt, though, to use his account to recover some of the history of the losers, the Africans, which Mohun may have inadvertently recorded.My question is double; its two parts—one historical, one methodological—are inextricably interdependent. The first concerns the experience of the people from Zanzibar who accompanied, carried, and worked for Richard Dorsey Mohun on a three-year (1898-1901) expedition into Central Africa to lay telegraph wire. The second wonders how and how well the first question can be answered using, primarily, the only sources available to me right now: those written by Mohun himself.

scholarly journals Religious Seminaries and Muslim Education in Indo-Pakistan Sub-Continent: A Critical Historical Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (III) ◽  
pp. 407-414
Author(s):  
Azmat Ali Shah ◽  
Fazal Ilahi Khan ◽  
Saima Razzaq Khan
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
British India ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
The People ◽  
Muslim Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shed Light

This paper focuses on the history of Islamic studies and the growth of Muslim edification scheme subsequent to the arrival of Islam in South Asia (712 A.D) and also explores the key role played by the Emperors in its establishment since 1206 A.D. Thereafter, it will highlight the efforts of Muslim rulers in introducing religious-cum-modern education system through Madrassah (religious seminaries) in Indo-Pakistan Sub-continent including the period of British-India from 1757 to 1947 A.D. which adversely affected the Muslim education system by introducing foreign educational reforms to target the curriculum of the Islamic education system. The paper will shed light on the development of Madrassahin Pakistan and the 9/11 incident that has drastically affected the image of the religious seminaries in imparting Islamic education to the people in the global community.

Population, Territory, and State-istics: “Habitual Residence” in the Belgian Census, 1846–1947

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaat Louckx
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Habitual Residence ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Belgian Population ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract In the eighteenth century, statistics was designed and understood as state-istics, as a scientific representation of the state, its territory, and its population. Statistics helped modern nation-states to “embrace” the social lives of the people contained in them; it served these nation-states to monitor the condition, to promote the welfare, and to protect the rights of their people. The history of statistics can therefore be analyzed to shed light on the politics of membership in modern states. In this article, I present a case study that focuses on the various specifications of the notion of habitual residence in the Belgian population censuses, from the middle of the nineteenth century—the first Belgian censuses organized by the homo statisticus Adolphe Quetelet—up until the middle of the twentieth century, when the welfare state more actively took “responsibility for its population.” My analyses show how the classification schemes of the Belgian population censuses elucidate underlying politics of membership and belonging. The use and development of the notion of habitual residence displays the ways in which the state (re-)articulated its expectations regarding society membership. It is not only indicative of new ways of managing the population but also of the establishment of specific norms and evaluative standards about the individuals who are living within the boundaries of the nation-state.

scholarly journals Biography of a Painted Wessel from Starčevo: Discovering Layers of Meaning

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Bajčev
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Painted Pottery ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Representative Material

Scientific interest in the painted pottery of the Starčevo culture in Serbia dates back to the very beginnings of research and the first works on the relative-chronological systematization of the Early and Middle Neolithic of the central Balkans. This paper presents the deconstruction of our established notion of painted ceramics as the ultimate parameter of relative-chronological dating, the most representative material reflection of the cultural identity of the people of Starčevo culture and the highest achievements of Starčevo culture. The paper discusses circumstances and archaeological practices through which this ingrained view and knowledge of painted pottery was formed. The research is based on the analysis of the biography of a painted vessel from the Starčevo-Grad site, having in mind that a detailed life history of an object can shed light on wider phenomena in the archaeological discipline. The aim of this paper is to remind that objects do not have a single essential meaning, but that their meaning shifts and builds through changes in the historical and social context, as well as through changes of actors gathered around certain practices in which the objects are used. The biography of the painted vessel is therefore viewed as a series of assemblages of relations in two planes, through which its identity and layers of meaning were built. The first plane is the Neolithic, in which the focus is on the practices of painting and use, and the second is her life in the role of an archaeological artifact, during which she moves from the sphere of scientific research and musealization to the sphere of negotiating contemporary cultural identities. By applying a new analytical approach, we discovered that this vessel was not very skilfully and carefully painted, and that as such it does not testify to the highest achievements of Starčevo culture, but to a social practice, learning, apprentices and mastering the skill of pottery painting. Therefore, I believe that by reducing painted pottery to relative-chronological parameters and luxury objects, we lose sight of the possibilities through which we can build much more diverse interpretations of the past.

scholarly journals 100 Jahre Amharisch-Unterricht in Hamburg

Aethiopica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludwig Gerhardt
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
The People ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

The article offers a spirited account of the 100-year-old history of teaching Amharic at the Universität Hamburg. It presents significant turning points in the fortunes of Amharic as a foreign language first taught in the Kolonialinstitut and then at the university, and portrays the people who shaped them, in particular the lectors of Amharic from Ethiopia. The account draws on archival documents interwoven with personal memories.

Investigating the Dynamics of Suicidal Ideation

Crisis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Hallensleben ◽  
Lena Spangenberg ◽  
Thomas Forkmann ◽  
Dajana Rath ◽  
Ulrich Hegerl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
History Of ◽  
Severity Of Depression ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Ema Method ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract. Background: Although the fluctuating nature of suicidal ideation (SI) has been described previously, longitudinal studies investigating the dynamics of SI are scarce. Aim: To demonstrate the fluctuation of SI across 6 days and up to 60 measurement points using smartphone-based ecological momentary assessments (EMA). Method: Twenty inpatients with unipolar depression and current and/or lifetime suicidal ideation rated their momentary SI 10 times per day over a 6-day period. Mean squared successive difference (MSSD) was calculated as a measure of variability. Correlations of MSSD with severity of depression, number of previous depressive episodes, and history of suicidal behavior were examined. Results: Individual trajectories of SI are shown to illustrate fluctuation. MSSD values ranged from 0.2 to 21.7. No significant correlations of MSSD with several clinical parameters were found, but there are hints of associations between fluctuation of SI and severity of depression and suicidality. Limitations: Main limitation of this study is the small sample size leading to low power and probably missing potential effects. Further research with larger samples is necessary to shed light on the dynamics of SI. Conclusion: The results illustrate the dynamic nature and the diversity of trajectories of SI across 6 days in psychiatric inpatients with unipolar depression. Prediction of the fluctuation of SI might be of high clinical relevance. Further research using EMA and sophisticated analyses with larger samples is necessary to shed light on the dynamics of SI.

Status and Perspective of Hospital Information Systems in Japan

1999 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ogushi ◽  
Y. Okada ◽  
M. Kimura ◽  
I Kumamoto ◽  
Y. Sekita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Hospital Information Systems ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Patient Registration ◽  
Hospital Managers ◽  
Obvious Benefit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Future Hospital ◽  
Order Entry Systems

AbstractQuestionnaire surveys were sent to hospital managers, designed to shape the policy for future hospital information systems in Japan. The answers show that many hospitals use dedicated management systems, especially for patient registration and accounting, and personnel, food control, pharmacy and financial departments. In many hospitals, order-entry systems for laboratory tests and prescriptions are well developed. Half of the hospitals have patient databases used for inquiries of basic patient information, history of outpatient care and hospital care. The most obvious benefit is the reduction of office work, due to effective hospital information system. Many hospital managers want to use the following sub systems in the future for automatic payment, waiting time display, patient records search, automatic prescription verification, drug side-effect monitoring, and graphical display of patient record data.

“The Fumes of Polonism and the Stench of Herzenism”: “Vestnik Zapadnoy Rossii” Against Class Revolution and Clas Reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 118-134
Author(s):  
Aleksandr E. Kotov
Keyword(s):  
Short History ◽  
South West ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stereotypical Image

The journal of Ksenofont A. Govorsky “Vestnik Yugo-Zapadnoy I Zapadnoy Rossii” (“South-West and West Russia Herald”) is known in the history of pubic thought as odious and reactionary. However, this stereotypical image needs some revision: the anti-Polish discourse on the pages of the magazine was not so much nationalistic as anti-aristocratic in nature. Considering the “Poles” primarily as carriers of the aristocratic principles, the editorial board of the magazine claimed to protect the broad masses of the people. Throughout its short history, the magazine consistently opposed both revolutionary and aristocratic propaganda. However, the regional limitations of the problems covered in the magazine did not give it the opportunity to reflect on the essential closeness of the revolutionary and reactionary principles. Yu.F. Samarin and I.S. Aksakov – whose conservative-democratic views, on the whole, were close to “Western Russianism”, promoted by the authors of “Vestnik Yugo-Zapadnoy I Zapadnoy Rossii”, managed to reach that goal.

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