Longitudinal analysis of the role of early head start services in the emotion regulation-achievement link

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
John M. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Achievement Gap ◽  
Head Start ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Early Head Start ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Control Group

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Emotion regulation is one aspect of self-regulation that may be particularly important to early childhood educational interventions for addressing the income-based achievement gap (Raver, 2002). Unfortunately, the effects of emotion regulation on academic achievement are relatively unknown. Since Early Head Start (EHS) implements services designed to promote healthy emotion regulation development, EHS is one opportunity to study the emotion regulation-achievement link through an early childhood educational intervention purported to target the income-based achievement gap (Administration for Children and Families, 2003b; Raikes, Brooks-Gunn, and Love, 2013). Data for these analyses are from the Early Head Start Research Evaluation (EHSRE) study. The EHSRE study is a large-sample program evaluation of EHS effects on a wide array of cognitive, academic, social, and physical variables (Vogel, Brooks-Gunn, Martin, and Klute, 2013). At baseline the original sample was comprised of 3,001 participants with 1,513 children randomized to the EHS group and 1,488 to the control group (Faldowski, Chazan-Cohen, Love, and Vogel, 2013). Approximately 48.6% of the target children identified as female, 37.1 % of the participants identified as White, 34.7% identified as African American, and 23.7% identified as Hispanic. Findings from latent variable model analyses suggest that emotion regulation is influential to the income-based achievement gap, even though EHS services do not influence emotion regulation or academic achievement. Specifically, emotion regulation ability at 36 months of life predicted academic achievement eight years later with some of the effects mediated through attention skills. Overall, findings suggest early childhood educational interventions should target the emotion regulationachievement link in order to ameliorate the income-based achievement gap.

Early Childhood Programs

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Seltzer
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Public School ◽  
Head Start ◽  
Social Services ◽  
York City ◽  
Early Head Start ◽  
Early Childhood Programs ◽  
Health And Social Services

The Children’s Aid Society (CAS) early childhood initiative is located in two of our New York City community schools, Primary School (PS) 5 and PS 8, in the Washington Heights section of northern Manhattan. This initiative was conceived as a partnership between the New York City Board of Education and CAS. The collaboration brought newborns and their families into the schools in which the children would complete fifth grade. The initiative began in 1994 and has been in full operation since 1996. Since then, the need for such a project has been confirmed and experience has provided insights into how a program for pregnant women and children through age five (often called a Zero to Five Program) can be effectively implemented within a public school. The CAS Zero to Five model connects two federally funded programs—Early Head Start (birth to age three) and Head Start (ages three to five)—to provide comprehensive educational and social services to low-income families and their children. The population attending the Zero to Five Program confronts the obstacles facing all new immigrant families living in poverty in an urban setting. In both schools more than 75% of the families are from the Dominican Republic; another 20% come from other Central and South American countries. The parents’ language is Spanish, and language barriers and acculturation issues result in social isolation. In addition, because many residents lack legal documentation, they are reluctant to access health and social services. The few early childhood programs in the neighborhood all have long waiting lists. A majority of the families share overcrowded apartments with other families or extended family; whole families often live in one bedroom where books and age-appropriate toys are scarce and there may be little child-centered language interaction. However, in spite of the difficulties, these parents have a drive to succeed and they understand the importance of education. By combining and linking Early Head Start and Head Start programs and integrating them into a community school, the CAS Zero to Five Program provides children and families with quality educational, health, and social services, after which the children transition into public school classes within the same building.

A Six-Year Follow-up of Academic Achievement in An Israeli Elementary School Integration Project

1992 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaacov J. Katz ◽  
Avraham Ben-Yochanan ◽  
Masha Sheinman
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Achievement Gap ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Integration Project ◽  
Experimental Group

An integration project initiated at the Gush Etzion Regional Elementary School in Israel at the beginning of the 1984/85 school year has now been running for six years. In the program ethnically Oriental pupils from a lower achievement-oriented environment and lower socioeconomic status were assigned to integrated classrooms together with higher achievement-oriented and higher socioeconomic-status students of Western ethnic background. A number of interventions designed to promote improved academic achievement were implemented at the school. Analysis indicated that pupils of lower socioeconomic status assigned to the experimental group achieved significantly higher reading scores than pupils of lower socioeconomic status in the control group attending a nonintegrated school. However, pupils of higher socioeconomic status studying in the integrated school and belonging to a comparison group achieved higher scores on the research instrument than members of either the experimental or the control groups despite the interventions undertaken to close the achievement gap. It appears that, although the interventions undertaken contributed to academic success of the experimental group subjects, they did not go all the way towards closing the achievement gap between lower and higher socioeconomic-status pupils.

scholarly journals Evaluating Two Oral Health Video Interventions with Early Head Start Families

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn B. Wilson ◽  
Barbara DeBaryshe ◽  
Malkeet Singh ◽  
Sharon Taba
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Head Start ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Early Head Start ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Home Visitors ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Family Centered

Poor oral health in early childhood can have long-term consequences, and parents often are unaware of the importance of preventive measures for infants and toddlers. Children in rural, low-income families suffer disproportionately from the effects of poor oral health. Participants were 91 parents of infants and toddlers enrolled in Early Head Start (EHS) living in rural Hawai'i, USA. In this quasi-experimental design, EHS home visitors were assigned to use either a didactic or family-centered video with parents they served. Home visitors reviewed short segments of the assigned videos with parents over an eight-week period. Both groups showed significant prepost gains on knowledge and attitudes/behaviors relating to early oral health as well as self-reported changes in family oral health routines at a six-week followup. Controlling for pretest levels, parents in the family-centered video group showed larger changes in attitudes/behaviors at posttest and a higher number of positive changes in family oral health routines at followup. Results suggest that family-centered educational videos are a promising method for providing anticipatory guidance to parents regarding early childhood oral health. Furthermore, establishing partnerships between dental care, early childhood education, and maternal health systems offers a model that broadens potential reach with minimal cost.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Effectiveness of Self-regulation Strategy Training on Procrastination, Happiness and Academic Achievement

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kheironessa Naderi ◽  
Hamid Taher Neshat Doust ◽  
Houshang Talebi
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Strategy Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Minute Duration

Objectives: This study was carried with the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of self-regulation strategy training on procrastination, academic achievement, and happiness of 1st grade high school male and female students. Methods: It is a quasi-experimental research with a pretest-posttest design involving a control group. Sixty students were selected by means of multistage cluster sampling plan and randomly grouped in 4 groups of 15. Research instrument consisted of Solomon and Rothblum Academic Delay, Oxford Happiness, and Standard Academic Achievement Questionnaire. Test group received 8 self-regulation training sessions of 45-minute duration each. Results: Results revealed that self-regulation training has a meaningful effect on dependent variables (P < 0.001). In the presented model, "gender", "time and group", "interactive effect of gender and group", and "interactive effect of group and time" were meaningful, as opposed to the "interactive effect of gender and time" and "interactive effect of gender, group, and time" which lacked any significance. Conclusions: Results of LSD post hoc test showed no meaningful difference between the mean happiness, procrastination, and academic achievement scores of experimental and control groups in the pretest stage. However, in the posttest and follow-up stage, the mean scores of the two groups differed significantly.

A Modifying the Instrument of Self-Regulation in Early Childhood Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-127
Author(s):  
Retno Pangestuti ◽  
Anissa Lestari Kadiyono ◽  
Surya Cahyadi ◽  
Hendriati Agustiani
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Head Start ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
School Readiness ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Self-regulation for pre-school children is very important to support children’s adjustments in all situations and conditions. The current problem is the instrument of self-regulation is more focused on regulation in learning which is not suitable for young children. This study aims to examine the validity and reliability of Preschool Self-Regulation Assessment (PSRA) in Indonesia by modifying several children self-regulation theories. The instrument was translated from English into Indonesian and it retranslated into the native language by linguists. The questions, then, were validated through a process of professional judgment and cognitive de-briefing. The study was carried out to 179 children aged 6 to 7 years old. Data were analyzed by using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). It showed that there are 5 dimensions of children's self-regulation, namely: attentional focus, behavioral control, self-motivated, self-autonomy and emotional control. The result showed that the five-dimensional model is agreed with the data and prove to measure children’s self-regulation. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient value was 0.899, indicating high scale reliability. Thus, the pre-school children’s self-regulation assessment has well psychometric for further use. Keywords: Children’s self-regulation, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Construct validation, Pre-school self-regulation assessment, Reliability References Amanda, N. ., Antara, P. ., & Magta, M. (2016). Hubungan Pola Asuh Orangtua dengan Regulasi Diri Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun. Journal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, 4(2), 1–11. Bentley, J. J. (2013). Parental Involvement, Parent-Child Warmth and School Engagement as Mediated by Self-Regulation. Brigham Young University. Bierman, K. L., Domitrovich, C. E., Nix, R. L., Welsh, J. A., Greenberg, M. T., Blair, C., … Gill, S. (2008). Promoting academic and social-emotional school readiness: The Head Start REDI program. Child Development, 79(6). Blair, C., & Diamond. (2008). Developing your Children Self-Regulation through Everyday Experiences. Blair, C., & Raver, C. C. (2015). School readiness and self-regulation: A developmental psychobiological approach. Annual Review of Psychology, 66, 711–731. Eisenberg, N., Hofer, C., & Vaughan, J. (2007). Effortful Control and Its Socioemotional Consequences. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (hal. 287–306). New York: Guilford Press. Eisenberg, N., Spinrad, T. L., & Eggum, N. D. (2010). Emotion-Related Self-Regulation and Its Relation to Children’s Maladjustment. Annual Reviews Clinical Psychology, 27(6), 495–525. Eisenberg, N., Valiente, C., & D.Eggum, N. (2010). Self-Regulation and School Readiness. Early Education Development., 21(5), 681–698. Goyette, P., Carrol, K., Smith-Donald, R., Metzger, M., Young, T., & Raver, C. C. (2006). Field Administration of an Emotional and Behavioral Assessment of Head Start Children:Preliminary Findings from the Preschool Self-Regulation Assessment. Grolnick, W. S., & Farkas, M. (2002). Parenting and the development of children’s self-regulation. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting (Vol. 5, hal. 89–110). Practical issues in parenting. Pino, D., & Whitebread, D. (2010). The Role of Parenting in Children’s Self-Regulated Learning. Educational Research Review, 5(3), 220–242. Raver, C. C., Jones, S. M., Li-Grining, C., Zhai, F., Bub, K., & Pressler, E. (2011). CSRP’s impact on low-income preschoolers’ pre-academic skills: Self-regulation and teacher-student relationships as two mediating mechanisms. Child Development, 82(1), 362–378. Rimm-Kaufman, S. E., Curby, T. W., Grimm, K. J., Nathanson, L., & Brock, L. L. (2009). The contribution of children’s self-regulation and classroom quality to children’s adaptive behaviors in the kindergarten classroom. Developmental Psychology, 45(4). Rochmah, S. N. (2017). Hubungan Konsep Diri Guru Terhadap Regulasi Diri Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Tunas Siliwangi SPS UPI, 3(2), 160–174. Smith-Donald, R., Carroll, K., Goyette, P., Metzger, M., Young, T., & Raver, C. C. (2006). Preliminary Validity of the Preschool Self-Regulation Assessment (PSRA). Smith-Donald, R., Raver, C. C., Hayes, T., & Richardson, B. (2007). Preliminary construct and concurrent validity of the Preschool Self-regulation Assessment (PSRA) for field-based research. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 22(2), 173–187. Tanribuyurdu, Findik, E., Yildiz, & Guler, T. (2014). Preschool Self-Regulation Assessment (PSRA): Adaptation Study for Turkey. Education and Science, 39(176), 317–328. Wang, L., Hamaker, E., & Bergeman, C. (2014). Investigating inter-individual differences in short-term intra-individual variability. Psychological Methods, 17(4), 2012. Zimmerman, B. (2002). Becoming a Self-Regulated Learner: An Overview. Theory Into Practice, 41(2), 64–70

Self-Regulation in Early Childhood Policy and Practice in England

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Robson
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Private Speech ◽  
Social And Emotional Development ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Stimulated Recall ◽  
Development Support ◽  
Do So

Self-regulation is a complex, multifaceted concept that can be described as a higher mental process oriented toward children’s (and adults’) metacognitive, motivational, and behaviorally active participation in their own learning. It includes cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development. It is related to several other higher mental processes, notably executive function, and the two are sometimes confused and even conflated. They are, however, not interchangeable, and it is vital to clarify both what self-regulation is and what it is not. Failure to do so may lead to confusion at practice and policy levels, and ineffective or inappropriate practice, potentially disadvantageous to young children. Self-regulation may be significant in all aspects of development, particularly in early childhood, and efforts to enhance children’s self-regulation may be among the most effective educational interventions. Interest is reflected in developments in the field of assessment, including by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and in government policy in, inter alia, England. Play, particularly pretense, problem-solving, and talk (both private speech and dialogue) are advocated as rich, naturalistic contexts for the development, support, and meaningful assessment of young children’s self-regulation. Some specific approaches to assessment are identified, notably observation and stimulated recall, in the form of reflective dialogues, including the use of video. Decontextualized assessment is suggested as a potentially less effective approach in capturing the full depth and range of young children’s self-regulatory competence.

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